1,028 research outputs found
Duración crítica de lluvia de diseño aplicando modelos de transformación lluvia caudal cuencas de aporte de Río Guanusacate, Jesús María-Córdoba
No full textFil: Rico, Andrea. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Centro de la Región Semiárida; Argentina.Fil: Rico, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Vaschalde, Tomás S. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Centro de la Región Semiárida; Argentina.Fil: Vaschalde, Tomás S. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Capone, María Eugenia. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Centro de la Región Semiárida; Argentina.Fil: Capone, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Dasso, Clarita. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Centro de la Región Semiárida; Argentina.Fil: Dasso, Clarita. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Las precipitaciones intensas y localizadas ligadas a células convectivas favorecidas por el
efecto orográfico de la provincia de Córdoba son desencadenantes de procesos hidrológicos de
gran magnitud con importantes consecuencias sociales y económicas. En el presente trabajo,
se buscó definir la duración crítica de lluvias de diseño, aplicando un modelo agregado de
transformación lluvia-caudal (P-Q) en la cuenca de aporte del río Guanusacate. Además, se
verificó la sensibilidad del modelo para diferentes modos de atenuación espacial de la lluvia y
se realizó un análisis de incertidumbre para los parámetros no calibrados.
En lo referente a la unidad hidrológica se seleccionó como punto de cierre del sistema la
confluencia de los ríos Santa Catalina y Ascochinga que da origen al río Guanusacate, aguas
arriba de la localidad de Jesús María. Se caracterizaron las subcuencas morfométricamente, se
definieron los tiempos de concentración y los parámetros para los tránsitos de caudales. Para
las abstracciones se empleó el modelo del servicio de conservación de suelos de los Estados
Unidos (por sus siglas en inglés, SCS), al igual que para la transformación P-Q. Las lluvias de
diseño modeladas, se definieron con el método DIT. Para la modelación se empleó la
herramienta computacional HEC-HMS, desarrollada por el cuerpo de ingenieros de los
Estados Unidos.
De los hidrogramas de respuesta de la cuenca para las diferentes lluvias de diseño definidas,
se definió la duración crítica de la lluvia de diseño para la cuenca de estudio.Fil: Rico, Andrea. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Centro de la Región Semiárida; Argentina.Fil: Rico, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Vaschalde, Tomás S. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Centro de la Región Semiárida; Argentina.Fil: Vaschalde, Tomás S. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Capone, María Eugenia. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Centro de la Región Semiárida; Argentina.Fil: Capone, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Dasso, Clarita. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Centro de la Región Semiárida; Argentina.Fil: Dasso, Clarita. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Oceanografía, Hidrología, Recursos Hídrico
L’esperienza di ricovero dei caregivers familiari in ambito pediatrico e le relazioni con l’assistenza infermieristica: uno studio osservazionale multicentrico
No full textABSTRACT
Background: la soddisfazione dell’utenza in merito all’assistenza ricevuta in ambito sanitario è un aspetto che negli anni ha assunto sempre maggiore rilevanza, non solo in ambito infermieristico, in quanto viene annoverato tra i nursing sensitive outcomes, ma anche a livello economico e politico. In ambito pediatrico, la filosofia maggiormente abbracciata nel mondo occidentale è la Family Centered Care, che prevede la centralità del bambino e del suo nucleo familiare nell’intero processo di cura. Pochi sono gli studi che hanno valutato le relazioni tra l’esperienza dei caregivers familiari in merito all’assistenza ricevuta e gli aspetti più organizzativi dell’assistenza infermieristica.
Obiettivi: Esaminare l’esperienza dei caregivers familiari relativamente al ricovero ospedaliero che hanno vissuto con il loro bambino e valutare le relazioni con l’assistenza infermieristica ricevuta e il setting di cura.
Metodi: Studio osservazionale trasversale, con raccolta dati a tre livelli (amministrativo, infermiere e caregivers) tramite campionamento di convenienza. La partecipazione è sempre stata preceduta da accettazione alla partecipazione allo studio in seguito alla lettura del consenso informato. per queste analisi è stato estrapolato un sotto-campione paragonabile con gli studi presenti in letteratura. Nella raccolta dati a livello caregivers sono state coinvolte 9 Aziende ospedaliere affiliate all’Associazione Ospedali Pediatrici Italiani situate in diverse regioni italiane. I dati sono stati raccolti attraverso una web survey, a livello infermiere, e attraverso il Child HCAHPS, appositamente adattato e validato per il contesto italiano (S-CVI 0.91; ICC 0.90; Alpha di Cronbach 0.90). I dati sono stati analizzati a livello di unità operativa attraverso analisi di statistica descrittiva, per descrivere il campione e le variabili oggetto di indagine con indici di tendenza centrale, frequenze e percentuali; in seguito è stato costruito un modello di regressione lineare per studiare le relazioni tra gli esiti estrapolati dai dati della survey caregivers e le variabili infermieristiche (workload) e di setting (ospedale pediatrico VS ospedale generale). Per quanto riguarda i dati relativi alla survey caregiver è stato applicato l’approccio Top Box come indicato dalla letteratura, è stata quindi calcolata la percentuale di risposte date alle singole domande tenendo in considerazione la scelta qualitativamente migliore (es. “Si, assolutamente”, “sempre, o “voto 9-10”) Tutte le analisi sono state condotte tramite il software statistico IBM SPSS, versione 22.
Risultati: Sono state coinvolte 96 unità operative, 1472 infermieri e 635 caregivers. Gli ambiti in cui sono stati raggiunti valori percentuali più alti sono stati quelli relativi al dolore e alla comunicazione con medici e infermieri. I valori più bassi, invece, erano relativi alla sicurezza, alla preparazione alla dimissione e il comfort. Complessivamente le risposte date dai caregivers riferite agli ospedali pediatrici erano migliori rispetto a quelle riferite agli ospedali generici. Dal modello di regressione lineare è emerso che all’aumentare di un punto nel punteggio di workload diminuisce di 2.12 punti l’overall rating dell’ospedale; aggiungendo al modello la tipologia di ospedale è risultato che l’essere in un ospedale pediatrico aumenta di 0.28 punti l’overall rating dell’ospedale.
Conclusioni: questo è il primo studio condotto in Europa che indaga l’esperienza dei caregiver in ambito pediatrico attraverso lo strumento gold standard per la valutazione della Family Centered Care, ed è anche il primo a mettere in relazione questi esiti con le caratteristiche dell’organico infermieristico. Questi dati confermano ancora una volta come l’assistenza infermieristica possa influenzare l’esperienza di ricovero impattando sulla qualità e le cure erogate. Inoltre, questi dati possono essere molto utili nell’individuare interventi migliorativi per rendere l’assistenza infermieristica pediatrica sempre più centrata sulla famiglia ed efficace.ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Background: patients’ satisfaction for nursing care in the healthcare is an aspect that has become increasingly important over the years, not only for the nursing -as it is counted among nursing sensitive outcomes- but also at in economic and political issues. In Pediatrics, the philosophy most embraced in the Western world is Family Centered Care, which envisages the centrality of the child and his or her family unit in the entire care process. Few studies have evaluated the relationships between the experience of family caregivers regarding the care received and the organizational aspects of nursing care.
Objectives: To examine the experience of family caregivers in relation to the hospitalization they have lived with their child and evaluate the relationship with the nursing care received and the care setting
Methods: Cross-sectional study; multi-level data (administrative, nurses and caregivers) through convenience sampling. Participation has always been preceded by acceptance to participate in the study following the reading of the informed consent. For these analyses a sub-sample comparable with the studies in the literature was extrapolated. Nine hospitals affiliated with the Italian Pediatric Hospitals Association, located in different Italian regions, were involved in the data collection at the caregivers level. The data were collected through a web survey, at the nurse level, and through the Child HCAHPS, specially adapted and validated for the Italian context (S-CVI 0.91; ICC 0.90; Cronbach's Alpha 0.90). The data were analysed at the unit level through descriptive statistical analysis, to describe the sample and the variables of interest with central trend indices, frequencies and percentages; then, a linear regression model has been built to study the relationships between caregivers’ outcomes and the nursing (workload) and setting (pediatric hospital vs general hospital) variables. Data from to the caregivers’ survey, the Top Box approach was applied as indicated in the literature: each item was recoded as an indicator variable of whether respondents selected the most positive response option (eg "Yes, absolutely", “Always, or “rate 9-10”). All analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS statistical software, version 22.
Results: Ninety-six units, 1472 nurses and 635 caregivers were involved in the study. The areas in which the highest percentage values were achieved were those relating to pain and communication with doctors and nurses. The lowest values, on were related to safety, preparation for discharge and comfort. Overall, the responses given by caregivers in pediatric hospitals were better than those reported by caregivers in general hospitals. The linear regression model showed that increasing the workload score by one point decreases the hospital's overall rating by 2.12 points; adding the type of hospital to the model, it was found that being in a pediatric hospital increases the hospital's overall rating by 0.28 points.
Conclusions: this is the first study conducted in Europe that investigates the experience of caregivers in the Pediatrics through the gold standard tool for evaluating Family Centered Care, and is also the first to relate these outcomes with the characteristics of the nursing staff. These data confirm once again how nursing care can influence the hospitalization experience by impacting on the quality and care provided. In addition, these data can be very useful in identifying improvements to make pediatric nursing care increasingly family-centered and effective
Lung cancer malignancy predication with recurrent neural networks
No full textLung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancer types in the United States, comprising almost 25% of all cancer deaths. Existing work in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has applied convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to detect and classify nodules in CT scans, with the goal of assisting radiologists diagnose lung cancer. In the past decade, new screening pro- tocols have been enacted that advise high-risk patients to get annual CT screenings to monitor any suspicious lesions found in the lungs. This change increases the availability of CT scans and the number of scans per patient for computational models to learn from. In this thesis, we present bounding box annotations for a subset of patients from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) over three years time and provide baseline results on the benchmark task of malignancy prediction using this time-series data. We analyze the use of longitudinal models to capture the progression of nodule malignancy and see that recurrent neural networks (RNNs) outperform standard CNNs by 4.58% in accuracy, 5.03% in precision for a fixed sensitivity of 95.06%, and 6.61% in area under the curve (AUC).Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2023-08-01The student, Mary Dasso, accepted the attached license on 2021-07-21 at 11:52.The student, Mary Dasso, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-07-21 at 11:57.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-07-21 at 14:25.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17051 on 2022-01-12 at 12:55:35Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-12T22:35:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
DASSO-THESIS-2021.pdf: 2134304 bytes, checksum: 8ab24b85418e13f2ca95ee3523487f57 (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4207 bytes, checksum: a390b4b7688a732b73d2f44432f45077 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2021-07-21Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 121150
Lift date: 2024-01-12T22:35:30Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemAuthor requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Onl
Microscopic Form-factors For Inelastic Excitation of Isovector Modes In Heavy-ion Reactions
No full textBeing a nurse between research and clinic: What challenges and opportunities for a PhD-prepared nurse? Overview from an Italian paediatric hospital
No full textAimTo report a reflection on the role, challenges and opportunities for nurses with advanced education in research outside the academic field.DesignA discursive paper.Data SourcesWe reported the case of an Italian paediatric research hospital where PhD-prepared nurses started to apply their knowledge and competencies in different fields, both in clinical and organizational settings. From this experience, an overview of the possible barriers and challenges that PhD-prepared nurses may face up within the hospital setting.DiscussionThe application of PhD-prepared nurses in hospital settings could be an opportunity to advance high standards of quality of care in managerial and clinical areas and to create networks between highly specialized professional figures and different clinical-care realities.ConclusionMore research is needed to explore how to apply the advanced competencies of PhD-prepared nurses within healthcare organizations to provide high-quality and safe care and services. This paper can provide insights for a reflection on applying and developing PhD-prepared nurses' skills and competencies within the hospital setting in clinical, research and managerial areas. This can enhance the effective application of highly competent nursing professional figures.ConclusionMore research is needed to explore how to apply the advanced competencies of PhD-prepared nurses within healthcare organizations to provide high-quality and safe care and services. This paper can provide insights for a reflection on applying and developing PhD-prepared nurses' skills and competencies within the hospital setting in clinical, research and managerial areas. This can enhance the effective application of highly competent nursing professional figures.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution, due to study design
Global axis shape of magnetic clouds deduced from the distribution of their local axis orientation
No full textContext. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are routinely tracked with imagers in the interplanetary space, while magnetic clouds (MCs) properties are measured locally by spacecraft. However, both imager and in situ data do not provide any direct estimation of the general flux rope properties.
Aims. The main aim of this study is to constrain the global shape of the flux rope axis from local measurements and to compare the results from in-situ data with imager observations.
Methods. We performed a statistical analysis of the set of MCs observed by WIND spacecraft over 15 years in the vicinity of Earth. We analyzed the correlation between different MC parameters and studied the statistical distributions of the angles defining the local axis orientation. With the hypothesis of having a sample of MCs with a uniform distribution of spacecraft crossing along their axis, we show that a mean axis shape can be derived from the distribution of the axis orientation. As a complement, while heliospheric imagers do not typically observe MCs but only their sheath region, we analyze one event where the flux rope axis can be estimated from the STEREO imagers.
Results. From the analysis of a set of theoretical models, we show that the distribution of the local axis orientation is strongly affected by the overall axis shape. Next, we derive the mean axis shape from the integration of the observed orientation distribution. This shape is robust because it is mostly determined from the overall shape of the distribution. Moreover, we find no dependence on the flux rope inclination on the ecliptic. Finally, the derived shape is fully consistent with the one derived from heliospheric imager observations of the June 2008 event.
Conclusions. We have derived a mean shape of MC axis that only depends on one free parameter, the angular separation of the legs (as viewed from the Sun). This mean shape can be used in various contexts, such as studies of high-energy particles or space weather forecasts.Fil: Janvier, M.. Observatoire de Paris. LESIA; Francia;Fil: Démoulin, Pascal. Observatoire de Paris. LESIA; Francia;Fil: Dasso, Sergio Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de la Pampa. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisica; . Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio(i); Argentin
Abstract Book - XLIV Congresso Nazionale AIEOP | 13-15 ottobre 2019, Catania (Italy) - C0018 Qualità e sicurezza in emato-oncologia pediatrica: il fenomeno delle cure infermieristiche compromesse in Italia.
No full textCauses and Consequences of Magnetic Cloud Expansion
No full textContext. A magnetic cloud (MC) is a magnetic flux rope in the solar wind (SW), Which, at 1 AU, is observed ∼2–5 days after its expulsion from the Sun. The associated solar eruption is observed as a coronal mass ejection (CME). Aims. Both the in situ observations of plasma velocity distribution and the increase in their size with solar distance demonstrate that MCs are strongly expanding structures. The aim of this work is to find the main causes of this expansion and to derive a model to explain the plasma velocity profiles typically observed inside MCs. Methods. We model the flux rope evolution as a series of force-free field states with two extreme limits: (a) ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and (b) minimization of the magnetic energy with conserved magnetic helicity. We consider cylindrical flux ropes to reduce the problem to the integration of ordinary differential equations. This allows us to explore a wide variety of magnetic fields at a broad range of distances to the Sun. Results. We demonstrate that the rapid decrease in the total SW pressure with solar distance is the main driver of the flux-rope radial expansion. Other effects, such as the internal over-pressure, the radial distribution, and the amount of twist within the flux rope have a much weaker influence on the expansion. We demonstrate that any force-free flux rope will have a self-similar expansion if its total
boundary pressure evolves as the inverse of its length to the fourth power. With the total pressure gradient observed in the SW, the radial expansion of flux ropes is close to self-similar with a nearly linear radial velocity profile across the flux rope, as observed. Moreover, we show that the expansion rate is proportional to the radius and to the global velocity away from the Sun. Conclusions. The simple and universal law found for the radial expansion of flux ropes in the SW predicts the typical size, magnetic structure, and radial velocity of MCs at various solar distances.Fil: Démoulin, Pascal. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Observatoire de Paris; FranciaFil: Dasso, Sergio Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentin
Magnetic cloud models with bent and oblate cross-section boundary
No full textContext. Magnetic clouds (MCs) are formed by magnetic flux ropes that are ejected from the Sun as coronal mass ejections. These structures generally have low plasma beta and travel through the interplanetary medium interacting with the surrounding solar wind. Thus, the dynamical evolution of the internal magnetic structure of a MC is a consequence of both the conditions of its environment
and of its own dynamical laws, which are mainly dominated by magnetic forces.
Aims. With in-situ observations the magnetic field is only measured along the trajectory of the spacecraft across the MC. Therefore, a magnetic model is needed to reconstruct the magnetic configuration of the encountered MC. The main aim of the present work is to extend the widely used cylindrical model to arbitrary cross-section shapes. Methods. The flux rope boundary is parametrized to account for a broad range of shapes. Then, the internal structure of the flux rope is computed by expressing the magnetic field as a series of modes of a linear force-free field.
Results. We analyze the magnetic field profile along straight cuts through the flux rope, in order to simulate the spacecraft crossing through a MC. We find that the magnetic field orientation is only weakly affected by the shape of the MC boundary. Therefore, the MC axis can approximately be found by the typical methods previously used (e.g., minimum variance). The boundary shape affects
the magnetic field strength most. The measurement of how much the field strength peaks along the crossing provides an estimation of the aspect ratio of the flux-rope cross-section. The asymmetry of the field strength between the front and the back of the MC, after correcting for the time evolution (i.e., its aging during the observation of the MC), provides an estimation of the cross-section global bending. A flat or/and bent cross-section requires a large anisotropy of the total pressure imposed at the MC boundary by the surrounding medium. Conclusions. The new theoretical model developed here relaxes the cylindrical symmetry hypothesis. It is designed to estimate the cross-section shape of the flux rope using the in-situ data of one spacecraft. This allows a more accurate determination of the global
quantities, such as magnetic fluxes and helicity. These quantities are especially important for both linking an observed MC to its solar source and for understanding the corresponding evolution.Fil: Démoulin, Pascal. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Observatoire de Paris; FranciaFil: Dasso, Sergio Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentin
- …
