1,721,840 research outputs found
Femmes et Brevet : Réponse de l’INPI à la question posée par la rédaction de la revue
No full textSekkat Laurence. Femmes et Brevet : Réponse de l’INPI à la question posée par la rédaction de la revue . In: Diplômées, n°242, 2012. Femmes créatrices d'entreprise. p. 74
Progressive Taxation, Macroeconomic Stabilization and efficiency in Europe
Get PDFThe paper contributes to the debate on the stability/efficiency tradeoff of automatic stabilizers. A simple AD-AS two-country model is presented and illustrates circumstances where a reduction in taxes can foster stabilization. The testable implication from the model is that tax cuts can either increase or decrease volatility depending on the structure of the taxation system. Hence, lowering taxes for efficiency purposes may have not cost in terms of stabilization. This implication is tested for OECD countries over the period 1960-2000 taking account of the endogeneity and omitted variables issues identified in the literature. We found acceptably robust evidence that the size of governments in OECD countries has played a stabilizing role for both output and inflation. However, the relationship between government size and macroeconomic stability is not linear. The composition of public finances, in particular the tax mix, matters for output and price volatility. Distorting taxes, namely taxes on labor, might have negative effects on macroeconomic stability. Consequently, the potential trade off between stability and flexibility might not exist.Automatic stabilizers, efficiency, Europe, Martinez-Mongay, Sekkat
Manufactured Exports and FDI in the MED-11 Countries: Recent Evolution, Determinants and Prospects
Get PDFThis paper investigates the evolution and determinants of manufactured exports and FDI in MED-11 countries over the period 1985-2009 as well as the prospects of their evolution under different scenarios pertaining to the evolution of the determinants. The econometric analysis confirmed the role of exchange rate depreciation, the openness of the economy and the quality of institution and infrastructure in fostering manufactured exports and FDI inflows in the Region. The prospects’ assessment suggested that a scenario of deeper integration with the EU entails superior performance regarding manufactured exports and FDI than status quo or less integration with the EU but greater regional integration.Manufactured Exports, FDI, Institutions, MENA
Financial constraints and productivity growth across the size spectrum: microeconomic evidence from Morocco
No full textTo what extent do financial constraints act as conditioning factors on firm productivity? Is this impact different across firm size classes and across sectors and in what way is it different? We explore these issues for Morocco. We use firm level data, taken from two surveys of the World Bank Enterprise Surveys (WES) for Morocco (2004, 2007), to investigate the relationship between two proxies of a firm’s financial constraint (perceived financial constraint as the most serious obstacle and credit constraint) and its productivity growth. The analytical framework assumes a Cobb–Douglas production function for firms where technical progress is not exogenous but depends on financial constraint. Two different econometric estimates are adopted: within estimators and GMM system estimates to address endogeneity and to correct for potential selection, simultaneity and omitted-variable bias (OVB). The estimations using the GMM give results that are consistent with the expectations: they show that each of the two financial constraint proxies has a significant and negative impact on small- and medium-sized firms (i.e. firms with less than 100 workers) but not on large firms (i.e. firms with more than 100 workers). To see whether the main results of the analysis persist (i.e. credit constraints harm small-sized firms more than large-sized firms) several robustness checks are performed. We change the threshold of the separation between small- and large-sized firms from 100 to 50 workers. We keep the threshold at 100 but exclude alternatively small-sized firms that are too small (less than 20 workers) and the large-sized firms that are too large (more than 500 workers). We keep the threshold to 100 and the whole sample but add a control variable which gives the legal status of the firm. Finally, we examine the sensitivity of the results to the sectoral composition of the sample. The main result holds for all sectors except “Wearing apparel”.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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