203 research outputs found
Photograph Identification
No full textA presentation of the author's ongoing research into the preservation, dating and identification of subjects of photographs taken in the period 1860 to 1910. Particular emphasis is given to carte-de-visite and cabinets of Armidale photographers Andrew Cunningham, HB Solomons & WD Solomons. Most of the subjects in the photographic examples discussed, are relatives of the author, in particular of ancestors of early settlers in the Armidale Region: John Nelson Ingram Moore, William Cleghorn, John Dallison Bradley and Joseph Scholes. To put the photographs in context, some brief details of these families are also discussed
Pilot-scale thermal treatment of atuomotive shredder residue: Pyrolysis chair is a resource or waste
No full text
Challenges around automotive shredder residue production and disposal
No full textThe challenge for the automotive industry is how to ensure they adopt the circular economy when it comes to the disposal of end-of-life vehicles (ELV). According to the European Commission the UK achieved a total reuse and recovery rate of 88%. This is short of the revised ELV directive target of 95% materials recovery, which requires a minimum of 85% of materials to be recycled or reused. A significant component of the recycling process is the production of automotive shredder residue (ASR). This is currently landfilled across Europe. The additional 10% could be met by processing ASR through either waste-to-energy facilities or Post shredder technology (PST) to recover materials. The UK auto and recycling sectors claimed there would need to be a massive investment by their members in both new capacity and new technology for PST to recover additional recycle materials. It has been shown that 50% of the ASR contains valuable recoverable materials which could be used to meet the Directive target. It is expected in the next 5years that technological innovation in car design will change the composition from easily recoverable metal to difficult polymers. This change in composition will impact on the current drive to integrate the European Circular Economy Package. A positive factor is that main driver for using ASR is coming from the metals recycling industry itself. They are looking to develop the infrastructure for energy generation from ASR and subsequent material recovery. This is driven by the economics of the process rather than meeting the Directive targets. The study undertaken has identified potential pathways and barriers for commercial thermal treatment of ASR. The results of ASR characterisation were used to assess commercial plants from around the world. Whilst there were many claiming that processing of ASR was possible none have so far shown both the technological capability and economic justification. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The matrix of unitarity triangle angles for quarks
No full textIn the context of quark (as for lepton) mixing, we introduce the concept of the matrix of unitarity triangle angles Phi, emphasising that it carries equivalent information to the complex mixing matrix V itself. The angle matrix Phi has the added advantage, with respect to V, of being both basis- and phase-convention independent and consequently observable (indeed several Phi-matrix entries, e.g., Phi(cs) = alpha, Phi(us) = beta, etc. are already long-studied as directly measurable/measured in B-physics experiments). We give complete translation formulae between the mixing-matrix and angle-matrix representations. We go on to consider briefly the present state of the experimental data on the full angle matrix and some of the prospects for the future, with reference to both the quark and lepton cases. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Enhancing Quality and Security of the PLL-TRNG
No full textInternational audienceField Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are used more and more frequently to implement cryptographic systems, which need random number generators (RNGs) to be embedded in the same device. The main challenge related to the implementation of a generator running inside FPGAs is that the physical source of randomness, such as jittered clock generator, is implemented in the configurable logic area, i.e. in the close vicinity of noisy running algorithms, which can have significant impact on generated numbers or even serve to attack the generator. A possible approach to prevent such influence is the use of Phase-Lock Loops (PLLs), which are separated from the re-configurable logic area inside the FPGA chip. In this paper, we propose a new architecture of the PLL-based TRNG including a method to avoid correlation in the output through control of timing in the sampling process, as well as new embedded tests based on the enhanced stochastic model. We also propose a workflow to help find the best parameters, such as output bitrate and entropy rate. We show that bitrates of around 400 kb/s or more can be achieved, while guaranteeing min-entropy rates per bit higher than 0.98 as required by the latest security standards
ATLAS Inner Detector Performance with the Rome-Initial Layout
No full textThe performance of the ATLAS Inner Detector with the Rome-Initial Layout has been studied for single muons using the Geant4 framework and the iPatRec software package. The results have been assessed and compared with those derived within the Geant3 framework for the DC1 layout. No significant change in performance as measured by transverse impact parameter or pT resolution is visible but a small decrease in longitudinal impact parameter resolution is observed, attributed to increased pixel size. Systematic shifts away from the truth, in the mean reconstructed track momentum were found during the studies. Some of these deviations are shown. An explanation for the problem has recently been found. The solution is discussed and some corrected results are shown
Charged multiplicities in Z decays into u, d, and s quarks
No full textAbout 4.4 million hadronic decays of Z bosons, recorded by the OPAL detector at LEP at a centre-of-mass energy of around sqrt(s) = 91.2 GeV, are used to determine the mean charged particle multiplicities for the three light quark flavours. Events from primary u, d, and s quarks are tagged by selecting characteristic particles which carry a large fraction of the beam energy. The charged particle multiplicities are measured in the hemispheres opposite to these particles. An unfolding procedure is applied to obtain these multiplicities for each primary light quark flavour. This yields = 17.77 +- 0.51 +0.86 -1.20, = 21.44 +- 0.63 +1.46 -1.17, = 20.02 +- 0.13 +0.39 -0.37, where statistical and systematic errors are given. The results for and are almost fully statistically anti-correlated. Within the errors the result is consistent with the flavour independence of the strong interaction for the particle multiplicities in events from the light up, down, and strange quarks.About 4.4 million hadronic decays of Z bosons, recorded by the OPAL detector at LEP at a centre-of-mass energy of around sqrt(s) = 91.2 GeV, are used to determine the mean charged particle multiplicities for the three light quark flavours. Events from primary u, d, and s quarks are tagged by selecting characteristic particles which carry a large fraction of the beam energy. The charged particle multiplicities are measured in the hemispheres opposite to these particles. An unfolding procedure is applied to obtain these multiplicities for each primary light quark flavour. This yields = 17.77 +- 0.51 +0.86 -1.20, = 21.44 +- 0.63 +1.46 -1.17, = 20.02 +- 0.13 +0.39 -0.37, where statistical and systematic errors are given. The results for and are almost fully statistically anti-correlated. Within the errors the result is consistent with the flavour independence of the strong interaction for the particle multiplicities in events from the light up, down, and strange quarks
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