662 research outputs found
Women's experiences with tailored use of a combined oral contraceptive: a qualitative study
No full textSTUDY QUESTION What are women's experiences with tailored use of combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs)?SUMMARY ANSWER Some women reported very positive experiences with tailored use of COCPs, others did not like the unpredictability about when they would bleed and some women reported increased anxiety about possible pregnancy. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY While many studies have investigated views toward extended use of COCPs, little research has examined women's actual experiences with these regimens. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This was a semi-structured qualitative interview study that was part of a larger randomized trial of a standard (21 daily pills followed by a 7-day pill-free interval) versus a tailored regimen (daily pills until 3-consecutive-day bleeding triggers a 3-day pill-free interval) of Microgynon 30® mcg (Ethinyl estradiol 30 mcg, Levonorgestrel 150 mcg). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHODS Interviews were conducted with 26 women (17 in the tailored group and 9 who switched their assigned treatment group) . Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Women discussed positive changes associated with tailored use of COCPs, as well as some negative consequences. The major themes identified in the interview data were: ease of tailored regimen; changes in cycle-related symptoms; adjustment to reduced/absent bleeding and unpredictability about bleeding. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The sample comprised mainly young, nulliparous women. The majority of women were using COCPs at the start of the study. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Clinicians discussing extended-use regimes with patients should mention that women may need time to adjust to an extended-use regime. Future research should attempt to identify predictors of response to extended use of COCPs.<br/
On the recovery of a foetus from a sperm whale Physeter macrqcephalus Linnaeus stranded at Chetlat island, Lakshadweep
No full textThough James and Panicker (1990) listed the
strandings of the sperm whale 17 times from the Indian
Seas no foetus was found in any of them. Usually sperm
whales stranded are cut open to see whether any ambergris
is present. 'IKs is the first time that a foetus was found in
the body of a sperm whale stmided from the Indian Seas
A note on nest building behaviour of wild boar (Sus scrofa linnaeus)
No full textThough James and Panicker (1990) listed the
strandings of the sperm whale 17 times from the Indian
Seas no foetus was found in any of them. Usually sperm
whales stranded are cut open to see whether any ambergris
is present. This is the fust time that a foetus was found in
the body of a sperm whale stranded from the Indian Seas
Not Available
No full textNot AvailableThough James and Panicker (1990) listed the
strandings of the sperm whale 17 times from the Indian
Seas no foetus was found in any of them. Usually sperm
whales stranded are cut open to see whether any ambergris
is present. 'IKs is the first time that a foetus was found in
the body of a sperm whale stmided from the Indian Seas.Not Availabl
Not Available
No full textNot AvailableThough James and Panicker (1990) listed the
strandings of the sperm whale 17 times from the Indian
Seas no foetus was found in any of them. Usually sperm
whales stranded are cut open to see whether any ambergris
is present. This is the fust time that a foetus was found in
the body of a sperm whale stranded from the Indian Seas.Not Availabl
Nuclear organization of mouse Hox cluster paralogs during mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation to neural stem cell:
No full textIn this project we use Hox genes as a genetic tool to understand how nuclear architecture regulates cell differentiation during embryonic development. Hox genes come under the category of homeobox genes, a highly evolutionarily conserved group of genes with an important role during embryogenesis. Hox genes are located on 4 distinct chromosomes, in cluster paralogs (HOX A, B, C, D). Each individual cluster contains up to 13 homologous genes and corresponding genes on different clusters (e.g., HoxA13, HoxD13) exhibit varying degrees of functional redundancy. The position of a gene in the cluster is related to its spatiotemporal pattern of expression along the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo. The coordination of the spatiotemporal expression of equivalent paralog group genes on different clusters/chromosomes is coordinated is still not known. Our primary hypothesis is that nuclear architecture defines a regulatory framework of Hox cluster loci in the nucleus when the Hox cluster transcription is activated and maintained. We did a comparative analysis on the Hox cluster nuclear architecture in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and fibroblast growth factors (FGF) - induced differentiation to neural stem cells (NSC). We show for the first time that Hox gene expression is induced by FGF treatment in vitro simultaneously in the four Hox cluster. Using three-dimensional confocal fluorescence microscopy, FISH and computational techniques, we mapped the position of Hox gene cluster paralogs in individual nuclei of both cell types. We did not observe nuclear colocalization of Hox heterologous cluster in NSC. However, we observe that heterologous clusters tend to occupy similar nuclear domains in NSC, which may favor undetected long-range gene interactions. Nevertheless, our results indicate that Hox gene cluster nuclear three-dimensional organization is neither random nor correlated to the changes in nuclear volume and shape that parallel cell differentiation.M.S.Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-55)by Priya Panicke
Nomegestrol acetate/17-beta estradiol: a review of efficacy, safety, and patient acceptability
No full textHannat Akintomide, Sabeena Panicker Sexual and Reproductive Health, Central and North West London NHS Trust, Margaret Pyke Centre, London, UK Abstract: Nomegestrol acetate (NOMAC) 2.5 mg with 17-beta estradiol (E2) 1.5 mg is a new combined oral contraceptive (COC) formulation and is the first monophasic E2 pill to be marketed, having been licensed for use in Europe in 2011. It is available to be taken daily in a regimen of 24 active pills followed by four placebo pills. NOMAC is a highly selective 19-nor progestogen derivative with specific binding to progesterone receptors, anti-estrogenic activity and no androgenic, mineralocorticoid nor glucocorticoid effects. E2 is an estrogen that is identical to endogenous estrogen. While it has been in use for only a short period of time, current evidence suggests that NOMAC/E2 is just as effective, safe, and acceptable as existing COC preparations. Two large Phase III trials conducted in the Americas and across Europe, Australia, and Asia showed lower cumulative pregnancy rates in the NOMAC/E2 groups compared to the drospirenone (DRSP) 3 mg in combination with ethinyl estradiol (EE) 30 µg (DRSP/EE) groups but this difference was not statistically significant. NOMAC/E2 exhibits a good safety profile and has less effects on cardiovascular risk, hemostatic, metabolic, and endocrine factors in comparison to COCs containing EE in combination with levonorgestrel (LNG) or DRSP. NOMAC/E2 has also been found to cause less breast cell proliferation when compared to E2 alone and has some anti-proliferative effect on human breast cancer cells. NOMAC/E2 is considered acceptable as its compliance, continuation rates, and bleeding patterns were similar to COCs containing DRSP/EE and LNG 150 µg combined with EE 30 µg or LNG 100 µg combined with EE 20 µg (LNG/EE). However, discontinuation was found to be slightly higher in the NOMAC/E2 groups in the two large Phase III trials comparing NOMAC/E2 use with DRSP/EE. As the scientific literature has limited information on NOMAC/E2, further experience with NOMAC/E2 is required. Keywords: nomegestrol acetate, estradiol, efficacy, safety, acceptabilit
Status of Fermented Dairy Products in India Safety and Spoilage Aspects
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Microbial quality of Dahi and Challenge Studies
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Radiative Forcing of Carbonaceous Aerosols over Two Urban Environments in Northern India Abhilash S. Panicker , Rathod Aditi, Gufran Beig, Kaushar Ali, Fabien Solmon
No full textThe radiative forcing of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) has been estimated over two urban environments in Northern India (Jabalpur [JBL] and Udaipur [UDPR]) from November 2011 till November 2012 (till September 2012 over Jabalpur). The elemental carbon concentrations reached 7.36 ± 1.99 µg m–3 over JBL and were as high as 10.78 ± 4.85 µg m–3 over UDPR, whereas the corresponding OC concentrations were much higher in different months (as high as 19.37 ± 12.6 µg m–3 over JBL and 39.71 ± 13.05 µg m–3 over UDPR). The radiative forcing for OC and EC has been estimated using an optical model along with a radiative transfer model. The surface OC radiative forcing was found to range from –2.19 ± 1.93 W m–2 to –3.083 ± 2.29 W m–2 over JBL and –1.97 ± 1.37 to –5.89 ± 2.17 W m–2 over UDPR, whereas the estimated top of the atmosphere (TOA) forcing ranged from –0.87 ± 0.49 to –1.87 ± 0.90 W m–2 over JBL and from –1.23 ± 0.31 to –3.44 ± 1.51 W m–2 over UDPR. However, the effect of EC forcing (as high as –21.75 W m–2 at the surface of and +6.3 W m–2 at TOA over JBL and –38.21 W m–2 at the surface of and +5.05 W m–2 at TOA over UDPR) was found to be more than tenfold higher than OC forcing due to its strong atmospheric absorption, in spite of much lower concentrations compared to OC
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