97 research outputs found
Developmental care from theory to action
No full textDevelopmental care from theory to actionSoleimani Farin. ( M.D)1 , Sajedi Ferozeh2 (M.D)Torkzahrani Shahnaz3 (M.Sc)1. MD, Pediatrician, Associate Professor Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Scienc-es, Tehran, Iran.2. MD, Pediatrician, Associate Professor Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Scienc-es, Tehran, Iran.3. M.Sc. in Midwifery, Faculty member of Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Ph.D. Candidate Pediatric, Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Corresponding author: Torkzahrani Shahnaz; [email protected]: The premature or low birth weight infants in the neonatal intensive care unit admission are affected not only by body’s physiology and immature developmental condition but also by environmental stress; thereby they are at high risk of developing neurodevelopmental delay. The aim of this study was to review the emerging fi eld of neurodevelopmetal disorders and strategies to reduce it.Materials and Methods: In this review article, Iranmedex، Sciencedirect،google Scholar، SID, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO-CINAHL databases between 1960 to 2013 were searched for finding the relevant studies.Result: The review of literature indicates that developmental care mostly reports positive effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes and helps preterm infants cope with the environment of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Healing environment, partnering with families, positioning and handling, safeguarding sleep and optimizing nutrition are main core measures of developmental care. The structuring and designing of NICU environment for the high risk neonate has important policy implications for neonatal healthcare and beyond hospital stay.Key Words: Developmental care, Neurodevelopment, NICU, preterm, low birth weight
Review: Early Intervention Programs and High Risk Infants
No full textEarly Intervention services are special services for children in their early years either with known developmental disabilities or with substantial biomedical or psychosocial risk factors for abnormal development (e.g., prematurity or parental neglect). This discussion describes the varying interdisciplinary components found in such programs, and the importance of participation by parents. The efficacy of these procedures in enhancing development has been defined by research. The pediatric role is described as surveillance, referral, interdisciplinary collaboration, ongoing pediatric care responsive to the needs of the child and family, and advocacy
Correlation between anthropometric indices at birth and developmental delay in children 4-60 months
No full textCorrelation between anthropometric indices at birth and developmental delay in children 4-60 months Amir Ali Akbari, S.1* (MSM); Torabi, F.2 (MSM); Soleimani, F.3 (MD); Alavi Majd, H.4 (PhD) 1. Lecturer, Dept. of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.2. Alumnus, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.3. Pediatrician, Administrator of Pediatrics Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.4. Associate Professor, Dept. of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedical, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abstract Background and aimAdvancements in medical knowledge and treatment modalities have resulted in increasing the survival rate of high risk infants. This increased number of survivors call attention to future development of these children. After infection and trauma, developmental and behavioral problems are the most common children medical problems. The aim of this study was to determine correlation between anthropometric indices at birth and developmental delay in children 4-60 months that were visited in health services centers affiliated to University of Medical Sciences in 2010. Materials and methodsIn this descriptive-corrolational study, 401 children 60-4 months that were visited in health services centers affiliated to University of Medical Sciences in 2010 were selected by multistage method. Anthropometric indices of children at birth were collected from their health care records and development status of children was measured by "Ages and Stages Questionnaire". Validity of 0/84 and reliability 0/94 were obtained from pervious study. Data were analyzed by SPPS v 18. Findings The results showed that the average age of children in normal group was 17/33±13/18 month and in developmental delay group was 29/92±19/19 month. Most gender in normal group was female (%56) developmental delay group was male (%55/2). In addition, there were no correlation between height and head circumference at birth and developmental delay. However, birth weight of children with developmental delay were four times lower than birth weight of normal developmental children (p = 0.004, OR = 4). ConclusionFactors that lead to intrauterine growth reduction will create many problems in the neonatal period. On the other hand, staying these infants in NICU is longer and lead to presenting disorders in child developmental process. Keywords: Anthropometric indices, Developmental delay, Child *Corresponding Author: Sedigheh, Amir AliAkbari. Lecturer, Dept. of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
The Evaluation of Effective Risk Factors in Infant Developmental Disorder
No full textObjective: Growth and development are considered as complex and special issues. Growth is increase in body size or segments but development is changing in function that can be affected by environmental factors.Developmental evaluation is very important at infancy because of high growth and developmental rate in this period. It is well known that incidence of developmental disorder in high risk infants are higher than low risk ones and special follow up to be needed for such early detections and furtherly a proper intervention. The purpose of this study was to determine, risk factors influency such developmental delay during an infancy period.
Materials & Methods: In this descriptive- analytical study, we screened 6150 in consecutive 4-18 months infants during 12 months period that referred from Karaj health centers for vaccination or monthly follow up by perinatal evaluating questionnaire and examining by Infant Neurological International Battery Test by occupational therapists on two groups: Control (Normal Scoring) and Case (Abnormal Scoring).
Results: The results showed that CNS problems after 2 months of age such as siezure disorder, meningitis with (odds ratio=5.54),neonatal convulsion with (odds ratio=4.37), Prematurity with (odds ratio=2.52) and neonatal sepsis with 2.39 are the most important risk factors for developmental disorder.
Conclusion: In aspect of results of this study and increasing survival of high risk neonates with biological and environmental risk factors and effectiveness of early intervention(rehabilitation & treatment) if there are any economic problems on Neuro-developmental Screening and Follow-up in our country, we propose such intervention only for High Risk infants
Assisted Reproduction Technology and Perinatal Outcomes: A Review
No full textIntroduction: Approximately 9% of couples worldwide face with infertility problem in some period of their life. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is a common choice of treatment for many infertile couples that its case is male or female factor, or idiopathic. This review article was performed with aim to compare perinatal outcomes in different ART methods with each other and with spontaneous pregnancy.
Methods: This review article was performed by searching in databases of PubMed, Medline, SID, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library from 2010 to 2016 to find the related articles with appropriate keywords such as Assisted reproductive techniques, Outcomes, Pregnancy). The English articles on the subject of assisted reproductive techniques and perinatal outcomes were included in the study and in the case of no access to the full text of the article and the unrelated results were excluded from the study.
Results: According to the results of different studies, poor perinatal outcomes in ART pregnancies, including preterm birth, LBW, SGA and perinatal mortality were significantly higher in ART pregnancies compared with normal pregnancy.
Conclusion: Multiple factors such as singleton or twin ART pregnancies, the type of used ART, treatment protocol, and the main cause of initial infertility affect perinatal outcomes
Validity and reliability of the Persian version of greenspan social-emotional growth chart
No full textBackground: The estimated prevalence of mental health disorders in children and adolescents is between 10% and 20%. Furthermore, a quarter of very premature infants exhibit socioemotional delays in infancy and childhood. The objective of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of Greenspan social-emotional growth chart (GSEGC) in Persian children aged 1–42 months. Materials and Methods: After translation procedures, the face validity, content validity, construct validity, test–retest reliability, and internal consistency of the GSEGC questionnaire were evaluated. The quality of translating items was obtained using the suggestions of the research group. The face validity of the GSEGC was performed by interviewing with 10 mothers in the target group. To evaluate content validity quantitatively, content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used after reviewing the face and content validity and pilot study, 264 parents of children aged 1–42 months completed the GSEGC questionnaire to assess the construct validity and internal consistency. In order to determine the test-retest reliability, after 2 weeks, 18 parents completed the questionnaire again. Results: Eleven questions were changed according to the interviews (questions 1–6, 9–11, and 15–16). The lowest CVR was related to items 30 and 20 (0.636), and other items had an acceptable CVR. The lowest CVI value was related to item 1 of clarity and simplicity (0.818), and other items had an acceptable CVI. Intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.988 for all items of questionnaire. Furthermore, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.952 for all items. In factor analysis, two factors were extracted from the items in questionnaire. Conclusion: The Persian version of GSEGC questionnaire has acceptable face, content and, constructs validity, test-retest reliability and high internal consistency in the target population. Therefore, the Persian version of the GSEGC can be used as a tool to assess 1–42 months sensory processing and socio-emotional development
A Psychometric Study of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development in Persian Language Children
No full textHow to Cite This Article: Azari. N, Soleimani F, Vameghi R, Sajedi F, Shahshahani S, Karimi H, Kraskian A, Shahrokhi A, Teymouri R, Gharib M. A Psychometric Study of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development in Persian Language Children. Iran J Child Neurol. Winter 2017; 11(1):50-56.AbstractObjectiveBayley Scales of infant & toddler development is a well-known diagnostic developmental assessment tool for children aged 1–42 months. Our aim was investigating the validity & reliability of this scale in Persian speaking children.Materials & MethodsThe method was descriptive-analytic. Translation- back translation and cultural adaptation was done. Content & face validity of translated scale was determined by experts’ opinions. Overall, 403 children aged 1 to 42 months were recruited from health centers of Tehran, Iran during years of 2013- 2014 for developmental assessment in cognitive, communicative (receptive & expressive) and motor (fine & gross) domains. Reliability of scale was calculated through three methods; internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, test-retest and interrater methods. Construct validity was calculated using factor analysis and comparison of the mean scores methods.ResultsCultural and linguistic changes were made in items of all domains especially on communication subscale. Content and face validity of the test were approved by experts’ opinions. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was above 0.74 in all domains.Pearson correlation coefficient in various domains, were ≥ 0.982 in test retest method, and ≥0.993 in inter-rater method. Construct validity of the test was approved by factor analysis. Moreover, the mean scores for the different age groups were compared and statistically significant differences were observed between mean scores of different age groups, that confirms validity of the test.ConclusionThe Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development is a valid and reliable tool for child developmental assessment in Persian language children.References1. Boyle CA, Boulet S, Schieve LA, Cohen RA, Blumberg SJ, Yeargin-Allsopp M, et al. Trends in the prevalence of developmental disabilities in US children, 1997–2008. Pediatrics 2011:peds. 2010-989.2. Sajedi F, Doulabi MA, Vameghi R, Baghban AA, Mazaheri MA, Mahmodi Z, et al. Development of Children in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Glob J Health Sci 2015 Dec 18;8(8):51251.3. Soleimani F, Vameghi R, Biglarian A, Rahgozar M. Prevalence of motor developmental disorders in children in Alborz Province, Iran in 2010. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2014 Dec 25;16(12):e16711.4. Soleimani F, Vameghi R, Biglarian A. Antenatal and Intrapartum Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy in Term and Near-term Newborns. Arch Iran Med 2013;16(4): 213 – 216.5. Soleimani F, Vameghi R, Biglarian A, Daneshmandan N : Risk factors Associated with Cerebral Palsy in Children Born in Eastern and Northern Districts of Tehran. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2010; 12 (4):428-432.6. Fischer VJ, Morris J, Martines J. Developmental Screening Tools: Feasibility of Use at Primary Healthcare Level in Low-and Middle-income Settings. J Health Popul Nutr 2014 Jun;32(2):314-26.7. Blauw-Hospers CH, Hadders-Algra M. A systematic review of the effects of early intervention on motor development. Dev Med Child Neurol 2005 Jun;47(6):421-32. 8. Nordhov SM, Ronning JA, Dahl LB, Ulvund SE, Tunby J, Kaaresen PI. Early intervention improves cognitive outcomes for preterm infants: randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics 2010 Nov;126(5):e1088-94.9. Bailey DB, Jr., Hebbeler K, Scarborough A, Spiker D, Mallik S. First experiences with early intervention: a national perspective. Pediatrics 2004 Apr;113(4):887-96.10. Raju TN, Higgins RD, Stark AR, Leveno KJ. Optimizing care and outcome for late-preterm (near-term) infants: a summary of the workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Pediatrics 2006;118(3):1207-14.11. First LR, Palfrey JS. The infant or young child with developmental delay. N Engl J Med 1994 Feb 17;330(7):478-83.12. Dobrez D, Sasso AL, Holl J, Shalowitz M, Leon S, Budetti P. Estimating the cost of developmental and behavioral screening of preschool children in general pediatric practice. Pediatric 2001;108(4):913-22.13. Torras-Mana M, Guillamon-Valenzuela M, Ramirez-Mallafre A, Brun-Gasca C, Fornieles-Deu A. Usefulness of the Bayley scales of infant and toddler development, third edition, in the early diagnosis of language disorder. Psicothema 2014;26(3):349-56.14. Gladstone M, Lancaster GA, Jones A, Maleta K, Mtitimila E, Ashorn P, et al. Can Western developmental screening tools be modified for use in a rural Malawian setting? Arch Dis Child. 2008 Jan;93(1):23-9.15. Lipkin PH, Cartwright JD, Desch LW, Duby JC, Elias ER, Johnson CP, et al. Role of the medical home in family-centered early intervention services. Pediatrics 2007;120(5):1153-8.16. Johnson S, Marlow N. Developmental screen or developmental testing? Early Hum Dev 2006 Mar;82(3):173-83.17. Vameghi R, Sajedi F, Kraskian Mojembari A, Habiollahi A, Lornezhad HR, Delavar B. Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validation and Standardization of Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) in Iranian Children. Iran J Public Health 2013 May 1;42(5):522-8.18. Shahshahani S, Vameghi R, Azari N, Sajedi F, Kazemnejad A. Validity and Reliability Determination of Denver Developmental Screening Test-II in 0-6 Year-Olds in Tehran. Iran J Pediatr 2010 Sep;20(3):313-22.19. Abubakar A, Holding P, Van Baar A, Newton C, van de Vijver FJ. Monitoring psychomotor development in a resourcelimited setting: an evaluation of the Kilifi Developmental Inventory. Ann Trop Paediatr 2008 Sep;28(3):217-26.20. Harris SR, Megens AM, Backman CL, Hayes VE. Stability of the Bayley II Scales of Infant Development in a sample of low-risk and high-risk infants. Dev Med Child Neurol 2005 Dec;47(12):820-3.21. Albers CA, Grieve AJ. Review of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. J Psychoeduc Assess 2007 Jun;25(2):180-190. DOI: 10.1177/0734282906297199. 22. Godamunne P, Liyanage C, Wimaladharmasooriya N, Pathmeswaran A, Wickremasinghe AR, Patterson C, et al. Comparison of performance of Sri Lankan and US children on cognitive and motor scales of the Bayley scales of infant development. BMC Res Notes 2014 May 16;7:300.23. Deroma L, Bin M, Tognin V, Rosolen V, Valent F, Barbone F, et al. [Interrater reliability of the Bayley III test in the Italian Northern-Adriatic Cohort II]. Epidemiol Prev 2013 Jul-Oct;37(4-5):297-302.24. Zakaria S, Seok CB, Sombuling A, Ahmad MS, Hashmi SI. Reliability and Validity for Malay Version of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-(Bayley- III): Preliminary Study. International Proceedings of Economics Development & Research 2012;40. 25. Yu YT, Hsieh WS, Hsu CH, Chen LC, Lee WT, Chiu NC, et al. A psychometric study of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - 3rd Edition for term and preterm Taiwanese infants. Res Dev Disabil 2013 Nov;34(11):3875-83.26. Acton BV, Biggs WS, Creighton DE, Penner KA, Switzer HN, Thomas JHP, et al. Overestimating neurodevelopment using the Bayley-III after early complex cardiac surgery. Pediatrics 2011 Oct;128(4):e794-800.27. Anderson PJ, De Luca CR, Hutchinson E, Roberts G, Doyle LW. Underestimation of developmental delay by the new Bayley-III Scale. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2010 Apr;164(4):352-6.28. Campbell SK, Zawacki L, Rankin KM, Yoder JC, Shapiro N, Li Z, et al. Concurrent validity of the TIMP and the Bayley III scales at 6 weeks corrected age. Pediatr Phys Ther 2013 Winter;25(4):395-401.29. Visser L, Ruiter SAJ, Van der Meulen BF, Ruijssenaars WAJJM, Timmerman ME. Validity and suitability of the Bayley-III Low Motor/Vision version: A comparative study among young children with and without motor and/or visual impairments. Res Dev Disabil 2013 Nov;34(11):3736-45.30. Soleimani F, Azari N, Vameghi R, Sajedi F, Shahshahani S, Karimi H, Kraskian A, Shahrokhi A, Teymouri R, Gharib M. Is the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Developmental Screening Test, valid and reliable for Persian speaking children? Iran J Pediatr 2016 October; 26(5):83-90
Significant Fishery Management Issues in the Law of the Sea Conference: Illusions and Realities
No full textThis article discusses several significant fishery issues left unsettled by the Third United Nations Law of the Sea Conference. The author begins by addressing the issue of 200-mile exclusive economic zones for coastal nations. Next, the author discusses several approaches of the conservation regime, including a universal approach, regional approach, treaty approach, and non-treaty approach. The author then examines regional fishery problems in the North Pacific, East Central Atlantic, and Indian Ocean. The author concludes by giving a final appraisal of the Law of the Sea Conference and a possible solution for the conservation of fisheries
Tele-rehabilitation for children with physical disabilities: qualitative exploration of challenges in Iran
No full textAbstract Background Children with physical disabilities (Having this type of disability can be due to any of the reasons such as cerebral palsy, genetic, developmental, neurodevelopment and any other reasons that cause physical disability in the child) need rehabilitation services. Tele-rehabilitation is a practical approach to provide rehabilitation services for children with rapid and continuous access. This approach has been used more recently and overcomes the limitations of conventional rehabilitation, which involves wasting time, traveling distance, and cost. The purpose of this study is to examine the challenges of telerehabilitation for children with physical disabilities such as cerebral palsy and developmental delay. Method This study was conducted with the qualitative approach of content analysis in order to investigate the challenges of tele-rehabilitation services in Tehran in 2023. Twenty-two participants were selected based on purposeful sampling with maximum variation. Data was gathered through semi-structured and in-depth interviews with children’s parents and tele-rehabilitation service providers. The interviews lasted between 15 and 75 min, and MAXQDA 10 software was used for data analysis. The conventional content analysis method of Granheim and Lundman was used to analyze the data. In this research, four Guba and Lincoln criteria including creditability, dependency, conformability, and transferability were used to evaluate the trustworthiness of data. This article is part of a more extensive qualitative study that explored the barriers and facilitators of these services. Finding For the challenges of telerehabilitation services for these children, the researcher faced with 10 categories which were obtained after the investigation. The 10 categories are as follows: unorganized internet infrastructure, lack of a developed program, inefficient technology, disregard for ethical principles, lack of therapist information, visual and auditory limitations, cultural misconceptions, weakness of empathy and therapeutic alliance, Lack of familiarity with telerehabilitation, and the other online therapy problems. Conclusion Finally, by identifying these challenges, it is possible to provide services with higher qualities to people of this group by reducing barriers. Also, the policy makers of the mentioned area should take more effective steps in order to provide this type of services to the families of children with physical disabilities, so that it ultimately leads to basic measures to improve the condition of these children
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