1,720,969 research outputs found
Aspects écocritiques de l\u27île
No full textMamadou Samb, professeur à l\u27Université du Massachusetts Lowell, s\u27interroge sur la présentation de "l\u27Île" à travers la littérature antillaise à la lumière de théories « Ecocritiques » en se basant sur les textes d\u27Aimé Césaire, Edouard Glissant, Maryse Cond
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Modélisation de transistors en couches minces (TFT) fabriqués en technologies silicium microcristallin très basse température
No full textThis thesis focuses on the modeling of TFTs based on microcrystalline silicon fabricated at low temperature. The challenge is to produce a valid model of TFT which enable us to provide an explanation of the phenomena observed experimentally and that could be the basis for a compact model. Firstly, an experimental study, in which it is shown the beneficial effect for the use of thin active layers for TFTs, has been performed. Indeed, the TFTs performances are better, when their active layers are more thin. The columnar growth of microcrystalline silicon structure and the bad interfaces state for thick active layer have an important part in the deterioration of the quality of TFTs. Thereafter , a simulation (on SILVACO ) of the behavior of TFTs with active layers of different thicknesses were made to try to provide electrostatic explanations. The same effects are caused mainly by an increase of the lateral electric field when the thickness of the active layer decreases for a defective material, promoting thereby the rapid formation of the channel. The bad quality of the front and rear interfaces has also a strong influence on the deterioration of electrical characteristics of TFTs. This influence is reduced by using a very thin active layer.Cette thèse porte sur la modélisation de TFTs à base de silicium microcristallin fabriqués à basse température. L'enjeu est de produire un modèle de TFT valide qui nous permettra d'apporter des explications sur les phénomènes observés expérimentalement et qui pourrait servir de base à un modèle compact. Tout d'abord, une étude expérimentale, dans laquelle il est montré l'effet bénéfique de l'utilisation de fines couches actives pour les TFTs, a été effectuée. En effet, plus la couche active des TFTs est fine, plus les TFTs sont stables, et meilleures sont leurs caractéristiques électriques. La croissance colonnaire de la structure du silicium microcristallin et le mauvais état de surface pour les grandes épaisseurs de couche active jouent un rôle important sur la détérioration de la qualité des TFTs. Par la suite, une simulation (sous SILVACO) du comportement des TFTs ayant des couches actives de différentes épaisseurs a été effectuée, pour essayer d'apporter des explications d'ordre électrostatique. Les mêmes effets observés sont surtout causés par une augmentation du champ électrique latéral lorsque l'épaisseur de la couche active diminue pour un matériau défectueux, favorisant ainsi la formation rapide du canal. La mauvaise qualité des interfaces avant et arrière a aussi une forte influence sur la détérioration des caractéristiques électriques de TFTs. Cette influence est réduite en utilisant une très fine couche active
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