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2019 research outputs found
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Speaking up against EU externalisation: Activist-led migration information campaigns in Senegal
Full text linkAngola pós-dos Santos: Uma Antologia sobre Continuidade e mudança
Full text linkAgora que Angola celebra o seu 50º aniversário como nação independente, é oportuno fazer uma avaliação do estado dos assuntos políticos, sociais e económicos. Pouco mais de metade da vida do estado independente foi dominada por uma guerra civil que contestou o poder do Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola. Desde a sua victória militar em 2002, o MPLA, em comum com outros partidos governantes no continente, consolidou o seu poder para se tornar uma potência hegemónica dentro de um sistema multipartidário nominal.
Seguindo o caminho traçado pelo pai fundador Agostinho Neto (1975–1979), José Eduardo dos Santos manteve-se no poder durante 38 anos, entre guerras e paz. O foco desta antologia está no regime do terceiro presidente do MPLA, João Lourenço, eleito em 2017, reeleito em 2022 e com término previsto para 2027. As esperanças iniciais de que Lourenço pudesse vir a ser um líder transformacional e implementar reformas estruturais profundas, distanciando-se sistematicamente do seu antecessor, parecem ter sido abortadas depois de Lourenço ter obtido o controlo total do partido e das instituições de segurança. Este volume analisa os padrões de continuidade, bem como a ocorrência de mudanças em Angola após dos Santos.
A maioria dos autores pertence a uma equipa de investigação de cientistas sociais angolanos e noruegueses que trabalharam juntos durante quatro anos num programa de investigação financiado pela Embaixada da Noruega em Angola, juntamente com alguns académicos internacionais. Os 19 capítulos da antologia exploram uma série de questões agrupadas em quatro tópicos principais: a economia, o mundo rural e urbano, a governação e a responsabilidade, e o novo regime político.
Os autores oferecem percepções actualizadas sobre desenvolvimentos importantes em Angola após o fim do regime de dos Santos. Assim, este livro preenche um vácuo académico e empírico na compreensão dos desenvolvimentos recentes em Angola.
ISBN 978-82-8062-861-9 (livro
Climate Change, Conflicts and Food Security in North Darfur State, Sudan: Risks and Implications
Full text linkClimate change and the conflicts in Sudan have severely impacted food security in the North Darfur State in Western Sudan with profound risks and implications for household diets, safety, coping strategies, and overall food security levels. This research paper investigates the impact of climate variability and the conflict on food security in North Darfur State by using climate time series data over the period 2000 to 2024. The study applied the Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) to investigate drought events and the impact of drought on agricultural production was evaluated using the Standardized Variable Crop Yield (SVCY) equation. Furthermore, employing the Kobo Toolbox and Enketo Express methodology, a comprehensive survey of the internally displaced persons (IDPs) household food security was conducted amid a significant national conflict and siege on Al Fashir town and Zamzam camp. An internet-based questionnaire was designed and randomly distributed to assess the nexus between climate change, conflicts, and agricultural production on household food security. The results showed a trend of marked increases in annual precipitation and a reduction in drought intensity. However, the results indicated that climate change and conflict over the last two decades have had a negative impact on the food security status of households. Moreover, the results showed that North Darfur State experienced severe food shortages between 2000 and 2024 with more than a million people food insecure in 2024. Furthermore, we found that conflict and climate change severely affected the cultivated area, disrupted agricultural activities, disrupted markets, reduced food supply and increased food prices. The study finds that, there is urgent need for humanitarian aid to protect IDPs at risk of famine and recommends international community intervention for ceasefire, the opening of humanitarian safe corridors and the lifting of the siege of Al Fashir
Joke Wars
Full text linkThe WARFUN team is happy to present the new WARFUN Comic " Joke Wars " written by Eva Johais and drawn by Fredrik Rysjedal
Between morality and reality: Muslim students’ dilemma regarding interest-based loans in Norway
Full text linkThe act of receiving or paying of interest, known as riba, is considered a grave sin in Islam, and its prohibition is a defining principle of Islamic finance. Muslims living in predominantly non-Islamic countries face a dilemma when confronted with the problem of financing their higher education. The question of whether to take interest-based educational loans remains largely unexplored. This thesis examines cultural and religious understandings of Islam that influence Muslim students in Norway and their willingness or reluctance to take student loans. It also investigates informal financing alternatives that Muslim students consider. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach and semi-structured interviews with twelve Muslim students, the study reveals that students’ views on student loans vary from viewing them as a necessity to considering them a sin.
The key findings from this study highlight the reasons for both accepting and avoiding interest-based student loans in Norway. Through the concept of lived religion, this study finds how some Muslim students produce and reproduce Islamicness in everyday life by justifying their decision to abstain from interest-based student loans. Moreover, the study suggests that, despite being haram, student loans are a necessity for many Muslim students in Norway due to the absence of alternative Islamic financing. Similarly, the findings indicate that some Muslim students, particularly those that align with Islamic modernist perspectives, choose to take interest-based student loans, as their minority status in Norway leaves them with no viable alternatives. Given the lack of Islamic financing options in Norway, students report relying upon family and friend networks for meeting day-to-day economic needs. Ultimately, the results of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the moral and practical dilemmas that Muslim students face in balancing their religious beliefs with financial realities
Effects of jobs on ethnic switching – Evidence from a field experiment in Ethiopia
Full text linkEthnicity is a dynamic construct, with individual-level ethnic switching having been reported in numerous contexts. Ethnic switching, typically attributed to instrumental or social identity motivations, is hypothesized to be influenced by employment, as it facilitates a shift away from land-based, ethnic dependencies. However, confirming this theory is challenging due to inherent selection biases in employment. Collaborating with 27 firms across five Ethiopian regions, we randomized job offers to women. Utilizing longitudinal data spanning several years, we find that formal employment causally increases ethnic switching. In-depth qualitative interviews in the two regions with the highest incidence of switching indicate that instrumental factors, including fear during work commutes, are important mechanisms
Sustainability reporting and anti-corruption provisions: unlocking the potential for impact
Full text linkSustainability reporting can reduce corruption and enhance corporate transparency. Development cooperation organisations and sector-wide anti-corruption initiatives provide examples of how this can be done