1,720,952 research outputs found
From Novelty to Authenticity? Italian Varietals in California
Full text linkopenI vitigni italiani hanno avuto un ruolo significativo, anche se spesso trascurato, nella storia della viticoltura californiana. Questa tesi documenta il percorso dei vitigni italiani dal loro primo impianto da parte degli immigrati italiani nel metà del XIX secolo fino al loro attuale status all'interno dell'industria vinicola californiana, con particolare attenzione al loro impatto culturale, economico e agricolo. Inizialmente introdotti e propagati da successive ondate di immigrazione italiana e da diverse imprese vinicole a guida italiana, in particolare Italian Swiss Colony, la coltivazione di vitigni italiani in California si è gradualmente espansa durante la fine del XIX e l'inizio del XX secolo. Questi vitigni sono sopravvissuti al proibizionismo e hanno conosciuto un costante aumento di popolarità, in particolare in associazione con i vini da tavola nel secondo dopoguerra. In particolare, alcuni vitigni come il Barbera hanno superato la crescita e la diffusione del Cabernet Sauvignon, dello Chardonnay e del Pinot Nero fino alla metà degli anni Settanta.
In seguito all'acquisizione di Atlas Peak da parte di Antinori nel 1985, la Napa Valley ha registrato in particolare un'impennata nelle piantagioni di vitigni italiani, soprattutto Sangiovese. Negli anni Novanta, i produttori hanno cercato di divulgare questi vitigni e di educare i consumatori sul loro significato culturale attraverso un'organizzazione nota come Consorzio Cal-Italia. Nonostante i suoi nobili obiettivi, il consorzio ha faticato a unire i produttori attorno a un'identità coesa, a stabilire una selezione varietale orientata al terroir e a migliorare gli standard qualitativi, provocando la disillusione della stampa e dei consumatori. Di conseguenza, il movimento Cal-Ital ha vacillato alla fine degli anni Novanta ed è morto nei primi anni Duemila.
Da allora, in California è emerso un panorama varietale italiano più sfumato e specializzato, caratterizzato da pratiche agricole sostenibili, sperimentazione varietale, continuo adattamento al mercato e diversi gradi di integrazione culturale italiana tra i produttori. Mentre molti grandi produttori continuano a produrre uno o due vitigni italiani, spesso sfruttando un'identità di marca italiana obsoleta o inventata, un numero crescente di piccoli produttori sta perseguendo interpretazioni autentiche dei vitigni italiani nel contesto californiano.
L'autore ha intervistato trenta professionisti del settore vinicolo che si occupano di vitigni italiani in California. Il questionario ha affrontato una serie di argomenti, sia qualitativi che quantitativi. I risultati indicano che il mosaico di vitigni italiani attualmente coltivati in California è più variegato che mai, e che i consumatori sono sempre più informati e interessati a questi vitigni, che ora rappresentano circa il 4% della superficie viticola dello Stato. Inoltre, gli adattamenti dei produttori al panorama economico post-COVID, in particolare il ruolo crescente delle vendite dirette al consumatore (DTC), indicano una base di stabilizzazione per il futuro dei vitigni italiani in California.Italian wine grape varietals have played a significant, albeit often overlooked, role in the history of California viticulture. This thesis documents the journey of Italian varietals from their initial planting by Italian immigrants in the 1850s to their current status within the Californian wine industry, with a particular focus on their cultural, economic, and agricultural impacts. Initially introduced and propagated by successive waves of Italian immigration and several pivotal Italian- led wine enterprises, most notably Italian Swiss Colony, the cultivation of Italian varietals in California gradually expanded during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These varietals survived Prohibition and saw a steady rise in popularity, particularly in association with table wines post-World War II. Notably, certain varietals such as Barbera outpaced the growth and prevalence of Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, and Pinot Noir through the mid-1970s.
Following Antinori's acquisition of Atlas Peak in 1985, Napa Valley in particular experienced a surge in plantings of Italian varietals, primarily Sangiovese. During the 1990s, producers sought to popularize these varietals and educate consumers about their cultural significance through an organization known as Consorzio Cal-Italia. Despite its noble objectives, the consortium struggled to unite producers around a cohesive identity, establish terroir-driven varietal selection, and improve quality standards, leading to press and consumer disillusionment. Consequently, the Cal-Ital movement had faltered by the late 1990s, and died in the early 2000s.
Since then, a more nuanced and specialized Italian varietal landscape has emerged in California, characterized by sustainable agricultural practices, varietal experimentation, ongoing market adaptation, and varying degrees of Italian cultural integration among producers. While many larger producers continue to produce one or two token Italian varietals, often exploiting an outdated or fabricated Italian brand identity, an increasing number of smaller producers are pursuing authentic interpretations of Italian varietals within a California context.
The author conducted interviews with thirty wine industry professionals involved with Italian varietals in California. The questionnaire addressed a range of topics, both qualitative and quantitative. The results indicate that the mosaic of Italian varietals currently cultivated in California is more diverse than ever before, with consumers becoming better informed about and more interested in these varietals, which now represent an estimated 4% of the state's standing wine grape acreage. Furthermore, producers' adaptations to the post-COVID economic landscape, particularly the growing role of Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) sales, indicate a stabilizing foundation for the future of Italian varietals in California
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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