634 research outputs found
Estimation of the proportion of patients in whom an experimental treatment is effective in a positive randomised trial, using a novel variance-guided equation
No full textFrom the results of a positive randomised clinical trial, it cannot be ascertained whether the additional benefit is distributed to all patients or is limited to only a subgroup.We had a new insight: The variance in length of survival in the treated group will be same as the control group if the treatment is effective in every patient; but will be different if the treatment is effective in only a subgroup
Professor Madhav Gadgil: A bibliometric portrait
No full textThe present study focuses on measuring the contributions of Professor Madhav Gadgil in the field of ecology. Throughout his 49-year publishing career, Gadgil has published 89 publications, collectively receiving 4119 citations. Notably, 63 out of 89 (70.78%) of his publications resulted from collaborations with other researchers. Among his collaborators, Gadgil has had the most active partnership with NV Joshi, who co-authored 12 publications. Other notable collaborators include R Guha, (6 publications) and G Utkarsh (5). Most of his collaborations (72) have been with researchers from India. Additionally, he has collaborated with researchers from Canada in 5 publications. Gadgil's publications have garnered a cumulative total of 4119 citations, resulting in an average of 46.28 citations per publication and an average of 84.06 per year. Notably, he has published the highest number of articles (13) in Current Science and has shown a prolific output in 1996 and 1999, with 6 publications eac
Professor Madhav Gadgil: A Bibliometric Portrait
No full textThe present study focuses on measuring the contributions of Professor Madhav Gadgil in the field of ecology. Throughout his 49-year publishing career, Gadgil has published 89 publications, collectively receiving 4119 citations. Notably, 63 out of 89 (70.78%) of his publications resulted from collaborations with other researchers. Among his collaborators, Gadgil has had the most active partnership with NV Joshi, who co-authored 12 publications. Other notable collaborators include R Guha, (6 publications) and G Utkarsh (5). Most of his collaborations (72) have been with researchers from India. Additionally, he has collaborated with researchers from Canada in 5 publications. Gadgil's publications have garnered a cumulative total of 4119 citations, resulting in an average of 46.28 citations per publication and an average of 84.06 per year. Notably, he has published the highest number of articles (13) in Current Science and has shown a prolific output in 1996 and 1999, with 6 publications each
Gadgil, M. et Guha, R. -Ecology and Equity., 1995
No full textSingaravélou . Gadgil, M. et Guha, R. -Ecology and Equity., 1995. In: Cahiers d'outre-mer. N° 194 - 49e année, Avril-juin 1996. Inde du sud tradition et modernité. pp. 222-223
Elevated, straight-arm traction for supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.
No full textBetween January 1995 and December 2000, 112 children with a closed displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus without vascular deficit, were managed by elevated, straight-arm traction for a mean of 22 days. The final outcome was assessed using clinical (flexion-extension arc, carrying angle and residual rotational deformity) and radiographic (metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle and humerocapitellar angle) criteria. Excellent results were achieved in 71 (63%) patients, 33 (29%) had good results, 5 (4.4%) fair, and 3 (2.6%) poor. All patients with fair or poor outcomes were older than ten years of age. Elevated, straight-arm traction is safe and effective in children younger than ten years. It can be effectively used in an environment that can provide ordinary paediatric medical care and general orthopaedic expertise. The outcomes compare with supracondylar fractures treated surgically in specialist centres
Understanding Ayurveda
No full textAyurveda needs to achieve its full potential both in India and globally. This requires imparting to its students full appreciation of Ayurveda′s power and strength, particularly proper understanding of the advantages of applying it to treat chronic and acute diseases. To this end, we explain the necessity of learning Sanskrit as a medium of study, and the advantages of learning the Texts in the traditional way, rather than relying on translations with all the loss of meaning and precision, which that entails. We emphasize the use of Triskandhakosha as a means to fully understand Ayurveda fundamental concepts and technical terms, so that all their shades of meaning are fully understood, and all their usages given in different places in the texts. Only by such methods can full appreciation of Ayurvedic wisdom be achieved, and the full depth and power of its knowledge be applied. Only then will its true status among systems of medicine come to be appreciated, either in India or more widely in the world as a whole
Open manifolds, Ozsváth–Szabó invariants and exotic R4’S
No full textAbstractWe construct an invariant of certain open four-manifolds using the Heegaard Floer theory of Ozsváth and Szabó. We show that there is a manifold X homeomorphic to R4 for which the invariant is non-trivial, showing that X is an exotic R4. This is the first invariant that detects exotic R4’s
The Cookstove–Rape Prevention Myth and the Limits of Techno-saviorism
No full textThe field of humanitarian technology is rife with techno-saviorism—the promotion of technology as a panacea and not simply a technique of intervention. Humanitarian technology advocates, designers, and promoters uphold technological objects and interventions as having an incredible agency to solve complex social and environmental problems. A prevalent example is the promotion of improved cookstoves to address a number of complex global problems such as the negative health impacts of cooking, climate change, deforestation, and sexual violence in conflict zones. In this paper, I outline research that critiques the “stoves reduce rape” rhetoric, and discuss techno-saviorism in terms of improved cookstove myths, consequences, and gender inequalities. I conclude with reflections from discussions with scientists and humanitarian practitioners who design, test, market, deliver, and advocate for improved cookstoves
Chemical master equation and Langevin regimes for a gene transcription model
No full textGene transcription models must take account of intrinsic stochasticity. The Chemical Master Equation framework is based on modelling assumptions that are highly appropriate for this context, and the Stochastic Simulation Algorithm (also known as Gillespie's algorithm) allows for practical simulations to be performed. However, for large networks and/or fast reactions, such computations can be prohibitatively expensive. The Chemical Langevin regime replaces the massive ordinary dierential equation system with a small stochastic dierential equation system that is more amenable to computation. Although the transition from Chemical Master Equation to Chemical Langevin Equation can be justied rigorously in the large system size limit, there is very little guidance available about how closely the two models match for a xed system. Here, we consider a transcription model from the recent literature and show that it is possible to compare rst and second moments in the two stochastic settings. To analyse the Chemical Master Equation we use some recent work of Gadgil, Lee and Othmer, and to analyse the Chemical Langevin Equation we use Ito's Lemma. We nd that there is a perfect match|both modelling regimes give the same means, variances and correlations for all components in the system. The model that we analyse involves 'unimolecular reactions', and we nish with some numerical simulations involving dimerization to show that the means and variances in the two regimes can also be close when more general 'bimolecular reactions' are involved
Risk management in agriculture
No full textThis monograph was written to be part of the series of studies commissioned by the Ministry of Agriculture under the rubric of "State of Indian Farmer - A Millennium Study". On the basis of existing literature, this study documents the status of our knowledge on risks of agriculture and their management. Chapter 2 discusses the evidence on the nature, type and magnitude of agricultural risks. Chapter 3 discusses farmer strategies to combat risk. In addition to the mechanisms at the level of the farm household, the need to cope with risk can also affect community interactions and social customs. This is examined in Chapter 4. In chapter 5, we consider how production risks have been transformed by developments in the agricultural economy in the post-independence period. In chapter 6, we review the principal developments that have impacted on market risks.
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