1,479 research outputs found
Gamma and electron NIEL dependence of irradiated GaAs
No full textInternational audienceIn GaAs material, the radiation-induced degradations are demonstrated to vary according to the Non Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL). But some discrepancies are still observed between experimental degradation measurements and predicted NIELs. The used displacement threshold energy (Td) varies, from one author to another, from 10 eV up to 25 eV. A measurement made with 60Co gamma rays is used to investigate the relevance of the NIEL scaling law for both electrons and gamma rays. A Td value of 21 eV is found to be the most appropriate value, to properly scale the present experimental degradation measurements
NIEL calculations for estimating the displacement damage introduced in GaAs irradiated with charged particles
No full textInternational audienceThe application of Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) in estimating the impact of electron, proton, and heavy ion irradiations on Gallium Arsenide is presented in this paper. The NIEL for deuteron, alpha particle, lithium ion and oxygen ion is computed using the SR-NIEL and NEMO codes. The NIEL calculations are compared with the introduction rate of displacement damage measured in n-type GaAs. Very good agreement is found between the NIEL and experimental results for protons (< 20 MeV), electrons, and a variety of ions. However, a discrepancy can be observed for high-energy protons
Los actos de habla en el cuento Una mujer para papá de Niel Palomino Gonzales
No full textO presente trabalho mostra e expõe como objetivo a identificação e categorização dos arquétipos dos atos de fala nas personagens do conto Uma Mulher para o Papai de Niel A. Palomino Gonzales e como estes refletem a profundidade e riqueza da narrativa Apurimeño. Na metodologia foi utilizada a teoria dos atos de fala de Austin com abordagem hermenêutica para analisar as interações e falas dos personagens, destacando como os atos de fala revelam aspectos essenciais da narrativa. Os resultados mostram uma clara diferenciação entre os tipos de atos de fala realizados pelos personagens, o que demonstra a complexidade e habilidade do autor na tecelagem de sua trama. A conclusão a que se chega é que Niel Palomino demonstra um profundo domínio da pragmática e da caracterização, apresentando os personagens de forma que suas falas e ações enriqueçam a narrativa da história. Palomino concorda que falar não é apenas expressar informações, sentimentos, emoções...; mas também é uma maneira de fazer algo.The present work shows and exposes as an objective the identification and categorization of the archetypes of speech acts in the characters of the story A Woman for Dad by Niel A. Palomino Gonzales and how these reflect the depth and richness of the Apurimeño narrative. Austin's speech act theory was used in the methodology with a hermeneutic approach to analyze the interactions and speeches of the characters, highlighting how speech acts reveal essential aspects of the narrative. The results show a clear differentiation between the types of speech acts performed by the characters, which demonstrates the complexity and skill of the author in weaving his plot. The conclusion reached is that Niel Palomino demonstrates a deep mastery of pragmatics and characterization, presenting the characters in a way that their speeches and actions enrich the narrative of the story. Palomino agrees that speaking is not just a matter of expressing information, feelings, emotions...; but it is also a way of doing something.El presente estudio analiza el cuento Una mujer para papá de Niel Palomino, a partir de la teoría de los actos de habla de Austin, con el objetivo general de evidenciar cómo el lenguaje no solo comunica, sino que actúa, modelando relaciones sociales, afectivas y culturales. La metodología empleada fue cualitativa y se basó en un análisis pragmático del discurso narrativo, identificando los actos locutivos, ilocutivos y perlocutivos emitidos por los personajes. Se construyó un cuadro de análisis que clasifica los enunciados según su intención comunicativa, su tipo de acto de habla y su función en el desarrollo del relato. El resultado revela, primordialmente, que los actos de habla estructuran la interacción entre los personajes, particularmente en la construcción de relaciones jerárquicas, afectivas y de poder. La conclusión principal señala que el lenguaje en el cuento es profundamente performativo: no solo narra acciones, sino que las ejecuta. En un contexto cultural andino donde la oralidad es central, los enunciados cobran una fuerza simbólica que permite a los personajes negociar afecto, autoridad y pertenencia. Así, el cuento trasciende su dimensión literaria para convertirse en una muestra de cómo el discurso es también una forma de agencia social, emocional y cultural
Aizier – La Léproserie, La Chapelle Saint-Thomas
No full textIdentifiant de l'opération archéologique : 1405Date de l'opération : 2004 - 2006 (FP)Inventeur(s) : Truc Marie-Cécile (INRAP) ; Niel Cécile (CNRS)Depuis 1998 une fouille programmée est menée sur ce site de léproserie médiévale rurale. Situé en pleine forêt, à 1 km de l’actuel village d’Aizier, cet établissement fut propriété de l’abbaye de Fécamp. Seule la chapelle romane, dédiée à Thomas Becket, subsiste aujourd’hui à l’état de ruines.En 1998 une série de sondages a révélé la présence d’un ..
Intentionality and its Objects: Tim Crane´s Philosophical Project and Phenomenology
No full textThis article focuses on Tim Crane's conception of psychologism and intentionality and its relations to the phenomenological (Husserlian) account.We will first concentrate on Crane's concept of psychologism, then on theconcept of the object of intentionality, and finally on the concept of representation, in order to evaluate the possibilities of a common field of research between phenomenology and analytic philosophy, after many decades of independent and indifferent parallel investigations.Fil: Niel, Luis Ignacio. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentin
Ibère, grec et latin à Toulouse (Haute-Garonne) à la fin du II<sup>e</sup> s. av. J.-C. : nouvelles inscriptions sur céramique du site de la ZAC Niel
No full textInternational audienceThe excavation conducted in 2009-2011 at the ZAC Niel in Toulouse (Haute-Garonne) yielded varied and original epigraphic writings. Responding to the finds of the last excavations in Toulouse’s urban area in the early 1980s, these writings on ceramics testify the use of three kinds of writings in Tolosa at the end of the 2nd c. BC: Paleohispanic, Latin and Greek, proofs of an outstanding diversity of writing practices. A particular graffiti we studied held our attention, as it could be either a graphic exercise showing that on this site existed a learning school of Paleohispanic writing, or a Celtic name written in Iberian.Le site de la ZAC Niel à Toulouse (Haute-Garonne), fouillé au cours des années 2009-2011, a livré un ensemble épigraphique à la fois varié et original. Faisant écho aux trouvailles issues des fouilles menées dans l’agglomération toulousaine au début des années 1980, les inscriptions sur céramique récemment mises au jour attestent l’utilisation à Tolosa, à la fin du IIe s. av. J.-C., de trois écritures : paléohispanique, latine et grecque, témoins d’une diversité exceptionnelle des pratiques d’écriture. Un des graffites étudiés a particulièrement retenu notre attention car il pourrait s’agir soit d’un exercice révélant l’existence sur le site toulousain d’une école d’apprentissage de l’écriture paléohispanique soit d’un nom celte écrit en ibère
Aplicabilidade dos genes Pré-S do virus da Hepatite B (VHB) nos estudos de diversidade genômica
No full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil.O estudo da diversidade genômica e do perfil molecular dos genes pré-S e S em isolados do VHB foi realizado com a utilização de técnicas da PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) e sequenciamento de DNA. Para genotipagem e análises filogenéticas utilizamos 40 amostras do norte e nordeste do Brasil, selecionadas aleatoriamente de pacientes portadores do VHB: 28 pacientes positivos para o AgHBe, na fase aguda da infecção e provenientes de 8alvador-BA; 12 pacientes positivos para o AgHBs, na fase crônica da infecção e provenientes de Rio Branco AC. O DNA do VHB foi detectado por Nested-PCR utilizando-se primers específicos para as regiões pré-S e S. Os produtos amplificados foram seqüenciados e suas seqüências foram analisadas utilizando os programas Phred/phrap e ABI Prism 8EQSCAPE (Applied Biosystems). O alinhamento foi realizado pelo programa ClustalX (v.1.83) e análises filogenéticas foram realizadas pelos programas Mega3 e PAUP. Das 40 amostras oriundas da região norte e nordeste do Brasil, 57,5%(23/40) foram detectáveis por PCR e seqüenciadas. Das amostras provenientes do norte do Brasil verificamos uma diversidade genotípica; com a identificação dos genótipos A (55,6%), D (22,2%) e F (22,2%). Foi demonstrado, também, que na região nordeste, na qual temos poucos estudos dos aspectos genômicos do VHB, a presença do genótipo A (85,7%) e F (14,3%). No estudo destas amostras foram encontrados os seguintes sítios de mutações na região 8 do vírus: P49R, S61L, 186T e L109P, estando esta última na segunda alça imunodominante da proteína 8 (small protein) do envelope viral. Foram identificadas, também, mutações na região pré-S: G02E, Y129H, A79L, e a mutação 885P no elemento regulatório da região promotora do gene S (AgHBs); A mudança do nucleotídeo ocorreu sempre na primeira ou segunda posição do códon, reforçando a hipótese de seleção positiva. Estes resultados corroboram com estudos de mutações nas regiões pré-S/S do VHB e evidenciam a necessidade de se estabelecer uma vigilância molecular com o intuito de identificar a prevalência de mutações nas diversas regiões brasileiras, buscando relacioná-las aos genótipos circulantes diferentes formas de evolução da doença e impacto da vacina. A detecção de mutantes do AgHBs pode, ainda, ser extremamente útil para testes diagnósticos do VHB em doadores de sangue e órgãos.The study of genomic diversity of the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and the molecular profile of the genes pre-S and S was done with PCR techniques (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and DNA sequencing, in isolated individual carriers of the virus. For phylogenetic analyses and genotyping, we used samples from the North and Northeast of Brazil, randomly selecting 40 sera samples from carriers of HBV; 28 positive HBeAg, patients with acute infection, from Salvador-BA and 12 positive HBsAg, in chronic phase, from Rio Branco-AC. The HBV-DNA was detected by Nested-PCR using specific primers for the pre-S and S regions. The amplified products were sequenced, and were analyzed with the program Phred/phrap and the ABI Prism SEQSCAPE Software versão 2,1 (Applied Biosystems). Alignment was performed by ClustalX (v.1.83) program and phylogenetic analysis was done with the programs Mega3 and PAUP. From the 40 samples from the Northeast and Northeastern regions of Brazil, 57, 5% (23/40) were detectable by PCR and were sequenced. From the samples from the North of Brazil, we found some genotypic diversity, and identifiied the genotypes A (55, 6%), D (22, 2%) and F (22, 2%). We also show that in the Northeastern region, where there are few studies about the genomic aspects of HBV, that we have both genotypes A (85, 7%) and F (14, 3%). In these populations we found the following sites of mutations on the S region of the virus; P49R, S61L, I86T and L109P. The final mutation site above is the last one on the second immune-dominant loop of the viral envelope protein. Mutations were also identified on the pre-S region; G02E, Y129H, A79L, and S85P on the region provider of the gene S (HBsAg). All nucleotideos changes had occurred in to first and second codon position, reinforcing the positive selection pressure hypothesis. These findings corroborate with mutations studies about HBV pre-S/S regions and highlight the need for surveillance programs to address questions as such prevalence of mutations related to specific genotypes, clinical outcome and vaccine impact in same Brazilians regions. The detection of HBsAg could be a useful tool for HBV screening tests in blood donors and organ donos
A linear time algorithm for quantum 2-SAT
No full textThe Boolean constraint satisfaction problem 3-SAT is arguably the canonical NP-complete problem. In contrast, 2-SAT can not only be decided in polynomial time, but in fact in deterministic linear time. In 2006, Bravyi proposed a physically motivated generalization of k-SAT to the quantum setting, defining the problem "quantum k-SAT". He showed that quantum 2-SAT is also solvable in polynomial time on a classical computer, in particular in deterministic time O(n4), assuming unit-cost arithmetic over a field extension of the rational numbers, where n is the number of variables. In this paper, we present an algorithm for quantum 2-SAT which runs in linear time, i.e. deterministic time O(n+m) for n and m the number of variables and clauses, respectively. Our approach exploits the transfer matrix techniques of Laumann et al. [QIC, 2010] used in the study of phase transitions for random quantum 2-SAT, and bears similarities with both the linear time 2-SAT algorithms of Even, Itai, and Shamir (based on backtracking) [SICOMP, 1976] and Aspvall, Plass, and Tarjan (based on strongly connected components) [IPL, 1979]
Prise en charge des nourrissons à Thaon (Calvados) aux XVe-XVIIIe s. : origine sociale, mortalité et inhumation
No full textInternational audienceLe site de l’église Saint-Pierre de Thaon (Calvados) fouillé pendant une douzaine d’années a permis la mise au jour de plus de 450 individus inhumés à proximité immédiate de l’édifice ou dans ce dernier du VIIe au XVIIIe s. Plusieurs phases d’inhumations ont pu être déterminées et des sectorisations préférentielles liées à l’âge ou au sexe ont été mises en évidence selon les périodes. Parmi les défunts, de nombreux immatures sont présents et plusieurs cas comportent des lésions pathologiques tant au Moyen Âge que pour les phases plus récentes. Pour la période moderne, nous avons retenu un cas représentatif (sép. 314) âgé d’environ 6 mois porteur d’hypersostose crânienne ainsi que d’atteintes périostées sur le squelette appendiculaire. Les lésions observées posent le problème de leur diagnostic sur l’os en croissance des nourrissons ainsi que des causes de leur décès, mais aussi des motifs de leur regroupement préférentiel dans les zones sépulcrales
Mariposas ( Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea: Serie P apilioniformes ) del campus de la Universidad de l os Llanos, sede Barcelona, Villavicencio (Meta, Colombia)
No full textIncluye figuras, tablas y anexosSe realizó, una contribución al estudio de la diversidad de mariposas nacional, regional y local, a partir de las especies registradas en el Campus de la Universidad de los Llanos, Sede Barcelona, Villavicencio (Meta, Colombia), teniendo en cuenta; los analisis de la distribución de su composición y abundancia de especies en el área durante el tiempo de estudio, las medidas calculadas de riqueza, diversidad, representatividad, análisis de rangos de abundancia, tests de Kruskal-Wallis, análisis Clúster, análisis de similitud (ANOSIM) y análisis de porcentaje de similitud (SIMPER), para encontrar diferencias en la riqueza, estructura y composición de las comunidades presentes en cada zona y mes de muestreo estudiado y también para poder reconocer las especies responsables de estas diferencias observadas. Finalmente, se obtuvo una representatividad entre el 78%, el 81% y el 88% de las especies esperadas para el área de estudio con los estimadores no paramétricos: Jackknife 1, Chao 2 y bootstrap respectivamente. También, se registraron entre zonas diferencias significativas en la riqueza de especies (CI: 93,84 - 118,68; CI: 67,63 - 90,37), en la distribución de la abundancia proporcional de especies (H = 21,74, p = 0,0002) y entre la composición de especies de las comunidades comparadas (R = 0,5702, p = 0,0001). Las especies que contribuyeron a estas diferencias varían en su distribución de abundancias al interior del campus, de acuerdo a la disposición de recursos, diversidad no afectada en el tiempo (R = 0,121, p = 0,0844). Ademas, se reporto un primer registro para Colombia de Mesene eromena. Se reconocieron, cambios en la distribución de mariposas en el espacio y en el tiempo, y se proporcionó, un referente para incentivar acciones de manejo y conservación más acertadas y sostenibles de los ecosistemas locales que cada día estan más amenazados.It was made a contribution to the study of the diversity of national, regional and local butterflies, from the species registered on the campus of the University of the Llanos, Village Barcelona, Villavicencio (Meta, Colombia), given; the analysis of the distribution of its composition and abundance of species in the area during the study period, calculated measures of richness, diversity, representativeness, analysis ranges abundance, Kruskal-Wallis, cluster analysis, similarity analysis (ANOSIM ) and percent similarity analysis (SIMPER), to find differences in wealth, structure and composition of the communities in each area studied and month of sampling and also to recognize the species responsible for these observed differences. Finally, representativeness between 78%, 81% and 88% of expected species in the study area was obtained with nonparametric estimators: Jackknife 1 and Bootstrap Chao2 respectively. They were also recorded between areas significant differences in species richness (CI: 93.84 to 118.68; CI: 67.63 to 90.37), in the distribution of proportional abundance of species (H = 21.74, p = 0.0002 ) and between species composition of communities compared (R = 0.5702, p = 0.0001). The species that contributed to these differences vary in their distribution of abundances within the campus, according to the disposition of resources, diversity is not affected in time (R = 0.121, p = 0.0844). Also, a first record for Colombia of Mesene eromena. They recognized changes in the distribution of butterflies in space and time, and was provided a reference to encourage management actions and more successful and sustainable conservation of local ecosystems are more threatened every day.Capítulo I. Informe final. -- Lista de Figuras. -- Lista de Tablas. -- Lista de Anexos. -- Lista de símbolos y abreviaturas. -- Planteamiento del problema. -- Descripción del problema. -- Pregunta de investigación. – Hipótesis. – Objetivos. -- Objetivo general. -- Objetivos específicos. – Justificación. -- Marco teórico. – Antecedentes. -- Marco de referencia. -- Inventarios Biológicos. -- Clasificación morfológica de las mariposas. -- Taxonomía de lepidópteros. -- Importancia de los lepidópteros y su desempeño en los ecosistemas. -- Historia de la lepidopterología en Colombia. -- Diversidad de lepidópteros en la Región Orinoquía. -- Colecciones entomológicas en Colombia y en la Región Orinoquía. -- Medición de la diversidad. – Metodología. -- Área de estudio. -- Zonas de estudio. -- Muestreo de mariposas. -- Preservación y determinación taxonómica. -- Análisis de datos. -- Resultados. -- Representatividad del muestreo. -- Riqueza-diversidad en el Campus. -- Riqueza-diversidad por zona. -- Exclusividad de especies por zona y mes de muestreo. -- Riqueza-diversidad por mes de muestreo. -- Abundancia relativa de especies-Diversidad por zona. -- Abundancia relativa de especies-Diversidad por mes de muestreo. -- Semejanza por zonas y meses de muestreo. -- Composición-Diversidad por zona. -- Composición-diversidad por mes de muestreo. – Discusión. -- Análisis espacial. -- Análisis temporal. – Conclusiones. – Recomendaciones. -- Trabajos citados. -- Capítulo II. -- Artículo Científico, Resultado De Investigación. – Resumen. – Abstract. – Introducción. -- Materiales y métodos. – Resultados. – Discusión. – Conclusiones. – Anexos.PregradoBiólog
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