125 research outputs found
Interview with Vladimir M. Alpatov
No full textThis paper is an interview with Vladimir M. Alpatov, Doctor of Philology, full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, distinguished linguist, and expert on Japanese studies. The focus of the interview is intercultural communication and the problems associated with translating languages and cultural realities. The difference between cultures makes it necessary to provide extensive commentaries to make the text comprehensive to foreign readers. Though, Vladimir M. Alpatov notes, the comments depend on the purposes and types of translation, such as academic or literary translation. Symbols are part of a greater symbolic and cultural system. Often it is not the symbol but one’s attitude towards the object that causes misunderstanding and requires clarification. Vladimir A. Alpatov gives many examples of how the Japanese view and treat life differently from Russian people. Many discrepancies come from domestic life and economic practices: the Japanese are less knowledgeable about cattle than many other nations. At the same time, insects that are found all around the world receive special treatment and admiration. Vladimir A. Alpatov makes a critical point on the absence of a proper method of studying cultural differences. We observe and list numerous cultural differences, but explanations and theories we come up with have no solid methodological basis. Another topic discussed is machine translation and AI Linguistics used to be considered exact science that implied the possibility of machine translation not assisted by humans. However, it did not happen yet, and the need for human-to-human translation or post-editing is obvious. With literary translation and translation from unrelated languages, the case against AI is stronger — human intuition in translating cultural specifics is indispensable, and various translations rather than a single canonic one should be welcome. Differentiation of sciences brought about cultural studies and linguistic-cultural studies that finally embraced the study of language as one of the vital elements of culture. Today many students study foreign languages and are interested in intercultural communication. They need to learn that we can overcome bias and prejudices through personal contact. One more way to promote a different vision of one’s culture and country — is to speak about it in an understandable language, for example, on the Internet
Forgó mágneses mező (RMF) által indukált olvadékáramlás hatása egyirányúan kristályosodott Al–7wt.% Si-ötvözet mezo- és mikroszerkezetére – Benchmark-kísérlet mágneses keveréssel
No full textMásodközlés – Eredeti közlemény:The effect of melt flow induced by RMF on the meso- and micro-structure of unidirectionally solidified Al–7wt.% Si alloy – Benchmark experiment under magnetic stirring Zs. Veres, A. Roósz, A. Rónaföldi, A. Sycheva, M. Svéda*Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 103 (2022) 197–208., 12 p.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2021.06.060Az elmúlt két évtizedben számos programot fejlesztettek ki a formaöntvények, az acél- és az alumíniumötvözetek folyamatos öntése során végbemenő kristályosodási folyamatának szimulálására. A szimulációk validálásához pontosan ismert körülmények között végzett kísérletek szükségesek. A kutatás célja adatok szolgáltatása a szimulációk validálásához. Egyirányú kristályosodási kísérleteket végeztünk forgó mágneses mezővel (Rotated Magnetic Field, RMF) létrehozott olvadékáramlásnak az Al–7 t% Si-ötvözet kristályosodott mezo- és mikroszerkezetére való hatásának tanulmányozására. A minták első és harmadik 1/3 részét mágneses keverés nélkül, a második (középső) 1/3 részét mágneses keveréssel kristályosítottuk. A mágneses indukció 10 mT, a hőmérsékletigradiens ~7 K/mm, a minta mozgási sebessége 0,1 mm/s volt. A minta hosszmetszetén az oszlopos/ekviaxiális átmenetet (Columnar Equiaxed Transition, CET), az ekviaxiális/oszlopos átmenetet (Equiaxed Columnar Transition, ECT), a szekunder dendritágtávolságot (SDAS) és a makrosdúsulást (koncentrációeloszlást és az eutektikum mennyiségét) vizsgáltuk. A primer dendritágtávolságot (Primary Dendrite Arm Spacing, PDAS) és a szemcseszerkezetet színes maratás után a próba keresztmetszetén vizsgáltuk
Characteristics of the catalogue according to the KNET network (Northern Tian Shan)
No full textVarious characteristics of the catalogue obtained from the data of the KNET network, containing the parameters of more than 10,000 earthquakes that occurred from 1994 to 2020, are considered. A statistical analysis of the number of P- and S-waves registered by each station of the network is carried out. The activity of the stations during the localization of earthquakes has been determined. The most active station is AAK. The minimum number of P- and S-waves is recorded at the ULHL station. Statistical analysis of localization errors has been performed. The boundaries of the territory for which the minimum values of errors are observed are determined. The statistical characteristics of earthquakes in terms of magnitude, time, depth are presented. The distribution of the number of earthquakes by different energy classes in time and the spatial distribution of earthquakes by depths: 0-5 km, 5-10 km, 10-15 km and more than 15 km are constructed. The Gutenberg Richter law was used to describe the energy distribution function of earthquakes. A representative sample of the catalogue was determined, which includes events with M ≥ 1.8. The b-value for the directory is 0.88
Project sustainability in the conditions of digitalization
No full textThe methodological basis of the study is fundamentals of the project sustainability concept, key principles and features of sustainable development, conceptual approaches to strategic sustainability of project activities. A content analysis of Russian and foreign literature was carried out to determine the current challenges of project implementation. The article uses general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, decomposition of factors, as well as tabular and graphical visualization techniques of various categories. The results of the paper consist in clarifying the theoretical aspects of the projects’ sustainability and their constituent elements, in substantiating high level of uncertainty of various criteria for project implementation due to the significant turbulence of external factors and the emergence of new challenges, as well as in determining the need to transform established approaches to the sustainable development of projects. As a result of the research, a new approach has been developed to assess the sustainability of projects based on a strategic model that takes into account modern challenges of uncertainty and turbulence. The study prospects lie in practical use of developed integrated approach for models’ formation for the sustainable implementation of projects in various business areas
ROLE OF THE BALANCED SCORECARD IN PROJECT-ORIENTED ORGANIZATIONS
No full textThe concepts of “balanced scorecard”, “project-oriented organization” have been revealed. The role of a balanced scorecard in the development of the organization, including a project-oriented one, which connects the points between such elements of strategy as overall picture, mission (our goal), vision (what we strive for), core values (what we believe), strategic areas (topics, results and / or goals) and more operational elements such as goals (continuous improvement actions), indicators (or key performance indicators or KPIs that track strategic effectiveness), goals (desired level of performance) and initiatives (projects, which help you achieve your goals), has been shown
Current Development Trends of the System of Public Administration
No full textThe economy is undergoing a radical transformation in all its structures, completely changing the methods of management. Changes are taking place on a global scale based on the digital technologies being implemented. The role of the state and executive authorities is being completely rethought. They are transforming themselves into “digital governments”, IT platforms, and forming their own digital structures with a list of services that are necessary for the population. In this study the following 4 directions of development of the public administration system were identified and reviewed in detail: digital reforms in the public administration system; long-term balance and sustainability of public administration; focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of public services; implementation of project management methods for the development and implementation of state programs. Based on the conducted research, current trends in public administration have been highlighted, and it was concluded that the trends in the development of modern economies include the mandatory participation of the state
Модели взаимодействия колеса и рельса при высоких скоростях движения
No full text[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The authors evaluate the process of dynamic contact «wheel-rail» through analysis of several simulation models of interaction, allowing to take into account different rheological properties of contacting bodies. The research apparatus comprises equations describing the motion of wheel and rail in the vertical direction, which are then solved using initial conditions and numerical iterative scheme, assuming that at small time intervals individual values behave linearly. The proposed algorithm allows to determine that at medium and high speeds of vehicle movement the elastic-plastic dependence of Alexandrov- Kadomtsev is most appropriate to describe the nature of interaction between the wheel and the rail, as well as to find individual dynamic values. Keywords: railway, wheel, rail, dynamic effects, viscoelastic contact force, elastic-plastic interaction, mechanical characteristics, interaction patterns, dynamic bending, local buckling. REFERENCES 1.Agostinacchio, M., Ciampa, D., Diomedi, M., Olita, S.Parametrical analysis of the railways dynamic response at high speed moving loads.Journal of Modern Transportation, 2013, Vol.21, Iss.3, pp.169-181. 2.Fang, M., Cerdas, S.F., Qiu, Ya.Numerical determination for optimal location of sub-track asphalt layer in high-speed rails.Journal of Modern Transportation, 2013, Vol.21, Iss.2, pp.103-110. 3.Alexandrov, V.M., Romalis, B. L.Contact tasks in mechanical engineering [Kontaktnye zadachi v mashinostroenii].Moscow, Mashinostroenie publ., 1986, 362 p. 4.Kogan, A.Ya.Interaction of wheel and rail at rolling [Vzaimodejstvie kolesa i rel’sa pri kachenii].Trenie i smazka v mashinah i mehanizmah, 2008, Iss.8, pp.26-38. 5.Olsson, R., Donadon, M.V., Falzon, B. G.Delamination threshold load for dynamic impact on plates.International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2006, Vol. 43, pp.3124-3141. 6.Biryukov, D.G., Kadomtsev, I. G.Elastic-plastic nonaxisymmetric impact of parabolic body on a spherical shell [Uprugoplasticheskij neosesimmetrichnyj udar parabolicheskogo tela po sfericheskoj obolochke].Prikladnaja matematika i teoreticheskaja fizika, 2005, Vol.46, Iss.1, pp.181-186. 7.Loktev, A.A., Vershinin, V. V.Modeling shockproof insulation systems with viscoelastic elements [Modelirovanie sistem protivoudarnoj izoljacii s vjazkouprugimi elementami].Vestnik MGTU im. Baumana. Serija Estestvennye nauki, 2012, Iss.2, pp.52-63. 8.Loktev, A.A., Sycheva, A. V.Research of dynamic characteristics of the upper structure of railway track under dynamic action [Issledovanie dinamicheskih harakteristik verhnego stroenija zheleznodorozhnogo puti pri dinamicheskom vozdejstvii].Nauka i tehnika transporta, 2013, Iss.4, pp.58-64. 9.Loktev, A.A., Sycheva, A.V., Vershinin, V. V.Modeling of Work of a Railway Track at the Dynamic Effects of a Wheel Pair.Proceeding of the 2014 International Conference on Theoretical Mechanics and Applied Mechanics, Venice, Italy, March 15-17, 2014, pp.78-81 10.Mazov, Yu.N., Loktev, A.A., Sychev, V. P.Assessment of impact of defects rolling stock wheels on the state of the railway track [Ocenka vlijanija defektov koles podvizhnogo sostava na sostojanie zheleznodorozhnogo puti].Vestnik MGSU, 2015, Iss.5, pp.54-65. 11.Balandin, D.V., Bolotnik, N.N., Pilkey, W.D.Optimal protection from impact and shock: theory and methods.Applied Mechanics Reviews, 2000, Vol.53, Iss.9, pp.237-264. 12.Schonberg, W.P., Keer, L.M., Woo, T.K.Low velocity impact of transversely isotropic beams and plates.International Journal of Solids and Structures, 1987, Vol.23, pp.871-896.Текст аннотации на англ. языке и полный текст статьи на англ. языке находится в прилагаемом файле ПДФ (англ. версия следует после русской версии).Авторы оценивают процесс динамического контакта «колесо-рельс», для его моделирования рассмотрено несколько моделей взаимодействия, позволяющих учесть различные реологические свойства контактирующих тел. В качестве инструментальной основы выступают уравнения, описывающие движение колеса и рельса в вертикальном направлении, которые затем решаются с использованием начальных условий и численной итерационной схемы, предполагающей, что на малых временных интервалах отдельные величины ведут себя линейно. Предлагаемый алгоритм позволяет определить, что на средних и высоких скоростях движения экипажа для описания характера взаимодействия колеса и рельса, а также для нахождения отдельных динамических величин наилучшим образом подходит упруго-пластическая зависимость Александрова-Кадомцева
Innovative Potential of Russian Export Sector
No full textThe purpose of this article is to identify the ways to develop the innovative potential of Russian export. As a perspective direction for enhancing Russian export sector, segment of services is considered to be the fastest growing and least dependent on the volatility of the global environment element of international trade. The article analyzes the dynamics of Russian exports of services over the past eleven years and concludes on the gradual strengthening of its position. In this regard, attention is focused on the export of high — tech and intellectual services — analysis of Russian prospects and opportunities in this area. Also author’s recommendations for the improvement of this segment in the long term are given. Special attention is paid to the development of national technology exports. As a result, the article analyzes experience of leading innovation-active countries and presents the author’s development model of Russian export sector innovative potential.Целью настоящей статьи являлось определение путей для развития инновационного потенциала российского экспорта. В качестве перспективного направления по усилению экспортного сектора России рассматривается сегмент услуг как наиболее быстро растущий и наименее зависящий от волатильности глобальной конъюнктуры элемент международной торговли. В статье анализируется динамика российского экспорта услуг за последние одиннадцать лет и сделан вывод о постепенном укреплении его позиций. В связи с этим акцентируется внимание на экспорте высокотехнологичных и интеллектуальных услуг — анализе перспектив и возможностей России в данной области. Приведены авторские рекомендации по совершенствованию данного сегмента в долгосрочной перспективе. Особое внимание уделено развитию национального экспорта технологий. В результате исследования проанализирован опыт ведущих инновационно активных стран и разработана авторская модель развития инновационного потенциала экспортного сектора России
Физическая реабилитация больных хроническими респираторными заболеваниями: оптимальная организация при ограниченных ресурсах
No full textPulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an important part of management of patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Physical exercise is a key issue of rehabilitation programs in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. The aim of this review was to describe potential ways to organize effective physical rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic respiratory diseases in a medical institution with limited resources. The choice of rehabilitation mode is related to the needs and the goals of the patient and available equipment. Medical facilities are often limited in their resources and failed to use all modern rehabilitation techniques. Nevertheless, the most physiological and inexpensive rehabilitation techniques, such as (breathing techniques, dosed walking, strength training, could improve functional status and daily activity of patients with chronic respiratory diseases and encourage them to wellness management.Пульмонологическая реабилитация (ПР) является неотъемлемой частью комплексного лечения больных хроническими респираторными заболеваниями (ХРЗ). «Краеугольным камнем» реабилитационных программ при ХРЗ являются физические тренировки (ФТ). Целью предлагаемого обзора является ознакомление практикующих врачей с возможностями организации эффективных программ физической реабилитации пациентов с ХРЗ в условиях ограниченных ресурсов медицинских учреждений. Выбор типа реабилитационных мероприятий зависит не только от нужд и целей конкретного больного, но и от оснащения реабилитационного центра. Возможности лечебных учреждений часто ограничены и не позволяют использовать все современные технологии ПР. Тем не менее при использовании наиболее физиологичных и недорогих методик ФТ (дыхательная гимнастика, дозированная ходьба, силовые упражнения) в различных сочетаниях улучшается физическое состояние больных ХЗР, что позволяет адаптировать их к повседневной жизни и ориентировать на поддержание здоровья
PROJECT MANAGEMENT ISSUES IN THE FIELD OF ECOLOGY: RATIONAL NATURE USE AND RESOURCE SAVING
No full textThe largest environmental issues in Russia have been considered in the article, their relationship with the development trends of the country’s economy and the legacy of the Soviet period has been traced, the directions of projects in the field of ecology, as well as the problems of their implementation have been reviewed, these issues have been compared with the practice of environmental projects in developed countries. Today, as we see, the issue of ecology is not in last place. The negative impact of humanity on the environment has reached an alarming level. There is a constant update, as well as the development of new technologies and techniques to prevent environmental problems in the country. Successful implementation of environmental projects directly depends on the level of education and the involvement of the population in solving environmental issues
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