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    Temporo-Mandibular Joint Functional Arthroplasty: Does It Improve the Short-Term Quality of Life in Patients with Painful Anterior Disc Displacement Without Reduction? A Retrospective Cohort Study

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    Background: Anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) often leads to persistent pain and reduced quality of life (QoL). Conservative treatments frequently fail to provide adequate symptom relief. Objective: To assess the short-term (≥6 months) effectiveness of functional arthroplasty in reducing pain and improving QoL in patients with ADDwoR unresponsive to conservative therapies. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 105 patients (median age 38 years, 80% female) treated at Santa Maria Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021. All patients had unilateral painful ADDwoR confirmed via MRI and underwent functional arthroplasty. Primary outcomes included pain reduction (VAS) and QoL improvements (QoL-TMJ questionnaire). Covariates such as age, gender, and baseline mood disturbances were analyzed for associations with surgical outcomes. Statistical analyses included the Wilcoxon rank test, Friedman’s ANOVA, and Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: Postoperative VAS scores significantly decreased (8.0 pre-op vs. 2.0 post-op, p < 0.001). QoL-TMJ scores improved significantly in pain (p < 0.001), activity (p < 0.05), mood (p < 0.001), and anxiety (p < 0.01), but no significant changes were observed in chewing and speaking functions. Improvements in QoL correlated strongly with pain reduction. Gender and age did not influence the outcomes, though females reported higher baseline mood disturbances. Conclusions: Functional arthroplasty effectively reduces pain and improves QoL in patients with ADDwoR, regardless of age or gender. However, limited improvement in chewing and speaking abilities highlights the need for targeted interventions. Future studies should assess the long-term outcomes to confirm the sustained benefits of this procedure

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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