565 research outputs found
L'amministrazione si difende
No full textUna parte consistente del diritto amministrativo (e del diritto penale amministrativo) mira a contrastare il rischio che il funzionario amministrativo assuma, colposamente o dolosamente, decisioni o condotte orientate alla soddisfazione di un interesse particolare in luogo dell’interesse collettivo. Molto più trascurata è invece una diversa preoccupazione, relativa al rischio che il funzionario amministrativo non assuma decisioni o condotte utili alla realizzazione dell’interesse pubblico, e ne assuma invece altre, o resti inerte, per timore che da quelle scelte possano derivare disutilità individuali. Su questo fenomeno, noto come amministrazione difensiva, lo studio presenta due nuovi tipi di evidenze. La prima, basandosi su dati relativi alle polizze assicurative per responsabilità erariale offerte sul mercato italiano, mira a dimostrare l’esistenza stessa di questo fenomeno di cui molto si parla ma che resta alquanto elusivo. La seconda, combinando dati sull’interventismo della Corte dei conti con dati sulle tempistiche di indizione degli appalti di lavori pubblici, mira a quantificare gli effetti dell’amministrazione difensiva in un settore chiave per l’economia dell’azione amministrativa. Sulla base dei riscontri empirici presentati nello studio, si discutono alcuni possibili interventi regolatori utili per limitare i problemi generati da comportamenti difensivi dell’amministrazione pubblica
Ottavia Niccoli, Vedere con gli occhi del cuore, Laterza Editori, Roma-Bari 2011
No full textThis book focuses on the historical power of images between Middle Ages and the XVIth century. The images are related to the materiality of works of art in the context of their own religious functions and historical evidences. The author analyses different people reactions in front of images preserved in different contexts during in the European society until the Counter Reformation
Is Cardiomegaly an Indication of "heart-Sparing Effect" in Small Fetuses?
No full textIntroduction: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that cardiac size is maintained in small fetuses presenting with cardiomegaly. Materials and Methods: We identified singleton fetuses with estimated fetal weight <10th centile and with cardiomegaly without another more likely cardiac or extra-cardiac cause. We used Z-scores for cardiac and thoracic circumferences normalized for gestational age (GA), biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), and femur length (FL), obtained from 188 normally grown fetuses. Results: When comparing chest size, small fetuses had significantly lower thoracic circumferences median Z-scores (IQR) for GA = -4.82 (-6.15 to -3.51), BPD = -2.42 (-4.04 to -1.48), HC = -2.72 (-4.53 to -1.90), and FL = -1.60 (-2.87 to -0.71); p < 0.001 for all. When comparing heart size, small fetuses showed lower cardiac circumferences median Z-scores (IQR) for GA = -1.59 (-2.79 to -0.16); p < 0.001, similar cardiac circumferences Z-scores for BPD = 0.29 (-0.65 to 1.28); p = 0.284 and HC = 0.11 (-1.13 to 0.96); p = 0.953, and higher cardiac circumferences Z-scores for FL = 0.94 (-0.05 to 2.13); p < 0.001. Conclusions: Our results show that in small fetuses with cardiomegaly, the heart maintains normal dimensions when normalized to cranial diameters and higher dimensions when normalized to long bones. This provides insight into cardiac adaptation to adverse intrauterine environment
Giuseppe Di Napoli, I principi della forma. Natura, percezione e arte, Einaudi, Torino 2011
No full textThe review analyses Giuseppe di Napoli's last book on visual perception. Di Napoli's main thesis concerns the base level of the form and the way in which visual perception reacts to certain forms (geometrical, "abstract", etc.). Di Napoli studies in particular the relationship between Art and Nature, and the process through which the form from natural becomes artistic. The author takes into account how artists and philosophers considered this topic, quoting a rich literature, from Goethe to Focillon, from Schapiro to Klee, with a special regard to scientific research especially during the last Century
Il Performance Contracting nelle Amministrazioni Pubbliche: problematiche e prospettive
No full textThe process of public services outsourcing has created a system of parties that contribute to needs satisfaction and to public value creation. The functional separation between the public administration and the utilities pro-ducers requires a rethinking of traditional control systems, to enable a more effective process of measurement and evaluation of overall performance and improve decision-making at political, strategic and operational level. This paper identifies, on theoretical basis, the role that the service contract can play in increasing emphasis on performance
Robust Hybrid Output Regulation for Linear Systems with Periodic Jumps: The Non-Semiclassical Case
No full textThis letter solves the robust hybrid output regulation problem for uncertain hybrid MIMO linear systems with periodic jumps without assuming any a priori structural decomposition on the considered plant (as in the semi-classical case). A necessary condition for solving the problem is that the regulator must incorporate an internal model of the flow zero-dynamics, which is typically affected by uncertainties and then unknown. Hence, the proposed regulator consists of three units: a data-driven estimator of the flow zero-dynamics, a flow internal model in charge of achieving regulation during flows, including also the (estimated) modes of the uncertain flow zero-dynamics, and a jump internal model in charge of imposing a suitable reset of the state at each jump
Learning and predicting user pairwise preferences from emotions and gaze behavior
No full textMost people believe that their choices are based only on a rational analysis of available alternatives. Actually, emotions affect our choices and are activated as feedback during the decision process. In Recommender Systems research, preference learning is an important element to produce good recommendations. Preferences can be acquired by explicitly asking the user or by analyzing his implicit feedback that can be inferred from his behavior. Following the latter vein of research, we developed a novel approach to automatically extract these preferences by analyzing the gaze behavior and the facial expressions of the users while looking at item’s images form making a choice between them. Specifically, we focused on pairwise image comparisons in a preference elicitation experiment and exploited a Process Mining approach to learn preferences. In particular, we investigated whether behavior patterns can be learned and used to predict the user choice. We evaluated strategies based on gaze behavior and experienced emotions and results obtained so far show promising prediction performance
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