1,721,002 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
イオンと溶媒の相互作用に関する研究
No full textSome recent advances in non-aqueousion-solyent mteractions are reviewed. In this connection, some fundamental aspects are also discussed. Contents of this paper are as follows.
1 Introduction
2 Trifluoromethanesulfonates as strong electrolytes in non-aqueous solvents
2.1 Factors of supporting electrolytes for electrochemical use
2.2 Dissociation equilibria of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and its salts
2.3 Trifluoromethanesulfonate supporting electrolyte
3 Ion-solvent interactions in acetylacetone
3.1 Properties of acetylacetone
3.2 Ion association equilibria in acetylacetone
3.3 Acid-base equilibriain acetylacetone
4 Conclusio
イオンと溶媒の相互作用に関する研究(IV) : 電気伝導率の測定と電解質のイオン会合平衡
No full text 電解質溶液の電気伝導性研究の歴史は古く，19世紀初めにまでさかのぼる。電気伝導率の測定は，比較的容易で迅速かつ正確に，しかも希薄溶液（^～^ mol ^ 程度）で行うことができるため，今日でも，イオンーイオンおよびイオンー溶媒間の相互作用を熱力学的に解明するための有力な手段のひとつとなっている。溶液の電気伝導性は，溶液中のすべてのイオンによるものであるから，電極電位の測定の場合のように，特定の指示電極を用いて特定の物質の濃度のみを測定するということはできない。しかし，電気伝導率は電解質の種類や濃度によって変化する。したがって，この変化を追跡すれば，容量分析における終点の決定を行うことができる。この方法を電気伝導率滴定［導電率滴定］（conductometric titration）といい，酸一塩基，沈殿，錯形成反応などに広く応用することが可能である。また，電気伝導率の濃度依存性の解析から，イオンの移動度やイオン会合定数を知ることができる。これらは，イオンの溶媒和に関する重要な情報となる。
本論文では，最初に，電気伝導率の測定原理と理論式，関連してイオン会合の理論式などを取り扱う。電気伝導率の理論，測定法については，文献1）～5）などが参考となろう。
イオン会合定数は，溶媒の誘電率やイオンの大きさなどによって変化する。また，イオン会合平衡（自由イオン→←溶媒介入イオン対→←接触イオン対）の最も安定な位置も，イオン−溶媒相互作用の強さに依存する。これらの効果を定量的に説明あるいは予測することは，今のところ非常に困難である。ほとんど不可能と言ってもよい。しかしながら，イオン会合の仕方が全くのでたらめであるはずはなく，イオン会合平衡をイオンと溶媒の種類によって幾つかのパターンに分類することは可能である。
本論文のもうひとつの目的は，主として電気伝導率法によって研究された各種溶媒中のイオン会合平衡を概観し，それらを通してイオンー溶媒相互作用の特徴を明らかにすることである。イオン会合の陽イオンおよび陰イオン依存性，溶媒介入イオン対と接触イオン対の平衡，混合溶媒中のイオン会合などをとりあげる
イオンと溶媒の相互作用に関する研究(II) : 単独イオンの溶媒間移行自由エネルギー
No full text イオン−溶媒間相互作用，すなわち，イオンの溶媒和現象は溶媒の酸塩基的性質と密接に関連している。したがって，前報でも述べたように，電解質のイオン会合平衡や酸塩基電離平衡などに与える溶媒の影響には著しいものがある。このようなイオン−溶媒間相互作用の溶媒による差異を定量的に解明することは，たとえば異なる溶媒中に等しい濃度で存在する個々の溶質の反応性の違いを明らかにすることであり，またそのことによって種々の化学反応に対する溶媒効果を定量的に説明したり，あるいは予測しようということである。異なる溶媒中でのイオンの溶媒和エネルギーを比較するとき，イオンの溶媒間移行自由エネルギーという尺度が使われる。これは，酸塩基，酸化還元，イオン会合，錯形成および有機合成反応などの基礎から応用までを合む広範な分野で，今日まで急速に発展してきた非水溶液の化学を統一的に理解するうえで非常に重要な視点を与えるものである。本報では，1970～80年代にかけて大きく進展したイオンの溶媒間移行自由エネルギーに関する研究について概説する
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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