1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
New technologies for early detection of malignant skin tumors: a review of the literature
No full textreservedIntroduzione: Uno dei tumori più comuni è il melanoma. È la principale causa di morte per cancro della pelle, ma ha una buona prognosi se diagnosticato precocemente. Mentre il melanoma cutaneo primario è spesso clinicamente evidente, il melanoma in fase iniziale può essere molto difficile da riconoscere. Il problema di questo tipo di cancro è che potrebbe essere localizzato in una zona visibile e non causare sintomi evidenti finché non è troppo tardi per intervenire. Ecco perché le persone a rischio devono sottoporsi regolarmente a controlli di un dermatologo. Tuttavia, anche lo specialista più esperto può non accorgersi di segnali sottili, dando così la possibilità al cancro di svilupparsi. Per questo motivo, si stanno perfezionando strumenti diagnostici diversi per aiutare il personale sanitario a individuare tempestivamente il cancro. Uno strumento potenzialmente utile in questa impresa potrebbe essere l'intelligenza artificiale.
Obiettivo: L'obiettivo della revisione è quello di indagare se l'utilizzo di app e tecnologie per l'analisi automatica delle immagini possa essere un valido strumento per l'identificazione di modificazioni cutanee che potrebbero evolvere in melanoma e se possa quindi migliorare la capacità di diagnosi precoce di melanoma. La revisione mira, inoltre, ad identificare quale potrebbe essere il ruolo infermieristico nel supporto al paziente all’utilizzo di questi strumenti.
Materiali e metodi: È stata condotta una revisione della letteratura attraverso la consultazione e l'interrogazione di banche dati biomediche quali PubMed, Scopus e Google Scholar.
Risultati: Sono stati selezionati in totale 22 articoli che soddisfavano i criteri di inclusione ed esclusione: 6 revisioni di letteratura, 4 studi osservazionali, 3 studi randomizzati, 2 studi trasversali, 2 studi retrospettivi, 2 studi prospettici,2 studio pilota,1 studio qualitativo.
Discussione: Dall’analisi degli articoli inclusi nella revisione è emerso che le tecnologie digitali, specialmente quelle che si basano sull'intelligenza artificiale e deep learning, offrono buone possibilità per identificare il melanoma in fase iniziale, mostrando una buona sensibilità e specificità. Malgrado ciò, il loro uso nella pratica medica è ancora limitato e necessita di dati di alta qualità, sistemi affidabili e standard condivisi. Gli infermieri svolgono un ruolo fondamentale nel supportare i pazienti, gestire i dati e adottare queste tecnologie, ma è necessaria formazione continua e risorse appropriate per integrarle al meglio.
Conclusioni: La revisione ha valutato l’efficacia dei metodi basati sull’intelligenza artificiale per l’analisi automatica delle immagini. La telemedicina e le app per l'analisi automatica delle immagini si preannunciano come strumenti potenziali per identificare precocemente il melanoma. Gli algoritmi affinano sia la precisione sia la velocità di risposta, e l'assistenza infermieristica gioca un ruolo chiave nel supportare il paziente e nell'integrazione di questi strumenti. Tuttavia, per una completa integrazione clinica, sono necessarie convalide scientifiche, attività di formazione e adeguate risorse.
Parole chiavi: pelle, neoplasie cutanee maligne, melanoma, applicazioni mobili, tecnologie di telemedicina, intelligenza artificiale.Introduction: One of the most common cancers is melanoma. It is the leading cause of skin cancer death, but it has a good prognosis if diagnosed early. While primary cutaneous melanoma is often clinically evident, early-stage melanoma can be very difficult to recognize. The problem with this type of cancer is that it may be localized in a visible area and cause no obvious symptoms until it is too late to intervene. This is why people at risk must undergo regular checkups with a dermatologist. However, even the most experienced specialist can miss subtle signs, thus giving cancer the opportunity to develop. For this reason, various diagnostic tools are being developed to help healthcare professionals detect cancer early. One potentially useful tool in this endeavor could be artificial intelligence.
Objective: The aim of this review is to investigate whether the use of apps and technologies for automatic image analysis can be a valuable tool for identifying skin changes that could develop into melanoma and whether it can therefore improve the ability to diagnose melanoma early. The review also aims to identify the potential role of nursing in supporting patients in the use of these tools.
Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted by consulting and querying biomedical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
Results: A total of 22 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected: 6 literature reviews, 4 observational studies, 3 randomized trials, 2 cross-sectional studies, 2 retrospective studies, 2 prospective studies, 2 pilot studies, and 1 qualitative study.
Discussion: Analysis of the articles included in the review revealed that digital technologies, especially those based on artificial intelligence and deep learning, offer good potential for identifying early-stage melanoma, demonstrating good sensitivity and specificity. However, their use in medical practice is still limited and requires high-quality data, reliable systems, and shared standards. Nurses play a critical role in supporting patients, managing data, and adopting these technologies, but ongoing training and appropriate resources are needed to fully integrate them.
Conclusions: The review assessed the effectiveness of artificial intelligence-based methods for automated image analysis. Telemedicine and apps for automated image analysis promise to be potential tools for early melanoma identification. Algorithms improve both accuracy and response speed, and nursing plays a key role in supporting patients and integrating these tools. However, full clinical integration requires scientific validation, training, and adequate resources.
Keywords: skin, malignant skin tumors, melanoma, mobile applications, telemedicine technologies, artificial intelligence
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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