1,721,001 research outputs found
Extragenital Müllerian adenosarcoma with pouch of Douglas location.
No full textBMC Cancer. 2011 May 15;11:171.
Extragenital Müllerian adenosarcoma with pouch of Douglas location.
Patrelli TS, Silini EM, Gizzo S, Berretta R, Franchi L, Thai E, Lukanovic A, Nardelli GB, Modena AB.
SourceDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecological and Perinatology Sciences, University of Parma, Italy. [email protected]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Of all female genital tract tumors, 1-3% are stromal malignancies. In 8-10% of cases, these are represented by Müllerian adenosarcoma an extremely rare tumor characterized by a stromal component of usually low-grade malignancy and by a benign glandular epithelial component. Variant that arises in the pouch of Douglas is scarcely mentioned in the medical literature.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 49-year-old para-0 woman, was seen at our OB/GYN-UNIT because she complained vaguely of pelvic pain. She had a mass of undefined nature in the pouch of Douglas. A simple excision of the mass showed low-grade Müllerian adenosarcoma with areas of stromal overgrowth. One and a half year after surgery, at another hospital, a mass was detected in the patient's posterior vaginal fornix and removed surgically. Six months later she came back to our observation with vaginal bleeding and mass in the vaginal fornix. We performed radical surgery. The pathological examination showed recurrent adenosarcoma. Surgical treatment was supplemented by radiation therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: The case of Müllerian adenosarcoma reported here is the third known so far in the literature that was located in the pouch of Douglas. To date, only two other such cases have been reported, including one resulting from neoplastic degeneration of an endometriotic cyst
Squamotransitional cell carcinoma of the vagina: diagnosis and clinical management: a literature review starting from a rare case report.
No full textPathol Oncol Res. 2011 Mar;17(1):149-53. Epub 2010 May 30.
Squamotransitional cell carcinoma of the vagina: diagnosis and clinical management: a literature review starting from a rare case report.
Patrelli TS, Silini EM, Berretta R, Thai E, Gizzo S, Bacchi Modena A, Nardelli GB.
SourceOb/Gyn Clinic, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. [email protected]
Abstract
Primary squamotransitional cell carcinoma (STCC) is rare squamous cell tumor variant resembling transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary tract. STCC occurs rarely in the vagina and its clinical and pathological correlates are poorly known. We report a unique case of a 66-year-old Italian woman with STCC of the vagina. A biopsy of the tumor was performed. The tumor qualified as a STCC. Following biopsy, the patient underwent radical hysterectomy (Piver's III-type) with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, upper colpectomy, appendicectomy, peritoneal cytology, and lymphadenectomy. The patient is now healthy without evidence of recurrence at 30 months after surgery. Pathologically, cytoarchitectural characteristics distinguish this histotype (STCC) from conventional squamous cell carcinoma of the genital tract. The cytokeratin staining pattern (CK7 positive and CK20 negative), the p63 expression and the positivity for p16ink4a and high-risk HPV are the main elements of differential diagnosis. We suggest that STCC of the vagina should be treated by radical surgery, possibly followed by adjuvant therapy based on staging results and should receive a long-term follow-up
Primary Epithelioid Angiosarcoma of the Thyroid in a Patient Occupationally Exposed to Radiations
No full textBackground: Angiosarcoma (AS) of the thyroid is a rare and aggressive tumor. Its incidence is higher in iodine-deficient areas but cases unrelated to endemic goiter have been reported. Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 63-year-old Italian man living in a non-iodine-deficient area, with no previous diagnosis of thyroid disease with a history of radiation exposure. The patient-an interventional cardiologist who had worked for 15 years in an angiographic room- came to the clinical observation because of the rapid onset of dyspnea and dysphonia. Computed tomography (CT) showed a 13-cm inhomogeneous neck mass, originating from the left thyroid lobe which caused displacement and stenosis of the trachea. The patient underwent diagnostic fine-needle aspiration that was followed by total thyroidectomy and lymphadenectomy of central and left lateral cervical nodes. The final pathological diagnosis was epithelioid angiosarcoma (EAS), high grade. The preoperative staging by CT of the head, neck, abdomen, chest and pelvis was negative. At pathological staging, the tumor was angionvasive but it was limited to the thyroid; no lymphnode metastases were detected. Chemotherapy with Epirubicin and Ifosfamide was administered for 4 cycles and, then, it was discontinued due to significant bone marrow toxicity. Conclusion: One year after diagnosis, the CT of neck, abdomen, chest, and pelvis were negative. At 2 years after diagnosis, the FDG-PET was negative with no evidence of the disease at CT Due to the known association between the occurrence of angiosarcoma after radiation therapy it is tempting to speculate that in this patient the presence of thyroid EAS may be linked to radiation exposure.The patient is still alive at 62 months after diagnosis. He is on a follow-up program by a 6-month /1-year neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis CT evaluation with no signs of metastases
LOH as "the missing instability" potentially underlying the tumor immunogenicity: On the trails of a correlation between fractional allelic loss and response to nivolumab in renal cancer
No full textAim/Background: Microsatellite instable (MSI) phenotype characterizes tumors with high mutational load, encoding immunogenic neoantigens correlated with susceptibility to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (CKI). MSI is rare (3-4%) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), although CKI are effective in a significant fraction of advanced tumors. We evaluated the hypothesis that loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of relevant tumor suppressor genes (TSG) might provide a measure of tumor immunogenicity, contributing as “the missing instability” to a high fractional allele loss (FAL) potentially underlying the rate of disease control obtained with CKI. We preliminary report the possible predictive value of LOH at different loci on 3p in patients with advanced RCC treated with the anti-PD-1 nivolumab.
Methods: After DNA extraction from FFPE tissues of nephrectomy specimens, LOH study was performed by PCR for the microsatellite markers D3S1481 (3p14.2, FHIT gene) and D3S1478 (3p21.3-21.2). Non-informative (NI) cases due to homozygosity were subsequently tested for D3S1621 (3p21.2, LCTSGR1 gene). MSI was assessed using two classical mononucleotide markers, BAT-25 and BAT-26.
Results: Nine RCC cases evaluable for response were analyzed. All were microsatellite stable (MSS). Five cases (45%) had LOH: 3 only at the FHIT locus (D3S1481), 2 at both D3S1481 and D3S1478 loci. All these patients with LOH of at least one 3p locus had good disease control and clinical benefit with nivolumab (2 had partial response and 3 stable disease, SD). The remaining 4 cases were negative for LOH at the informative loci: 3 of them were clearly non-responsive to nivolumab (confirmed progression disease) and one had SD.
Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that LOH at 3p loci correlates with good disease control with nivolumab in advanced RCC patients. Our findings support the hypothesis that LOH at relevant genetic loci may provide a measure of mutational burden and of tumor immunogenicity and it could be used as predictive biomarker of response to CKI. Further analyses are planned with the aim to investigate other loci of key-TSG on 3p, 9p and 14p, evaluating the FAL index as potential more reliable predictive factor
Clustering patterns of human papillomavirus genotypes in multiple infections
No full textAbstract: Many human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are sustained by multiple viral genotypes whose effect on the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is unknown.
The study investigated whether specific HPV types or species may affect the likelihood of multiple infections and have a clustered distribution in a consecutive series of 681 women with a histological diagnosis of CIN.
HPV typing was performed by the SPF(10)-LIPA assay; associations were evaluated by loglinear analysis of multiple contingency tables after stratification by age and CIN grade. HPV prevalence was 99.4% with a 72.1 % rate of coinfection. The risk of coinfection was higher for types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 51, 52, 56. Significant interactions were found for species A7-A9-A10, A6-A9 and A7-A10. Coinfection by types 31-35-56, 16-51-52, 16-18 and 51-52 was more frequent than expected. Interactions between viral species and HPV 16-18 were maintained among CIN1, whereas interactions of 16-51-52 and 31-51-56 were significant only in CIN >= 2. Interactions between species and types were lost among women younger than 32 years.
Significant clustering of HPV types and species occurs among women with CIN. This has implications for the assessment of the oncogenic potential and the prevention of HPV infections. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Time trends of human papillomavirus type distribution in Italian women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)
No full textOBJECTIVE: It is assumed that the circulation of HPV types in a population is stable over time although there are limited historical data to support this view. The existence of possible cohort effects in the circulation of HPV types has major implications for vaccination strategies and risk assessment in HPV-infected women. We analysed archival biopsy samples of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to study the distribution of HPV types in Northern Italy over the years 1985-2007.
METHODS: DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical biopsies from the years 1985-87 (67 samples) and 1995-97 (92 samples) was HPV-typed by the SPF-(10) Lipa assay. Cases were compared with 159 control biopsies from the years 2005-07 matched by patient age and CIN grade. Quantitative PCR was used to compare titres of HPV sequences in DNA extracted from biopsies of the three periods. Type-specific PCR was used to confirm HPV51 and 52 typing by SPF-(10) Lipa.
RESULTS: HPV51, 52, 53, 56, 58, and 66 were markedly under-represented or undetectable in samples from past periods whereas they represented 5.7-30.8% of present infections. Frequency of multiple HPV infections and high-risk infections (p=0.0001) also increased in recent years. The main changes occurred over the last decade. Infections by HPV16, 18, were three times more frequent 20 years ago than today (p=0.012). Loss of amplifiable HPV sequences over prolonged storage was not observed. Type-specific PCR confirmed all HPV51 and 52 infections.
CONCLUSIONS: Secular trends in the distribution of HPV types among women with CIN may occur in specific populations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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