1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
THE STATE AND SOCIOECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN THE SUDAN: THE CASE OF SOCIAL CONFLICT IN SOUTHWEST KURDUFAN
No full textThis study addresses social conflict in southwest Kurdufan. It espouses historical materialist concepts. Accepting the conventional view of conflicts as ethnically-articulated, I argue that conflicts are founded upon class relations of production. More importantly, is how and why conflicts came to be what they are. Data presented stem from a view of social transformation as necessarily involving transforming relations of production, and conflicts which such changes generate.^ In southwest Kurdufan, tribalism, ethnicity, sufism, and mystic association (the prevailing ideologies of the power structure) are not regarded as false; but are real and effective forms of socio-cultural identification and avenues in which conflict is articulated. But forms of conflict may also be read as manifestations of contradictory interests: having their genesis in historical processes determined by, and explicable in terms of production relations in situations, like the Sudanese, of rapid socioeconomic changes throughout this century. Such destabilizing changes inevitably generate conflict because of the uneven and inequal distribution of wealth.^ More recently, conflicts increased due primarily to drastic shifts from accumulation based on pre-capitalist standards of status and prestige, to accumulation of private property in money, land and animals effected by imposition of capitalist production by colonialism. After independence a national client bourgeoisie controlled State power and perpetuated dependence on imperialism and indigenous exploitation. These classes are represented locally by mercantilists, provincial bureaucrats, and tribal dynastic leaders (whose interests are no longer anchored at the local level). By analysing relations by which dominant fractions exploit rural direct producers, I argue that conflict is no longer triggered primarily by intervention of animals in cultivated plots, but between pastoralists without pasture, by class fractions in land ownership disputes, and by opposition to imposition of exploitative relations by the State and its plans for capitalist development which permit intervention of international finance institutions and multinational oil companies, and which suppress rural populations under the pretext of \u27maintaining law and order\u27.
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Failed governance and political turbulence in Abyei Area of Sudan
Get PDFThis report is the result of deskwork review of two major documents, signed in 2005 on Abyei area conflict, in order to expose factors that contributed to non-implementation of Abyei Protocol and the rejection, by the Sudan government, of the Abyei Boundaries Commission Report. The main argument is that the Abyei area conflict which presents a landmark of government failure to manage sociocultural diversity in Sudan, has been generated over the ages by a complex array of overlapping historical, economic, ethnic/social, and territorial factors that have not been sufficiently addressed to date by local, national, or international actors. The conflict presents a number of issues that are still in need of careful treatment to avoid risking a return to war in the region, including: land possession and ownership, especially as it relates to shared surface resources such as pasturelands and water; the demarcation of a territorial border between the two Sudans, also linked to sovereignty claims; as well as claims to subterranean resources, such as oil and natural gas. The attitudes of the two communities, instilled by the different phases of Abyei area conflict, shaped the behavior of people: creating a constant need for patron-to-client protection, creating ethnicity-driven ideologies for self-defense, and in the end, creating fundamental rifts between the two ethnic groups
Challenges facing Sudan after referendum day 2011. Persistent and emerging conflict in the north-south borderline states
Get PDFWith the referendum on the self-determination of South Sudan scheduled for January 9, 2011, Sudan will enter the final phase covered by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005. If South Sudanese vote, as expected, in favour of independence, a new country will emerge after a final six-month transition period.
If a new war is to be averted, the two successor countries must find a basis for building relations of cooperation and collaboration rather than confrontation. They must deal with multiple post-referendum issues, including division of oil revenues, collaboration on the production and transport of oil, population movements across the border, and more. Among the most volatile issues will be disputes about borders and contested resources—especially arable land, pasture land, and water access points—in the sensitive “borderline belt” that stretches across the country from west to east.
Read Abdalbasit Saeed's referendum blog
Post-Conflict Peace-Building and Socio-Economic Integration Issues in Southwest Kordofan
Get PDFThis report is the product of desk-work which consists of 50 per cent of the workload, and a truncated field visit for only one week to Northern Lagawa Locality estimated at 25 per cent of the workload. Field activities during the field visit were obstructed by heavy rains, as mid-August coincided with the peak of the rainy season. The advantage, however, was the presence of pastoral nomads in the sandy goz and that the visit was the first one made by a researcher following the most serious contention between the Misiriya and the Nuba in May/June, just six weeks earlier. 25 per cent of the workload was spent conducting interviews and group discussions in Dellenge town and El-Obeid
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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