342 research outputs found
Association between CYP2C19 polymorphism and proton pump inhibitors adverse drug reactions: a narrative review
No full textProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed medications for the management of acid-related disorders, due to their effectiveness and favorable pharmacokinetics. However, the occurrence and severity of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients using PPIs, particularly in relation to their association with CYP2C19 polymorphisms, are of great concern. This association has largely been investigated through observational studies, which have shown conflicting or weak findings. Therefore, this review aims to examine the current evidence regarding the long-term ADRs of PPIs and their link to CYP2C19 variants
Experimental study on lateral strength of wall-slab joint subjected to lateral cyclic load
No full textChild Poverty in Rural Nigeria
No full textChildren are the most susceptible to poverty and it often directly affects them through access to sanitation, education, health, water, food and shelter. Poverty among them is however usually assessed using indicators such as income and expenditure which often do not reveal the extent of deprivation among them. This study investigates the extent of poverty among under five children in rural Nigeria and its distribution across household wealth status. The study used the 2013 DHS data. The Alkire and Foster counting approach was used to generate poverty profiles among the children while descriptive statistics was used to assess their distribution. The results revealed a significant level of poverty among the children and poor children were found in all classes of household poverty. The North-west and North-east had highest proportion of non poor children from extremely poor and moderately poor households, respectively while the South-south had the highest proportion of extremely poor and moderately poor children from non poor households. The study recommended that specific policies targeting deprivations suffered by children should be used to address child poverty. Keywords: Rural Households; Child poverty index; deprivation intensity; Alkire and Foster counting approac
Comparison of stratified diagonal ranked set sampling and stratified simple random sampling estimators
No full textStratified Diagonal Ranked Set Sampling (SDRSS) was compared with Stratified Simple Random Sampling (SSRS) for estimating the unknown population mean. Simulated data generated twice were used to check the performance of SDRSS for estimating the mean and variance. The selected diagonal elements for the first and second independentlysimulated data were stratified into two strata using students’ performance as a stratifying factor each with stratum sample size of 10 and 14 for the first data set, also 11 and 13 for the second data set. Statistical properties of SDRSS and SSRS were examined. The mean square error for SDRSS in the first and second data sets were smaller compared to SSRS. Hence SDRSS is more efficient than SSRS
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORFORMANCE IN SELECTED LISTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES, NIGERIA
No full textThis study examines the effect of ownership structure on organizational performance in selected listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study incorporated survey research design. Big five (5) listed manufacturing companies were arbitrarily drawn from the population using judgmental sampling procedure. The sources of data employed were primary and secondary data. The primary data was through questionnaire while the secondary data was obtained through the company’s annual financial report between the periods of 2013 – 2017. The instrument used was validated; Cronbach Alpha method of reliability was employed to test the internal consistency of the instruments. The data collected were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The coefficient value of 0.815 revealed that the instruments were reliable against the targeted threshold of 0.7. The statistical method used for this study was a regression (r2) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the individual coefficient and the mean value of the variables correlated. The findings revealed that the estimated model has a weak estimating control. Since about 99.3% of outcomes of performance were unaccounted by the model. Hence, this captured the error term in the model with the Durbin-Watson value of 1.418 which was an indication of the absence of autocorrelation in this model. Based on these findings, the study, therefore, recommends that the stakeholders should expediently adhere to corporate governance principles as its implementation lead to an increase in organization performance
Reasons for day of surgery cancellations: Identifying trends to improve efficiency
No full textAuthor(s) Pre Print Version Only. 12 Month Embargo on Post print. No PDFThe percentage of cancelled elective operations is a key performance indictor (KPI) of a hospital's performance [1]. NHS England mandates that all NHS Trusts report the number of non-clinical last minute cancellations [2]. Hospitals are not mandated to report the number of clinical cancellations. We retrospectively audited the number and reasons for clinical and non-clinical cancellations at Royal Derby Hospital (RDH), a large district general hospital. Methods This was a retrospective audit of all clinical and non-clinical cancellations at RDH from 1 April 2015 to 31 March 2016 using validated data from Information Governance cross-referenced with entries recorded in Operation Room Management Information System (ORMIS) and electronic cases notes to assess the reasons for cancellation and identify trends. Results A total of 34,922 elective operations occurred in the audited period. Of these, 906 days of surgery cancellations were identified after analysis: 443 clinical cancellations, 427 non-clinical and 36 patient cancellations occurring on the day of surgery were identified. Reasons for clinical cancellations were pre-existing medical conditions 36% (159), acute illness 34% (152), and patient unfit for surgery 12% (53), operation not necessary 10% (46) and pre-op advice not followed 7% (33). Lack of staff and lack of time accounted for 35% each (150 and 148) of non-clinical cancellations followed by lack of beds 11% (42), lack of equipment 7% (30) and administrative error 5% (22). Twenty patients were not treated within 28 days of a last minute cancellation. The overall rates for both clinical and non-clinical cancellations were both 1.2%. Discussion Percentage day of surgery cancellations at RDH for non-clinical reasons were below the national average [3]. Quality can be improved by optimising management of pre-existing conditions and pre-op advice via current pre-operative assessment clinics. Increased collaboration with GPs and surgeons ensuring all required investigations are completed and results available is paramount to ensure the operation is still required. Lack of staff, beds and time limit efficient theatre utilisation were further reasons for cancellations [1]. The number of dedicated NCEPOD theatres at RDH should be increased at times of high demand. Inconsistencies in how cancellations had been coded resulted in duplication and misclassification. Training, allocating specific staff for data entry and modifications to pre-existing cancellation reasons will ensure reliable and accurate data capture. (Figure Presented)
Muslim’s Participation in Non-Muslim Burial Rites: The Position of Islam
No full textConsidering the modern realities and the need to promote interfaith relations, which would in turn engender peaceful coexistence among people of various faiths, tribes, and cultures, this paper explored the permissibility of Muslims participating in funeral rites of a non-Muslim without compromising the fundamental Islamic principles, most especially as clearly spelt out in the Qur’an and Sunnah. Some of these non-Muslim burial rites, inter alia, are filing past a dead non-Muslim lying in state, following the corpse to the cemetery, entering the church, etc. The paper scrutinized the article previously released by the lead author as the Head of the Da\u27wah Office and Chief Missioner of Nasrul-Lahi-l-fatih Society (NASFAT), employing qualitative methods (textual analysis) and MIA (Meaning, Implication, and Application) analysis traced to Sheikh Ahmad Lemu (RA) to analyse key relevant texts. The findings show that, apart from the clear textual prohibition of praying for a dead non-Muslim, there is no clear evidence against other rites, rather there are hadiths permitting some aspects such as following the corpse following the corpse to the grave yard, burying the body and paying condolences visit to the family. In conclusion, while the Islamic principles of fostering family, neighborhood and societal harmony permits Muslims to participates in certain aspects of Christian burial rites, a Muslim must not transgress to the prohibited acts such as praying for or on the corpse
The impacts of enterprise resource planning system adoption on firm's performance among medium size enterprises
No full textThe main objective of this study is to investigate the impacts of ERP system adoption on the relationship between performance of medium enterprises (PME) and communication process (CP), organization structure (OS), technological change (TC), and technology infrastructure support (TIS) and moderated by top management support. This study proposes a theoretical framework based on theories such as resource-based view, contingency theory, and diffusion of innovation. The data was collected from the medium-sized enterprise firms operating in South Western Nigeria. Out of the 658 questionnaires distributed, only 355 were useable. The empirical data was analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling and the results showed that CP, OS, TC, TIS, ERP and TMS have significant direct relationship with the PME. Hence, ERP system adoption mediates the relationship between the CP, OS, TC, and TIS with PME. The findings show that CP, OS, TC, TIS will influence the performance of medium enterprises in the adoption of ERP. The findings also confirm that the top management support plays an important role in moderating the relationship between ERP and PME. The findings provide important insights to CEO, managers, policymakers and researchers to understand the important use of ERP system that will enhance the performance of medium-sized enterprise organizations in Nigeria. Limitation of the study is based on medium-sized enterprise only and another limitation is that author has not included other measures of medium sized enterprises performance outside of the procurement area despite these factors could provide further insights to medium sized enterprises performance, and will be an interesting topic for future research. In this light, future research can focus on the evolution of small enterprises and large firms
Factors affecting enterprise resource planning adoption on firms’ performance among medium-sized enterprises.
No full textEmpirical evidence suggests that the adoption of ERP facilitates organizational processes and activities including sales, billing, marketing, human resource management, quality control and production, which in turns, could ensure general performance. This study proposes a theoretical framework that identified factors that affecting ERP system adoption among medium-sized enterprise firms, such as organizational culture, technology infrastructures support / quality of internet and top management support. The present study also applied resource based value and contingency theories to explain the factors that affect ERP system adoption. In this study, the proposed theoretical framework has been formulated based on data obtained from a newly developed questionnaire. The sets of questionnaire were distributed to one hundred and four (104) medium-sized enterprises firms in Ogun State, Nigeria. CEO / director and managers were selected as the key respondents of the questionnaire. The empirical data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling. The result obtained revealed that both organizational culture and top management support significantly influence the adoption of the ERP system to improve the performance of medium-sized enterprises firms. In this regard, technology infrastructure support has no significant relationship with ERP system adoption. The outcomes of this study are useful for firms adapting ERP as they would be able to strategize future ERP system implementation in different sectors, such as education, and large firms in general. One limitation of the study is its small sample size. Moreover, the author has not included other measures of medium sized enterprises performance outside of the procurement area despite these factors could provide further insights to medium sized enterprises performance, and will be an interesting topic for future research
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