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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Experienced by Ruth Weber in Kate Quinn’s The Huntress
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تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى اكتشاف الاضطراب النفسي ، اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة (PTSD) الذي عانت منه روث ويبر في رواية كيت كوين
The Huntress. روث ويبر هي فتاة صغيرة ضحية حرب توجد في رواية The Huntress التي كتبها كيت كوين. الصدمة هي اضطراب في شكل قلق مفرط ينشأ بسبب حدث صادم يحدث للإنسان. الصدمة لها تأثير الطويل ويمكن أن تسبب اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة (PTSD). اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة هو الصدمة تحدث بعد وقوع الصدمية. هناك ثلاثة أهداف في هذا البحث؛ أولاً ، لتعرف أعراض اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة ؛ ثانياً ، لتعرف أسباب اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة ؛ ثالثًا ، التعرف على آثار اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة التي توجد في شخصية روث ويبر.
هذا البحث هو البحث النقد الأدبي لأنه يركز على تحليل العمل الأدبي فحسب. تستخدم هذه الدراسة منهج التحليل النفسي باستخدام نظرية اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة من قبل جيرالد سي دافيسون (2012). تستخدم الباحثة هذه الرواية لأن كيت كوين تعرض تاريخ الحرب العالمية الثانية من خلال الكشف عن مصير الأطفال ضحايا حقبة الحرب العالمية الثانية. كما تم نشر هذه الرواية في عام 2019 ولم يتم البحث عنها من قبل. هذا يجعل الباحثة تهتم كثيرا في تحليل هذه الرواية. تم أخذ البيانات في هذه الدراسة من النصوص السردية والنصوص الحوارية الواردة في رواية The Huntress. تجمع الباحثة البيانات مع التركيز على النصوص السردية أو الحوارية ذات الصلة بالمشكلة في البحث.
نتائج البحث من هذه الدراسة هي: أولاً ، ثلاث الجوانب الرئيسية من أعراض اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة التي تصيب منها روث ويبر ، وهي أعراض التجنب ، وأعراض الاستثارة ، وإعادة الشعور بالأعراض. ثانيًا ، وجدت الباحثة عاملين تسببا في إصابة روث ويبر باضطراب ما بعد الصدمة ، وهما العوامل النفسية والعوامل البيئية. ثالثًا ، وجدت الباحثة ثلاثة آثار لاضطراب ما بعد الصدمة التي تصيب منها روث ويبر ، وهي التغييرات في الشعور والتغييرات في الأفكار والتغييرات في السلوك.
الخلاصة ، كان لاضطراب ما بعد الصدمة تأثير على حياة روث ويبر. أصاب من تغييرات في الشعور وتغييرات في الأفكار وتغييرات في السلوك. في تغيير الشعور ، يتغير روث ويبر إلى الطفل سريعة الانفعال وتشعر دائمًا بالقلق نحو الآخرين الجديد. بجانب ذلك ، كانت روث قاتمة دائمًا والغضاب يتلألأ والحزن العميق. في تغيير الفكر ، تتذكر روث الأحداث المؤلمة مرارا. ولا يقبل ما حدث، ولديها كوابيس تجعلها مستيقظة في أثناء الليل. أما تغيير السلوك ، أصبحت روث فتاة هادئة لا تقول شيئًا لشخص توجهه ، وابتعدت ورفضت أن يقترب منها الآخرون ، أكثر عدوانية ، وارتعش جسدها عندما شعرت خائب أو حزن. كان يرتجف من الخوف إذا رأى الدم الذي لم يكن جافًا بدرجة كافية. لذلك رجت الباحثة أن يتمكن القارئ في فهم أعراض اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة وأسبابه وآثاره بشكل أوضح.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to find psychological disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Experienced by Ruth Weber in Kate Quinn's The Huntress. Ruth Weber is a little girl who became a victim of the war found in the novel The Huntress by Kate Quinn. Trauma is a disorder in the form of excessive anxiety that arises because of a traumatic event that occurred to someone. Trauma has a prolonged effect and causes the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD is the trauma that appears after a traumatic event. There were three objectives in this study; first, to identify the symptoms of PTSD; second, to identify the causes of PTSD; third, to determine the effects of PTSD found on Ruth Weber's character.
This research is literary criticism research because it only focuses on analyzing a literary work. This research uses a psychological analysis approach using the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder theory by Gerald C Davison (2012). The researcher uses this novel because Kate Quinn showed World War II's history by revealing the fate of children victims of the World War II era. Also, this novel was published in 2019 and is rarely explained. It makes the researcher interested in analyzing this novel. The data in this research takes from narrative texts and conversation texts contained in the novel The Huntress. The researcher collected data by highlighting the narrative or conversation text that is relevant to the research problem.
The finding from this study indicates that, first, three main categories of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms experienced by Ruth Weber, namely, avoidance symptoms, arousal symptoms, and re-experiencing symptoms. Second, the researcher found two factors causing Ruth Weber to get post-traumatic stress disorder, namely psychological and environmental factors. Third, The researcher found three effects of post-traumatic stress disorder experienced by Ruth Weber: changes in feelings, changes of mind, and changes behavior.
In conclusion, PTSD affected the life of Ruth Weber. She experiences changes in feelings, changes in mind, and changes in behavior. In changing feelings, Ruth Weber turns into a child who is easily irritable and always feels wary of other people she just met. Also, Ruth is moody, an explosion of anger, and deep sadness. While on a change of mind, Ruth always remembers her traumatic events, cannot accept reality, and has nightmares that keep her awake in the middle of the night. Whereas in behavior change, Ruth becomes a quiet girl who doesn't say anything to someone she just met, walks away, and refuses to be approached by others, more aggressive, her body trembles when she feels disappointed or sad. She will shiver with fear if she sees the blood that has not dried enough. Therefore, the researcher hopes that the readers could understand more clearly the symptom, cause, and effect of PTSD.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan gangguan psikologis, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) yang dialami oleh Ruth Weber dalam novel The Huntress karya Kate Quinn. Ruth Weber adalah seorang gadis kecil yang menjadi korban perang yang ditemukan dalam novel The Huntress oleh Kate Quinn. Trauma adalah kelainan dalam bentuk kecemasan berlebihan yang timbul karena peristiwa traumatis yang terjadi pada seseorang. Trauma memiliki efek yang berkepanjangan dan dapat menyebabkan Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD adalah trauma yang muncul setelah peristiwa traumatis terjadi. Ada tiga tujuan dalam penelitian ini; pertama, untuk mengidentifikasi gejala PTSD; kedua, untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab PTSD; ketiga, untuk mengidentifikasi efek PTSD yang ditemukan pada tokoh Ruth Weber.
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kritik sastra karena hanya difokuskan pada analisis sebuah karya sastra. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis psikologis menggunakan teori Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder oleh Gerald C Davison (2012). Peneliti menggunakan novel ini karena Kate Quinn menunjukkan sejarah Perang Dunia II dengan mengungkapkan nasib anak-anak korban era Perang Dunia II. Serta, novel ini diterbitkan pada tahun 2019 dan belum pernah diteliti sebelumnya. Hal ini, membuat peneliti tertarik untuk menganalisis novel ini. Data dalam penelitian ini diambil dari teks naratif dan teks percakapan yang terkandung dalam novel The Huntress. Peneliti mengumpulkan data dengan fokus terhadap narasi atau teks percakapan yang relevan dengan permasalahan dalam penelitian.
Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, tiga kategori utama dari gejala gangguan stres pasca-trauma yang dialami oleh Ruth Weber, yaitu, gejala penghindaran, gejala rangsangan, dan gejala yang dialami kembali. Kedua, peneliti menemukan dua faktor yang menyebabkan Ruth Weber mendapatkan gangguan stres pasca trauma, yaitu faktor psikologis, dan faktor lingkungan. Ketiga, peneliti menemukan tiga efek gangguan stres pasca-trauma yang dialami oleh Ruth Weber, yaitu perubahan perasaan, perubahan pikiran, dan perubahan perilaku.
Kesimpulannya, PTSD memiliki pengaruh pada kehidupan Ruth Weber. Dia mengalami perubahan perasaan, perubahan pikiran, dan perubahan perilaku. Dalam perubahan perasaan, Ruth Weber berubah menjadi anak yang mudah marah dan selalu merasa waspada terhadap orang lain yang baru saja dia kenali. Selain itu, Ruth selalu murung, kemarahan yang meledak-ledak, dan kesedihan yang mendalam. Dalam perubahan pikiran, Ruth selalu mengingat peristiwa traumatisnya, tidak bisa menerima kenyataan, dan memiliki mimpi buruk yang membuatnya tetap terjaga di tengah malam. Sedangkan dalam perubahan perilaku, Ruth menjadi gadis pendiam yang tidak mengatakan apa-apa kepada seseorang yang baru saja dia kenali, berjalan pergi dan menolak untuk didekati oleh orang lain, lebih agresif, tubuhnya bergetar ketika dia merasa kecewa atau sedih. Dia akan menggigil ketakutan jika dia melihat darah yang belum cukup kering. Oleh karena itu, peneliti berharap agar pembaca dapat memahami lebih jelas tentang gejala, penyebab, dan efek dari PTSD
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