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SONG, SHU-GUN
No full textIAA 是一種植物荷爾蒙，在土壤中來源有二，一為微生物轉變tryptophan（TrP ）而
來，另一為根分泌物，而IAA 在土壤中含量很低，但以較低濃度仍能影響根的生表，
所以學者需致力在方法上改良，尋求簡單有效的萃取法。
根瘤菌經證明具轉化TrP 為IAA 的能力，在形成根瘤過程中IAA 扮演相當角色，美國
大豆根瘤菌為慢生型，而本省大豆根瘤菌是否為快生型有待探討，在轉化IAA 能力上
是否有差異，不同pH對轉化TrP 形成IAA 的影響有待探討。
本研究之目的在於⑴採用Amberlite ZAD －７樹脂，直接加入土壤中萃取IAA ，為萃
取IAA 建立較為簡單而有效的方法，並與傳統方法比較之。⑵進行本省大豆根瘤菌與
美國根瘤菌之生長曲線試驗，以便證明台灣土生根瘤菌為快生丑。⑶在不同pH培養基
加竹根瘤菌，比較不同pH時IAA 的生成量，並建立簡便之測定過程。
本試驗從不同質地、不同pH、不同有機質及不同時間於土壤中，加入Amberlite XAD
－７樹脂，萃取回收IAA 之結果，並與Frankenberger 與Brumer之ethyl aeetate 萃
取法做比較。
在根瘤菌方面採本省土生性大豆根瘤菌二株，美國大豆根瘤菌一株，及銀合歡根瘤菌
二株，進行生長曲線試驗在Vincent 培養基中測不同氮源及不同pH對根瘤菌合成IAA
的量。
本研究的結果發現pH３．○，５．５，７．○，８．５四種不同pH之處理，其中以pH
３．○時Amberlite XAD －７樹脂回收率高達９９％，所得回收效果最佳；在八卦山
土、淡水水田土、及陽明山森林土進行回收率時，發現質地不同對回收影響不大，在
一般有機質含量（１∼２％）土壤，XAD －７樹脂萃取法具普遍性，唯有機質含量太
高（１３％）之陽明山森林土會達成萃取效果偏低，在２，６，２４，７２，１４４
小時等不同時間萃取發現有隨時間遞減趨勢，土壤經過殺菌後，在２，２４，７２小
時分別萃取，雖也有遞減趨勢，但較平緩，且回收效困較未殺菌時高，可知微生物及
胞外酵素對IAA 的分解扮演重要角色。與Frankenberger 與Brumer之ethyl aeetate
萃取法比較回收率的結果顯示XAD －７樹脂萃取法為一有利之方法。
本省大豆及銀合歡之根瘤菌與美國大豆根瘤菌比較，本省大豆及銀合歡根瘤菌為快生
型，世代時間為２．６∼３．３小時，美國根瘤菌Rj１１○為慢生型，世代時間為６
．８小時。在Vincent 培養基中加入TrP 及以TrP 完全取代vincent 培養基中之Na－
glutamate 其IAA 形成量比較得Vincent 培養基加TrP 之培養基合成IAA 的量較高，
在培養基中不含TrP ，根瘤菌不會合成IAA ，在pH５．○，６．６及７．５三種pH之
培養基中，TrP 形成量以pH５．○所得較高。
由以上結果顯示，XAD －７樹脂萃取法對IAA 的萃取為一簡有效的方法，本省大豆根
瘤菌證明為快生型根瘤菌，在培養基中含Na－glutamate 為氮源，IAA 合成量較高，
pH５．○可得較高之IAA 合成量
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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