1,721,061 research outputs found
Environmental catalysis: trends and outlook
No full textEnvironmental catalysis has continuously grown in importance over the last 2 decades not only in terms of the worldwide catalyst market, but also as a driver of advances in the whole area of catalysis. The development of innovative "environmental" catalysts is also the crucial factor towards the objective of developing a new sustainable industrial chemistry. In the last decade, considerable expansion of the traditional area of environmental catalysis (mainly NOx removal from stationary and mobile sources, and VOC conversion) has also occurred. New areas include: (i) catalytic technologies for liquid or solid waste reduction or purification; (ii) use of catalysts in energy-efficient catalytic technologies and processes; (iii) reduction of the environmental impact in the use or disposal of catalysts; (iv) new eco-compatible refinery, chemical or non-chemical catalytic processes; (v) catalysis for greenhouse gas control; (vi) use of catalysts for user-friendly technologies and reduction of indoor pollution; (vii) catalytic processes for sustainable chemistry; (viii) reduction of the environmental impact of transport. Therefore, a significant change has occurred in the last decade in the areas of interest regarding environmental catalysts and in the modality of approaching the research. This review, based on but not limited to the workshop "Environmental Catalysis: A Step Forward" (Maiori, Italy, May 2001), introduces the proceedings of this workshop reported in this issue of Catalysis Today and has the objective of providing an overview to the topic and setting the basis for a step forward in environmental catalysis research. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Environmental Catalysis. Trends and Outlooks
No full textEnvironmental catalysis has continuously grown in importance over the last 2 decades not only in terms of the worldwide
catalyst market, but also as a driver of advances in the whole area of catalysis. The development of innovative “environmental”
catalysts is also the crucial factor towards the objective of developing a new sustainable industrial chemistry. In the last decade,
considerable expansion of the traditional area of environmental catalysis (mainly NOx removal from stationary and mobile
sources, and VOC conversion) has also occurred. New areas include: (i) catalytic technologies for liquid or solid waste
reduction or purification; (ii) use of catalysts in energy-efficient catalytic technologies and processes; (iii) reduction of the
environmental impact in the use or disposal of catalysts; (iv) new eco-compatible refinery, chemical or non-chemical catalytic
processes; (v) catalysis for greenhouse gas control; (vi) use of catalysts for user-friendly technologies and reduction of
indoor pollution; (vii) catalytic processes for sustainable chemistry; (viii) reduction of the environmental impact of transport.
Therefore, a significant change has occurred in the last decade in the areas of interest regarding environmental catalysts and
in the modality of approaching the research. This review, based on but not limited to the workshop “Environmental Catalysis:
A Step Forward” (Maiori, Italy, May 2001), introduces the proceedings of this workshop reported in this issue of Catalysis
Today and has the objective of providing an overview to the topic and setting the basis for a step forward in environmental
catalysis research
Sustainable Industrial Chemistry. Principles, Tools and Industrial Examples.
No full textIn recent years the need for sustainable process design and alternative reaction routes to reduce industry's impact on the environment has gained vital importance. The book begins with a general overview of new trends in designing industrial chemical processes which are environmentally friendly and economically feasible. Specific examples written by experts from industry cover the possibilities of running industrial chemical processes in a sustainable manner and provide an up-to-date insight into the main concerns, e.g., the use of renewable raw materials, the use of alternative energy sources in chemical processes, the design of intrinsically safe processes, microreactor and integrated reaction/ separation technologies, process intensification, waste reduction, new catalytic routes and/or solvent and process optimization
Direct synthesis of H2O2 on monometallic and bimetallic catalytic membranes using methanol as reaction medium
No full textTubular catalytic membranes (TMCs) active in the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide were prepared, characterized, and tested using
methanol as the reaction medium. Low hydrogen peroxide selectivity was found when only palladium was used as a catalyst, whereas palladium/
platinum bimetallic samples gave higher productivity and selectivity, with an optimum molar ratio of 18. The H2O2 decomposition rate is
influenced by the feed gases. O2 improves H2O2 stability, whereas H2 causes hydrogen peroxide to decompose at a higher rate. The most likely
decomposition pathway should be the reduction of H2O2 to water by H2. Bromide ion was used as a promoter and when used in excess (60 ppm)
causes a decrease in overall catalytic activity.
2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
6. Synthesis of propene oxide: a successful example of sustainable industrial chemistry
No full textThis chapter describes the conventional, the recently developed and the innovative technologies aimed at the production of propene oxide. The different routes are compared in terms of process sustainability. For each process, the reaction mechanism, the catalyst characteristics and the reactor/plant technology are described, with the aim of providing an overview of possible future implementations aimed at the development of a more sustainable chemical industry
Introducing green metrics early in process development. Comparative assessment of alternative industrial routes to Elliott’s alcohol, a key intermediate in the production of resmethrins.
No full textA comparative assessment between two alternative routes to Elliot’s alcohol, an industrial intermediate in the preparation of pyrethroids of the resmethrin family, is presented in this section. This assessment is made with the aid of the EATOS tool and takes into consideration both the masses (E-factor) as well as environmental impact of the substances employed and released by the processes (Sheldon’s Q)
7. Synthesis of adipic acid: on the way to more sustainable production
No full textThis chapter describes the conventional, the recently developed and the innovative technologies aimed at the production of adipic acid. The different routes are compared in terms of process sustainability. For each process, the reaction mechanism, the catalyst characteristics and the reactor/plant technology are described, with the aim of providing an overview of possible future implementations aimed at the development of a better sustainability for the chemical industry
The role of oxygen vacancies in zirconia on the dispersion, stabilization and reactivity in the presence of O2 of supported Rh particles
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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