1,721,099 research outputs found
(37(4):396-404)Effects of two Different Elevations on the Growth Characteristics, Yield and Saponin Content of Bupleurum falcatum L.
No full text進行三島柴胡育苗工作時，先篩取較大粒種子，經4─6星期低溫層育處理後再播種，將有助於在較短時間內達到較高的發芽效果。
於中海拔地區如春陽栽培柴胡，經一年、一年半及二年後根之收量為高海拔梅峰柴胡之1.27、1.13及1.45倍。
75％之遮蔭效果不佳，已顯著影響除了株高外柴胡其他性狀之表現，遮蔭柴胡之根重只為對照柴胡之42％；早植因能延長柴胡之營養生長，較有利於根部生長發育與貯藏養份，且以二月種植者較佳。
梅峰試區之土質較粘，柴胡根部之發育以支（鬚）根為主，主根只佔全根重之23％，由於支（鬚）根內含較多crude saponin，所以梅峰柴胡之根收量雖低於春陽，但saponin產量則較高，春陽柴胡根部脂質含量則顯著高於梅峰者。
梅峰及春陽柴胡地下部位根內元素含量一般高於其地上莖葉，而比較兩處柴胡根內元素含量，春陽在Mg、Na、K及P含量上依序為梅峰之2.0、2.1、1.4及1.2倍，而梅峰則在Ca、Mn及Zn含量上為春陽之1.1、2.0及1.5 倍。
This study evaluated the influence of two different elevations, i. e. Tsun-yang station of l,200m and Mei-fung station of 2,200m, on the agronomical characteristics, yield and the saponin content of B. falcatum, which is a very important and widely used medicinal herb.
Cold stratification of seeds at 0-4°C for 4 to 6 weeks significantly enhanced the germination rate and shortened germination time of the plant and was useful for seedling production. The results after two years of cultivation showed that root yield of B. falcatum after one, one and half and two years of planting at Tsun-yang area were 27%、13% and 50% higher than those of Mei-fung station, respectively. The yield data from two elevations also suggest that an optimal harvest time for B. falcatum would be those after one or two years of cultivation, depending on the cultivationsites.
75% shading significantly damaged the development of all agronomical characteristics except plant height. The root weight of the shaded plants was only 42% of that of the check. Earlier planting benefited from a longer vegetation period and caused vigorous growth.
Due to the heavier soil texture in Mei-fung plots, plants developed more adventitious roots and consequently higher crude saponin content in root than those grown in Tsun-yang. However, the fat content of root was found significantly higher in Tsun-yang than that in Mei-fung.
Contents of nine mineral elements were generally higher in root than in aboveground parts such as stems and leaves at these two altitudes. The concentrations of Mg、Na、K and P elements in root from Tsun-yang plants were 100%、110%、40% and 20% higher than those from Mei-fung, respectively, however, the contents of Ca, Mn and Zn were higher in Mei-fung plants than those at Tsun-yang station
sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345211067401 – Supplemental material for Treponema denticola Promotes OSCC Development via the TGF-β Signaling Pathway
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345211067401 for Treponema denticola Promotes OSCC Development via the TGF-β Signaling Pathway by R.T. Peng, Y. Sun, X.D. Zhou, S.Y. Liu, Q. Han, L. Cheng and X. Peng in Journal of Dental Research</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
(41(2):159-168)Studies on the Tuber Storage of Three Yam (Dioscorea alata L.) Genotypes
No full text利用網袋在14°C裹恒溫貯藏山藥之塊莖，山藥台農1號及巴西品系二種白肉山藥塊莖在第14～23週萌芽，明顯較17°C恒溫貯放者延後5～6週，其貯藏壽命雖可達34週，但塊莖肉部之腐爛率高達33％，損失頗大：紅肉山藥埔里地方品系（70R─01）貯放於14°C下雖不萌芽，但至27週即有寒害發生。於17°C恒溫貯藏時二種白肉山藥塊莖至25週時薯塊仍完整良好,70R─01於17°C下雖在11至18週期間萌芽，但萌芽率僅10％，且可繼續貯藏至26週。而室溫貯藏下三種山藥塊莖皆在第4～9週萌芽，至13週芽條長度在15cm以上，已失去經濟商品利用價值，貯藏壽命結束。故參試山藥三品（種）系較適宜之安全貯藏溫度應為17°C （RH60～70％）
貯藏期間塊莖之失重率以恒溫14°C或17°C較室溫貯藏為小，其中17°C下山藥台農1號及巴西二品（種）系經25週貯藏之失重率分別為26.6％及27.5％，而70R─01由於表皮較薄，失重率高達37.1％。
利用17°C環境及網袋貯存山藥塊莖，可顯著延後山藥塊莖之開始萌芽期及全部萌芽期，又可抑制萌芽數目及芽之繼續生長，確有延長貯藏壽命之效果。
於17°C貯存26週後，山藥台農1號塊莖之含水率及澱粉含量分別明顯下降達12.25％及4.07％巴西品系塊莖之含水率及粗蛋白含量則明顯高於山藥台農1號；此外，二種白肉山藥塊莖之粘度值於17°C貯放26週後均明顯較山藥台農1號之新鮮塊莖為高，且塊莖肉質之純白度亦未稍減。
The effect of temperature on the tuber storage life and quality of three Yam lines was investigated. Experimental results indicated that for the two white-flesh genotypes, Tainung No. 1 and Brazilian Yam, stored at 14°C in netted bags, tuber sprouting occurred at 14-23 weeks after storage, or 5-6 weeks later as compared with the storage treatment of 17°C. The rotting rate could reach 33% if storage at 14°C was prolonged to 34 weeks. For the red-flesh genotype 70R-01, no sprouting was recorded when stored at 14°C, however, severe chilling injury occurred after 27 weeks in storage, When storage temperature was elevated to 17°C, both Tainung No.1 and Brazilian Yam remained unsprouted after 25 weeks. Tubers of the line 70R-01 could also be stored for 26 weeks without significant decrease in quality and economic value although a 10% sprouting rate was observed between 11 and 18 weeks in storage. All the three genotypes showed sprouting between the 4th and 9th weeks if stored at room temperature, with marked decrease in economic value at the 13th week. It is therefore recommended that the appropriate storage temperature for the three Yam genotypes is 17°C.
The weight lose percentage of stored tubers was lower at 14 or 17°C than that at room temperature. The weight loss percentages were 26.6 and 27.5%, respectively, for Tainung No. 1 and Brazilian yam after 26 weeks in storage at 17°C. The value was 37.1% for 70R-01 due to its thinner skin as compared to the other two genotypes. After 26 weeks of storage at 17°C, decreases in contents of water and starch in tubers of Tainung No.1 were, respectively, 12.25 and 4.07%. Brazilian yam had higher contents of water and crude protein than Tainung No.1 after storage under the same condition. For tubers of the two white-flesh genotypes, storage for 26 weeks at 17°C resulted in higher viscosity while the meat color remained unchanged. In conclusion, both the storage life and quality of yam tubers could be maintained at 17°C. It is therefore suggested as an ideal storage method for commercial purpose
(41(1):53-60)Comparisons on the Agronomic Characteristics, Tuber Yield and Quality of Mai-Men-Tung Lines (Ophiopogon spp.)
No full text本試驗利用五種麥門冬品系：57─Ml、57─M2、57─M3、57─M4及57─M5，自民國77年2月起利用分株法定植田間，至78年5月止，於本所進行5個不同生長時期之調查與比較，以探討麥門冬品系間之生長特性、產量及品質之差異。試驗結果如下：
於不同生長時期麥門冬品系間之株高、分蘗數、葉與花之性狀、及塊根之性狀與產量等互有差異，而以57─M4及57─M5二品系在株高、分蘗數、葉長及塊根產量等性狀之表現較為優異。
單株平均塊根乾重以57─M4最高，每公頃收量達9,900kg；57─M5次之，每公頃收量為3,700kg，皆顯著高於其他品系。此外，另參考塊根之礦物質、還原糖及澱粉等成分含量，初步證實57─M4與57─M5應為最具發展潛力之麥門冬品系。
Five lines of mai-men-tung, i. e., 57-Mi, 57-M2, 57-M3, 57-M4, and 57-M5 were compared for their agronomic characteristics and tuber differences to select a higher yield and quality line. Experiment was conducted from 1988 to 1989 at TART. Experimental results indicated that there were significant differences in performances of plant height, tiller number, leaf and flower characteristics and tuber yield measured at five growth durations among lines. Lines of 57-M4 and 57-M5 were superior in plant height, tiller number, and leaf length to other lines. Mean yield of dry tuber of 57-M4(9,900 kg/ha) was the highest, followed by 57-M5(3,700kg/ha). By comparing the measured agronomic characteristics, tuber yield and chemical compositions, it was suggested that 57-M4 and 57-M5 were the most promising lines of mai-men-tung for future research usage
(36(3):258-266)Studies on the Improvement of Seed Germination of Bupleurum falcatum L.
No full text發芽起始日數長及發芽不整齊為柴胡發芽特性之一，本研究主要探討改良柴胡發芽勢之方法及適合之發芽溫度，其結果如下：柴胡可在pH值4至9之蒸餾水添加液中順利發芽，其發芽溫度以16℃較為恰當，20℃以上則有明顯的抑制現象。日夜溫差有利於柴胡發芽，當夜溫16-20℃而日溫24-28℃時有明顯的促進作用，但低夜溫(12℃或以下)較不適宜，顯示柴胡之播種期在秋末冬初或冬末春初較為恰當。硝酸鉀(0.2，1.0%)溶液對柴胡發芽有不良影響，激勃素(GA3)1000,500ppm與細胞分裂素(Kinetin) l00, 50, l0ppm單獨或混合浸種24小時，對柴胡發芽並無促進作用，但經流水浸種後浸泡於激勃素1000, 100ppm24小時，有增進發芽率的現象，此外單獨應用流水浸種處理亦可促進柴胡之發芽，而柴胡之種子浸出液有延遲發芽及降低發芽率等現象，顯示浸種處理有洗濾柴胡種子之發芽抑制物質的效果。低溫層育(0-4℃)對柴胡之胚發育及發芽有明顯的促進作用；經8星期層育後，其胚長度增為對照之3倍，且到達最終發芽總數9/10(T90)的時間縮短至4天左右較對照之15天明顯快速，且高溫(24℃)亦可促進較長期的層育種子早日發芽而不再是限制因子。柴胡發芽率亦因低溫層育而增加，但6-8星期之層育有降低發芽率的趨勢。
Bupleurum falcatum L. is an important medicina species under the family of Umbelliferae. Physiological immature embryo in the seeds of this family generally require an after-ripening period to germinate. The purposes of this experiment were to find ways to improve the germinating vigor of this species. Optimal temperatures for the germination of B. falcatum L. seeds were 16℃ followed by 20℃. Germination rates at the two temperatures were 80 and 65.5% and days needed to 50% germination of final rates (T-50) were 10.9 and 10.5, respectively. Alternating day/night temperatures accelerated seed germination. Night temperature of 16 or 20℃ and difference between day and night temperatures of 8 and 12℃ were particularly effective. Presoaking seeds in running tap water for 4 days could increase germination rate significantly at 24℃, presumably the result of leaching out some inibitory substances from the seeds. Soaking the seeds in GA-3 (500 or l,000ppm) and/or kinetin (10, 50 or l00ppm) solutions or addition of potassium nitrate (0.2 or 1.0%) to the germination medium showed no positive effect on the germination performance of B. falcatum seeds. Cold stratification at 0-4℃, on the other hand, was of prominent importance in improving seed germination. After eight-week cold stratification, embryo length was three times longer than that of the untreated check treatment and time needed to reach T-90 was only 4 days, or 11 days shorter than the check. Cold stratification for eight weeks also enable seeds to germinate even at the unfavorable high temperature of 24℃. Germination rate also increased as a result. The most suitable duration of cold stratification was found to be four weeks
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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