1,721,094 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
<Articles>Fishing and Hunting People and Reindeer-breeding in Siberia
No full text牧畜民とよばれる種族の中には、乾燥地帯で馬、羊その他を飼育するものと、寒帯でトナカイを飼育するものとに大別される。前者が湿潤地帯あるいはオアシスと相接して農耕との関連をもつのに対し、後者は農耕地帯から隔絶していて、狩猟・漁撈との関連をもつという根本的な差違がある。トナカイ飼育がはじまる前の極北のツンドラおよびタイガ地帯では、野生トナカイの狩猟と沿海並びに河川での漁撈が住民の生活を支えていた。トナカイの飼育がはじまってもこうしたことは本質的には変りがなく、タイガ地帯では運搬用家畜としてトナカイを飼育し、ツンドラ地帯でも狩猟・漁撈の補助としてトナカイ飼育を行なった傾向がつよい。トナカイの飼育がいかにして発生したかについては、不明の点が多いが、ソ連の民族学者の見解によると乾燥地帯の牧蓄の影響の下にシベリア南部の地方にはじまった可能性がつよい。牧畜を含む中央アジアの文化がシベリアの北端まで及び、その過程でタイガ、ツンドラ地帯の狩猟・漁撈文化を同化し、狩猟・漁撈・トナカイ飼育が有機的に結びついた新しい文化が誕生したと考えられる。トナカイの棲息圏の南限を境にして、北の狩猟と結びついたトナカイ牧畜圏と南の農耕とのつながりの密接な馬羊の牧畜圏とに大体分けられる。南北にまたがるツングースについてそのことは、かなり明瞭である。しかし、シベリアにトナカイ牧畜をもたらした民族のひとつとされるツングースに関する中国の史書による研究では、かれらのトナカイ飼育は、相当古い時代にまでさかのぼる可能性があり、野生トナカイの馴化の過程の実証は、たやすくないように思われる。A normadic people is divided roughly into two groups; one who breeds horses, sheep and others in the arid region, the other reindeers in the frigid zone. These two groups have the fundamental difference; the former, contiguous to the humid region or oasis, has the relation to agriculture, and the latter, seperated from the agricultural region, to fishing and hunting. In tundra and taiga, the original culture was formed on the basis of hunting of wild reindeers and fishing on the sea and river. Even after the commencement of reindeer-breeding, this cultural pattern did not change in substance. The reindeers had a marked tendencey to be bred as a burden or draft animal in taiga and as a supplement for hunting and fishing in the tundre belt. The way how reindeer-breeding is originated has been largely unknown, but according to the Soviet ethnologists it is within the range of possibility that its origin in the southern Siberia under the influence of cattle-breeding in the arid region. The culture in the central Asia including cattle-breeding may be thought to reach the northern side, in process of development, to assimilate the fishing and hunting culture in the taiga and tundra regions, and reindeer-breeding are combined organically. The southern-most habitat of reindeers roughly divides the reindeer-breeding region with hunting in the north from the horse-sheep-breeding region with agriculture in the south; which is comparatively the case with Tungus over the north and south. Studies through the Chinese history about Tungus as a race who brought reindeerbreeding to Siberia denote the possibility tracing back to the considerably old time; it would be uneasy to corroborate the process of domestication of wild reindeers
<Article>The Geographical Conception of Siberians
No full textシベリア原住民の地理的知識がこの地方の近代的な地図の製作過程に一定の貢献をなしたことが指摘される。かれらが元来もっていた地理的な知識といわれるものの中には原始的な宇宙観あるいは空間認識が含まれており、そのような概念も地図学史ないしは地理学史上、重要な意義をもつものと考えられる。シベリアに関する民族誌学的な研究によって原住民の地理的概念をさぐって行くと、いくつかの民族の宇宙観・空間認識に共通した特徴を見出せる。それは父系氏族制社会に起源をもつ小集団が狩猟・漁撈生活を営むために形成していた領域ないしは勢力圏の状態を反映したものであることがわかる。その実態は主として河川を中心軸とする、相互の力関係によって可動的な中心地域であり、それが小集団から大集団へと階層的な圏をなしていたと見られる。近代的な地図製作過程で有意義な貢献をなしたのはシベリア各地の原住民がもっこうした各勢力圏内に関するきわめて正確な地理的知識であった。This article points out that geographical knowledges of natives in Siberia made certain contribution in the course of drawing modern maps for this district. The geographical knowledges which they are said to have originally had, contains primitive cosmological aspects or spatial recognition. It is thought that such aspects are also very significant in the history of cartography or geography. The research is made into the geographical conception of Siberians, following the ethnological study about Siberia. One character is found common in cosmological aspects of some peoples. It reflects what the territory or the sphere of the influence was then. The territory was formed for hunting and fishing by the small groups which had their origins in the paternal society. The borders might be mobile by mutual power-relations. The large territory consisted of small ones, whose axes were the branches of the river flowing in the whole big territory. It is exactly such accurate geographical knowledges concerned with each territory of Siberian natives that contributed usefully to composing modern maps
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Intraocular pressure and visual field changes in normal-tension glaucoma patients treated using either unoprostone or latanoprost: a prospective comparative study
Full text link金沢大学博士（医学）博士論文要旨Abstract 以下に掲載：Clinical Ophthalmology 11 pp.1617-1624 2017. Dovepress. 共著者：Daisuke Takemoto, Tomomi Higashide, Yoshiaki Saito, Shinji Ohkubo, Sachiko Udagawa, Hisashi Takeda, Kazuhisa Sugiyamathesi
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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