2,482 research outputs found
Avaliação das taxas de cesárea do Brasil e de Santa Catarina a partir da classificação de Robson
Get PDFTCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Medicina.Objetivo: verificar as taxas de cesárea de cada grupo de Robson, suas contribuições relativas e a série histórica no Brasil e em Santa Catarina (SC). Métodos: estudo epidemiológico descritivo dos dados tipo de parto e classificação de Robson obtidos do SINASC no período de 2014 a 2017. Resultados: a taxa de cesárea no Brasil foi de 55,95% e em SC de 58,65%. A distribuição dos grupos de Robson e sua evolução temporal em SC e no Brasil foram semelhantes, com grupos 1 e 3 maiores no Brasil e 2 e 4 maiores em SC. Nos dois locais estudados, o grupo com maior contribuição para a taxa de cesárea e com tendência de crescimento foi o grupo 5 (multíparas com cesárea prévia), o que se relaciona a realização de cesarianas eletivas, em um ciclo de retroalimentação em que gestantes submetidas a um primeiro parto abdominal apresentam alta probabilidade de nova cesariana em outras gestações. Conclusão: as taxas de cesárea são elevadas, com uma maior contribuição do grupo 5 tanto no Brasil quanto em SC e uma maior participação de induções e cesarianas antes do trabalho de parto em SC (grupos 2 e 4).Objective: to verify the cesarean section rates of each Robson group, their relative contributions to C-section rates and the historical series in Brazil and Santa Catarina (SC). Methods: a descriptive epidemiological study using data of the type of delivery and Robson classification, obtained from SINASC between 2014 and 2017. Results: the cesarean section rate was 55.95% in Brazil and 58.65% in Santa Catarina. The distribution of Robson groups and their temporal evolution in SC and Brazil were similar, with groups 1 and 3 larger in Brazil and 2 and 4 larger in SC. In both sites studied, the group with the highest contribution to C-section rates and with a growth trend was group 5, multiparous with previous cesarean section, what is probably related to the high frequency of elective C-sections, in a feedback loop in which pregnant women who perform the first C-section are likely to have a new C-section. Conclusion: caesarean section rates are high, with the main contribution of group 5 in Brazil and SC. A greater participation of induction and caesarean section before labor occurs in SC (groups 2 and 4)
Extracellular nucleotides as negative modulators of immunity
No full textNucleotides are well known for being the universal currency of intracellular energy transactions, but over the past decade it has become clear that they are also ubiquitous extracellular messengers. In the immune system there is increasing awareness that nucleotides serve multiple roles as stimulants of lymphocyte proliferation, ROS generation, cytokine and chemokine secretion: in one word as pro-inflammatory mediators. However, although often neglected, extracellular nucleotides exert an additional more subtle function as negative modulators of immunity, or as immunedepressants. The more we understand the peculiar biochemical composition of the microenvironment generated at inflammatory sites, the more we appreciate how chronic exposure to low extracellular nucleotide levels affect immunity and inflammation. A deeper understanding of this complex network will no doubt help design more effective therapies for cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases
A atuação profissional do serviço social no enfrentamento à violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes, no município de Tijucas-SC
Get PDFTCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio Ecônomico, Curso de Serviço SocialO presente Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso tem como objetivo principal oferecer subsídios para potencializar o trabalho do Assistente Social do Serviço de Enfrentamento, frente às principais demandas recebidas, na área da violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes residentes no município de Tijucas - SC. Encontra-se dividido em três seções, sendo que a primeira seção aborda o fenômeno da violência contra crianças e adolescentes; apresentando dados alarmantes no Brasil; definições de violência, abuso e exploração sexual; as principais legislações e as políticas públicas de proteção à criança e ao adolescente. Neste sentido busca-se contextualizar a situação da violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes através de dados fazendo um contraponto com as legislações e políticas públicas de proteção desses sujeitos. A segunda seção encontra-se focada na rede de proteção social, destacando a importante atuação dos Conselhos Tutelares, Conselhos de Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente, do Fórum Catarinense pelo Fim da Violência e da Exploração Sexual Infanto-Juvenil, no trabalho com o Serviço de Enfrentamento à Violência, ao Abuso e à Exploração Sexual, do qual se faz a caracterização no município de Tijucas - SC, especialmente da atuação do Serviço Social. A terceira seção apresenta a pesquisa empírica realizada acerca do Serviço de Enfrentamento à Violência, ao Abuso e à Exploração Sexual, no município de Tijucas-SC, utilizando-se como instrumental técnico, questionário semiestruturado, aplicado aos profissionais da área de Serviço Social, Psicologia e Pedagogia, a fim de conhecer a dinâmica de trabalho e, sobretudo, a articulação desses serviços quanto ao enfrentamento da violência, dando-se destaque ao trabalho do Assistente Social na articulação com a rede de proteção social municipal. Neste sentido, são apresentadas as informações resultantes da pesquisa empírica e a sua respectiva análise. Para a elaboração deste trabalho adotou-se a pesquisa exploratória, de natureza qualitativa, delineada como pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e empírica. Para oferecer aporte teórico a este trabalho foram utilizadas obras de autores de referência que estudam esta temática
Organizational Factors and Office Workers’ Health After the World Trade Center Terrorist Attacks: Long-Term Physical Symptoms, Psychological Distress, and Work Productivity
No full textObjective: To assess if organizational factors are predictors of workers' health and productivity after the World Trade Center attacks.Methods: We conducted a survey of 750 workers and compared those who had direct exposures to the World Trade Center attacks (south of Canal Street workers; primary victims) with those less directly exposed (north of Canal Street workers; other victims and non-victims).Results: South of Canal Street workers reported headache more frequently than north of Canal Street workers did (P = 0.0202). Primary victims reported headache and cough more frequently than did other victims and non-victims (P = 0.0086 and 0.0043, respectively). Defensive organizational culture was an independent predictor of cough and job stress, and job stress was an independent predictor of on-the-job productivity losses.Conclusion: Organizational variables may modify health and productivity outcomes after a large-scale traumatic event in the workplace.This research was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Grant 5 R21 OH007713-02, and the NIEHS sponsored UMDNJ Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease, Grant NIEHS P30ES005022.This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (50(2):112-25, 2008 Feb) a publication of Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. The published article is available at http://journals.lww.com/joem/Fulltext/2008/02000/Organizational_Factors_and_Office_Workers__Health.4.asp
Stability and stoichiometry of L12 Al3(Sc,Zr) dispersoids in Al-(Si)-Sc-Zr alloys
No full textStability and stoichiometry of L12 Al3(Sc,Zr) dispersoids in Al-(Si)-Sc-Zr alloy
The Impact of the Murphy Creek Transmission Line on the Robson Ridge Mountain Goats
Get PDFWildland RecreationThe purpose of this report is to examine the Robson Ridge Mountain Goats and their habitat, and discuss the possible impacts and conflicts of the Murphy Creek Transmission Line corridor on the Robson Ridge herd. This report provides two proposed options for managing this issue
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward Clostridium Botulinum Outbreak in Home-Canned Bamboo Shoots at Pakaluang Subdistrict, Ban Luang District, Nan Province, Thailand
No full textThis study aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward Clostridium botulinum outbreak in home-canned bamboo shoots at Pakalung SubDistrict, Ban Luang District, Nan Province, Thailand. A cross-sectional approach was conducted to assess KAP using a structured questionnaire. A total of 280 people, randomly selected responded by face to face interview. The results indicated that the knowledge and attitude of the participants were moderate and neutral (57.9 % and 51.8 %, respectively). The prevalence of good practice level was 89.6 %. Furthermore, the knowledge was significantly associated with social-demographic characteristics (Chi-square, p<0.05) i.e. education level (p<0.001), occupation (p<0.029), monthly incomes (p<0.001). The attitude was associated with age group (p<0.001), education level (p<0.002), monthly incomes (p<0.001) and monthly incomes (p<0.001) are associated with practice level. The information gained would be utilized for health promotion and use of appropriate tools to increase more knowledge, and changing wrong beliefs concerning food habits and changing some people’s practices that might increase risk related to C. botulinum foodborne.Peer reviewed
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of Using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Chilli-Growing Farmers in Huarua Sub-district, Mueang District, Ubonrachathani Province, Thailand
No full textPesticide use in Thailand has increased significant, raising concerns about potentially adverse effects on human health and environment, in particular, as a number of pesticide products have been heavily used on chilli farms. The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices on using personal protective equipment (PPE) of chilli-growing farmers to protect themselves from pesticides, (2) to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with pesticide use and exposure in the chilli-growing farmers, and (3) to provide recommendations and guidelines to reduce the exposure to pesticides among farmers in Huarua Sub-District, Mueang District, Ubonrachathani Province, Thailand. A standardized questionnaire was completed through face to face interviews with 330 chilli-growing farmers. The results showed that 53% of the participants were male and 39.6% and ages ranging between 31-40 years. 71.2 % had received primary school education and most of them applied pesticides by themselves. Almost 89.4% of respondents acknowledged that they ought to wear mask, boots, and cloth while spraying. Furthermore, 83.3% knew that pesticides can pass through their body in 3 ways; ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation. In addition, 45.5% of respondents knew that spraying should be done in the windward direction and that they should use PPE. Many of the respondents checked their equipment before using them and wore clothing while spraying. Nevertheless, 77.2 % of chilli-growing farmers had low level of knowledge, 54.5 % of the farmers were not concerned about pesticide use or exposure, and 85.0 % of farmers demonstrated a fair level of actual usage. The associations between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, and attitude and practice demonstrated statistical significance with low positive correlation (0.216, 0.285, and 0.305 respectively). The results suggested that government authorities and communities should be provided with the appropriate recommendations, strategies and guidelines to prevent adverse health effects regarding to pesticide exposure of farmers in this area.Peer reviewed
Assessing and Improving Bioterrorism Preparedness Among First Responders: A Pilot Study
No full textFollowing the September 11 terrorist attacks, the vulnerability of the United States became apparent. It also became evident that there was a need for respiratory protection. The purpose of this study was to determine the prior knowledge and perceptions of emergency medical technicians with respect to bioterrorism and to enhance their current knowledge to better prepare them for possible future events. The study was also designed to create a certified pool of trainers who would be capable of fit-testing all squad members with N-100 respirators. Representatives were recruited from each of the Hunterdon County, New Jersey, rescue squads. Participants attended a train-the-trainer session. Before the session and after, they were tested on knowledge and perceptions about relevant bioterrorism issues and were given an educational presentation on bioterrorism, threatening agents, respiratory health, and proper protection, along with being introduced to the fit-test steps for N-100 respirator masks. The response rate for the training was 94 percent. The authors measured and compared responses on the pre-test and the post-test with respect to knowledge, behaviors, and perceptions, and the results indicated a change following the training. The study thus provided evidence that the train-the-trainer program is an effective method of providing public health preparedness training to members of community organizations and agencies.Reprinted with permission from the Journal of Environmental Health, a publication of the National Environmental Health Association, www.neha.org.Supported by NIEHS Grants ES07148 and ES05022 and the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute.Peer reviewe
Factors Associated with Pesticide Risk Behaviors among Rice Farmers in Rural Community, Thailand
No full textPesticide use in Thailand has increased significant, raising concerns about potentially adverse effects on human health and environment, in particular, as a number of pesticide products have been heavily used on chilli farms. The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices on using personal protective equipment (PPE) of chilli-growing farmers to protect themselves from pesticides, (2) to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with pesticide use and exposure in the chilli-growing farmers, and (3) to provide recommendations and guidelines to reduce the exposure to pesticides among farmers in Huarua Sub-District, Mueang District, Ubonrachathani Province, Thailand. A standardized questionnaire was completed through face to face interviews with 330 chill-growing farmers. The results showed that 53% of the participants were male and 39.6% and ages ranging between 31-40 years. 71.2 % had received primary school education and most of them applied pesticides by themselves. Almost 89.4% of respondents acknowledged that they ought to wear mask, boots, and cloth while spraying. Furthermore, 83.3% knew that pesticides can pass through their body in 3 ways; ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation. In addition, 45.5% of respondents knew that spraying should be done in the windward direction and that they should use PPE. Many of the respondents checked their equipment before using them and wore clothing while spraymg. Nevertheless, 77.2 % of chilli-growing farmers had low level of knowledge, 54.5 % of the farmers were not concerned about pesticide use or exposure, and 85.0 % of farmers demonstrated a fair level of actual usage. The associations between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, and attitude and practice demonstrated statistical significance with low positive correlation (0.2 16, 0.285, and 0.305 respectively,). The results suggested that government authorities and communities should be provided with the appropriate recommendations, strategies and guidelines to prevent adverse health effects regarding to pesticide exposure of farmers in this area
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