1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi transformed with marker genes as a tool for studying resistance in Dianthus
No full textFusarium oxysporum Schlechtend:Fr. f. sp. dianthi (Prill. & Delacr.) W. C. Snyd. & H. N. Hans. (Fod), the causal agent of a vascular disease known as Fusarium wilt, represents the most important pathogen of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), causing severe yield losses in susceptible cultivars. The pathogen is present in the soil profile in which carnation roots are distributed. Various biological races of Fod are currently known on the basis of their selective virulence against different carnation cultivars. In Italy, as in the rest of Europe, race 2 of the pathogen is the most prevalent1. The most important factor influencing wilt development is the cultivar resistance; different carnation cultivars are known to show from low to high levels of resistance against the different races of Fod.
Reporter proteins as Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) and the Red Fluorescent Protein (DsRedFP) have been previously used to follow interactions of filamentous fungi with other organisms2 3. In this work, a highly pathogenic F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (Fod) strain has been transformed with genes coding for GFP and DsRedFP, as a tool to evaluate the colonization process and localize the pathogen in the root structure of carnation plants. Expression of both proteins resulted in bright green or red cytoplasmic fluorescence of mycelium when observed under fluorescent light. Stable transformants, selected on the basis of brightness and stability of fluorescence, were inoculated on roots of a partially resistant cultivar of carnation. Root and vessel colonization was evaluated, at regular times, by fluorescent microscopic observation of plant tissue sections. Autofluorescence of the carnation root was very high at the emission wavelength of the DsRed-Express so it was not possible to distinguish infecting hyphae within plant tissues. GFP transformed Fod was easily visualized on and within root tissues. The fungus invades the root apex without any preferential entry point and its growth seems to proceed randomly in the sub-apical zone. The hyphae are confined within the vascular cylinder by the endodermis cells beginning from the zone of differentiation of vascular tissues and are able to grow inside vessels.
The availability of a marked F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi strain allows the monitoring of carnation root colonisation and may be a powerful tool for studying resistance processes easily and accurately. Furthermore the possibility to follow plant-microbe interactions can help in defining biological control measures by beneficial antagonistic microorganisms
Use of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi transformed with marker genes to follow colonization of carnation roots
No full textA highly pathogenic F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (Fod) strain has been transformed with genes coding for the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) and the Red Fluorescent Protein (DsRedFP). Expression of GFP and DsRedFP resulted in bright green or red cytoplasmic fluorescence of mycelium when observed under fluorescent light. Stable transformants, selected on the basis of brightness and stability of fluorescence, were inoculated on roots of a partially resistant cultivar of carnation. Root and vessel colonization was evaluated, at regular times, by fluorescent microscopic observation of plant tissue sections. Autofluorescence of the carnation root was very high at the emission wavelength of the DsRed-Express, so that it was not possible to distinguish infecting hyphae within plant tissues. GFP transformed Fod was easily visualized on and within root tissues. The fungus invades the root tip and its growth seems to proceed randomly in the sub-apical zone. The hyphae are confined within the vascular cylinder by the endodermis cells beginning from the zone of differentiation of vascular tissues and are able to grow inside vessels
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
