58 research outputs found
Synthesis of (-)-heliotridane and (-)-isoretronecanol Via Diastereoselective Conjugate Addition of Organocuprates To An Enoate Deriving From Proline
No full textA synthesis of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids (-)-heliotridane and (-)-isoretronecanol and their epimers is described. The key step involves a daistereoselective conjugate addition of organocuprates to (2S)-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-[(E)-3'-methoxy-3'-oxo-1'-propenyl]pyrrolidine (2) deriving from (S)-proline
Anthropometric data of the 3 and 6 year−old child regarding the position of the safety belt
No full textThis anthropological study intends to describe first the morphological characteristics of 3 and 6 years old children, and then to evaluate the safety belt position regarding the children seated in a car with different Child Restraint System (CRS). This work is based on a measurement survey which allowed to acquire anthropometric data in two approaches: somatologic data, including dimensions in standing and sitting positions (14 measurements) biometric data on the same subjects seated in a car with different restraint systems (15 measurements) The survey was conducted in a school located in the northern part of France, after obtaining compulsory authorizations from the relevant authorities. 71 children have been measured (33 three year-old and 38 six yearold). The car used for the survey is a Peugeot 308 and the backseat has been measured. The two CRSs which have been used and measured are: a child seat (CRS1) which belongs to the European standard group 1 (children weight between 9 to 18 kg) and a booster which belongs to the groups 2 and 3 (15 to 36 kg). Children of 3 years old have been measured in the CRS1 and CRS2. Those of 6 years old have been measured in the CRS2 and without CRS. Standard anthropometric tools have been used: height gauge, sliding calipers, tape measure, scales. For each age, the main percentile values of all dimensions of the children morphology have been provided. Several measurements of the belt position regarding morphological anatomical points of the child in the car with the different Child Restraint Systems (CRSs) have been performed. This allows to check the suitability of the belt regarding the morphology of the child in a restraint system. The European mass classification appears as not relevant for 75% of the 3 year-old because they can be both in CRS1 and CRS2 according to their weight. The 95th percentile of the 3 year-old appears to be out of the limit and can only be in the booster seat. As for the 6 year-old, if all the children fit in the booster seat according to their weight, children between the 5th and the 25th percentile could also be placed in a child seat. This work has been performed within the European Project CASPER "Child Advanced Safety Project for European Roads" co-funded by the EC under the 7th Framework Program (http://www.casper-project.eu)
The air microwave yield (AMY) experiment - A laboratory measurement of the microwave emission from extensive air showers
No full textThe AMY experiment aims to measure the microwave bremsstrahlung radiation (MBR) emitted by air-showers secondary electrons accelerating in collisions with neutral molecules of the atmosphere. The measurements are performed using a beam of 510 MeV electrons at the Beam Test Facility (BTF) of Frascati INFN National Laboratories. The goal of the AMY experiment is to measure in laboratory conditions the yield and the spectrum of the GHz emission in the frequency range between 1 and 20 GHz. The final purpose is to characterise the process to be used in a next generation detectors of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. A description of the experimental setup and the first results are presented. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licence
Anthropometric data of the 3 and 6 year−old child regarding the position of the safety belt
No full textThis anthropological study intends to describe first the morphological characteristics of 3 and 6 years old children, and then to evaluate the safety belt position regarding the children seated in a car with different Child Restraint System (CRS). This work is based on a measurement survey which allowed to acquire anthropometric data in two approaches: somatologic data, including dimensions in standing and sitting positions (14 measurements) biometric data on the same subjects seated in a car with different restraint systems (15 measurements) The survey was conducted in a school located in the northern part of France, after obtaining compulsory authorizations from the relevant authorities. 71 children have been measured (33 three year-old and 38 six yearold). The car used for the survey is a Peugeot 308 and the backseat has been measured. The two CRSs which have been used and measured are: a child seat (CRS1) which belongs to the European standard group 1 (children weight between 9 to 18 kg) and a booster which belongs to the groups 2 and 3 (15 to 36 kg). Children of 3 years old have been measured in the CRS1 and CRS2. Those of 6 years old have been measured in the CRS2 and without CRS. Standard anthropometric tools have been used: height gauge, sliding calipers, tape measure, scales. For each age, the main percentile values of all dimensions of the children morphology have been provided. Several measurements of the belt position regarding morphological anatomical points of the child in the car with the different Child Restraint Systems (CRSs) have been performed. This allows to check the suitability of the belt regarding the morphology of the child in a restraint system. The European mass classification appears as not relevant for 75% of the 3 year-old because they can be both in CRS1 and CRS2 according to their weight. The 95th percentile of the 3 year-old appears to be out of the limit and can only be in the booster seat. As for the 6 year-old, if all the children fit in the booster seat according to their weight, children between the 5th and the 25th percentile could also be placed in a child seat. This work has been performed within the European Project CASPER "Child Advanced Safety Project for European Roads" co-funded by the EC under the 7th Framework Program (http://www.casper-project.eu)
Anthropometric data of the 3 and 6 year−old child regarding the position of the safety belt
No full textThis anthropological study intends to describe first the morphological characteristics of 3 and 6 years old children, and then to evaluate the safety belt position regarding the children seated in a car with different Child Restraint System (CRS). This work is based on a measurement survey which allowed to acquire anthropometric data in two approaches: somatologic data, including dimensions in standing and sitting positions (14 measurements) biometric data on the same subjects seated in a car with different restraint systems (15 measurements) The survey was conducted in a school located in the northern part of France, after obtaining compulsory authorizations from the relevant authorities. 71 children have been measured (33 three year-old and 38 six yearold). The car used for the survey is a Peugeot 308 and the backseat has been measured. The two CRSs which have been used and measured are: a child seat (CRS1) which belongs to the European standard group 1 (children weight between 9 to 18 kg) and a booster which belongs to the groups 2 and 3 (15 to 36 kg). Children of 3 years old have been measured in the CRS1 and CRS2. Those of 6 years old have been measured in the CRS2 and without CRS. Standard anthropometric tools have been used: height gauge, sliding calipers, tape measure, scales. For each age, the main percentile values of all dimensions of the children morphology have been provided. Several measurements of the belt position regarding morphological anatomical points of the child in the car with the different Child Restraint Systems (CRSs) have been performed. This allows to check the suitability of the belt regarding the morphology of the child in a restraint system. The European mass classification appears as not relevant for 75% of the 3 year-old because they can be both in CRS1 and CRS2 according to their weight. The 95th percentile of the 3 year-old appears to be out of the limit and can only be in the booster seat. As for the 6 year-old, if all the children fit in the booster seat according to their weight, children between the 5th and the 25th percentile could also be placed in a child seat. This work has been performed within the European Project CASPER "Child Advanced Safety Project for European Roads" co-funded by the EC under the 7th Framework Program (http://www.casper-project.eu)
PUBLIC PRIORITIES FOR THE CHANNEL: A review of policy and research areas to support future management of the Channel (English Edition 2015).
No full textThis report presents the findings of a public survey, details as follows: Funded by the INTERREG IV-A France (Channel) - England programme, the Promoting Effective Governance of the Channel Ecosystem (PEGASEAS) project commissioned a survey of 2000 respondents (999 in England and 1001 in France). The aim of that survey was to better understand public perceptions of the Channel. This research is intended to provide recommendations and identify future challenges for the INTERREG V Programme. It is important to understand this for several reasons: (1) There is a lack of assessment of how the public use the Channel, improved information will help to underpin our evidence base on how the public engage with the marine and coastal environment. (2) Public support is highly influential in determining the success of management, planning and conservation in the Channel region. Understanding the public’s views on future priorities for the governance of the Channel will enable national and local authorities to make informed decisions on future funding priorities and management. (3) There is a lack of information on how actively the Channel community engage in pro-environmental behaviours, behaviours that consciously seek to minimise impact on the environment. This knowledge will assist in developing and targeting future educational and awareness strategies
A Novel Cyclophilin from Parasitic and Free-living Nematodes with a Unique Substrate- and Drug-binding Domain
No full textCompositional Approximate Markov Chain Aggregation for PEPA Models
No full textApproximate Markov chain aggregation involves the construction of a smaller Markov chain that approximates the behaviour of a given chain. We discuss two different approaches to obtain a nearly optimal partition of the state-space, based on different notions of approximate state equivalence. Both approximate aggregation methods require an explicit representation of the transition matrix, a fact that renders them inefficient for large models. The main objective of this work is to investigate the possibility of compositionally applying such an approximate aggregation technique. We make use of the Kronecker representation of PEPA models, in order to aggregate the state-space of components rather than of the entire model
Relation between lower extremity alignment and proximal femur anatomy. Parameters during total hip arthroplasty
No full textSummaryBackgroundLower extremity alignment correlates with native femoral offset. Eventual impact of the change in femoral offset induced by total hip arthroplasty (THA) on lower extremity alignment has not been documented.HypothesisTHA significantly changes lower extremity alignment, and the change correlates with the change in femoral offset.Materials and methodsWe conducted a prospective study of 200 patients with primary hip osteoarthritis or avascular femoral head necrosis who underwent cementless THA. Pre-operative computed-tomography templating was performed and the femoral component was then custom-manufactured to replicate the native femoral anatomy. Mean age was 58 years (range, 28–83 years). Before and at least two years after THA, two observers who were not involved in the surgical procedures used standing antero-posterior long-leg radiographs to determine the mechanical axis of the lower-limb (hip-knee-ankle [HKA] angle), femoral offset, neck-shaft angle (NSA), and lower-limb length discrepancy (LLLD).ResultsMean values pre-operatively and at last follow-up were as follows: HKA angle, 179.2°±3.9° (range, 170.5° to 190.5°) and 177.7°±3.5°(range, 173° to 187°); LLLD, −0.7mm (range, –30mm to+25mm) and+5.1mm (range, –7mm to+21mm); NSA, 134°±7.5° (range, 100° to 124°) and 135°±4.2° (range, 124° to 146°); and femoral offset, 42±7.8mm (range, 24mm to 68mm) and 49±7.5mm (range, 33mm to 70mm). Although THA significantly altered lower-limb alignment, univariate and multivariate analyses showed no significant association between the change in HKA angle and the change in femoral offset.DiscussionLower-limb alignment was significantly affected by THA, although the HKA angle changes were small. The small impact of THA on HKA angle values may be ascribable to efforts aimed at replicating the native femoral offset during arthroplasty, as well as to the limited sample size and to potential measurement errors related to the small size of the changes. Our results suggest that, provided careful attention is directed to replicating the native femoral offset, THA in patients with limited pre-operative anatomical abnormalities may have no major impact on the biomechanical parameters of the ipsilateral knee.Level of evidenceLevel III, prospective diagnostic study
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