1,720,972 research outputs found
On Yule s Statistical Regularity (Polemical Remarks)
No full textBritish statistician G. U. Yule examined sentence lengths measured with a number words (word forms) as a characteristic of a particular prose style. He found out that in a particular author's works sentences tend to become shorter with time, i.e. in texts from la[1]ter period of creative activity sentences as a rule are shorter than in texts written earlier. In order to verify this claim I have examined sentence lengths in 4o texts of contemporary Polish artistic prose authored by 15 writers (3 or, in few cases, 2 works by one author). I have analysed 200 sentences from each text. Yule's statistical regularity was corroborated only by one author's works, which makes up for 7, 1%. However, the examination has proved another relationship - the shorter period between works of a particular author, the slighter differences in sentence lengths and vice versa
O prawidłowości statystycznej Yule'a (uwagi polemiczne)
Full text linkBritish statistician G. U. Yule examined sentence lengths measured with a number words (word forms) as a characteristic of a particular prose style. He found out that in a particular author's works sentences tend to become shorter with time, i.e. in texts from la[1]ter period of creative activity sentences as a rule are shorter than in texts written earlier. In order to verify this claim I have examined sentence lengths in 4o texts of contemporary Polish artistic prose authored by 15 writers (3 or, in few cases, 2 works by one author). I have analysed 200 sentences from each text. Yule's statistical regularity was corroborated only by one author's works, which makes up for 7, 1%. However, the examination has proved another relationship - the shorter period between works of a particular author, the slighter differences in sentence lengths and vice versa
O godzinie siódmej wieczorem w całym mieście zgasło światło (At seven o’clock in the evening, the light went out in the whole town) – a model initial sentence
No full textThe sentence cited in the title begins the novel Zazdrość i medycyna (Jealousy and Medicine) by Michał Choromański, which was published in 1933. This paper aims at demonstrating that this initial statement can be considered a model one, that is a very good beginning to an epic work. Having studied the characteristics desired in an initial sentence (enumerated in both theoretical studies and style guides) and carried out stylistic and semantic analysis, the author found M. Choromański’s statement a model one. The contributing elements are as follows: 1. euphonic (the melody of the sentence manifested in a clear caesura nearly exactly in the middle in terms of the number of syllables and in classical proportions between vowels and consonants); 2. syntactic (word order and the related distribution of individual parts of the sentence, dynamism of the statement); 3. semantic (introducing the reader to the centre of extraordinary events, drawing their attention and enforcing their reflection); 4. graphic (isolating the initial statement in a paragraph). Only the lexis of the examined sentence remains neutral
Nominality Ratio as Element of Stylistic Characteristic of Text
No full textThe most characteristic part of every text as regards the occurrence frequency of speech parts is the number of nouns and verbs, respectively. Quantity relationship between the two word classes detem1ines the degree of nominality which can be calculated with the application of the so called nominality ratio. lts value is the quotient of the total number of nouns used in a text by the to tal number of used verbs. The numeric value of the parameter under analysis is of importance for the purpose of detem1ining stylistic nature of a text. The value may characterise both the style of a particular text, author, types and genres ofliterature as well as functional styles and specify the extent ofnominality in national languages. Analysis o f27 types oftexts - both spoken and written ones -demonstrates that some of them represent nominal styles (as it seems, the noun-to-verb ratio exceeds 3.0), others - verba! styles (the noun-to-verb ratio is !ower than 1 .5). However, most texts should be numbered among intermediate styles (the noun-to-verb ratio ranging from 1.6 to 3.0) that span between liveliness, dynamics and intellectual colouring which manifests itself by nomina lity. Significant deviations from the average value of that parameter whose value for the Polish language is 2.3 are always stylistically meaningful.
Opening sentences in Marek Krajewski’s novels
No full textOpening sentences raise a lot of interest of both linguists and common Polish speakers. It is evident from numerous websites in which Internet users share their observations on the best opening sentences of books (most often novels), as well as theoretical papers and writing guides. The analysis of opening sentences of ten novels by Marek Krajewski (co-author of two of them being Mariusz Czubaj) is to provide an answer to the question to what extent the utterance opening of the texts of the Wroc³aw-based prose writer fulfill the requirements to be met by such type of constructions. It turns out that most crucial are syntactic and semantic features rather than lexical ones. The clash between theoretical assumptions and the M. Krajewski’s writing practice shows that opening sentences of his novels not always fall into classical determinants of incipient formulas. It also illustrates the thesis that a skillful writer does not need to cling to theoretical assumptions to create good opening sentences and novels translated into nearly twenty languages
Wskaźnik nominalności jako element stylistycznej charakterystyki tekstu
Full text linkThe most characteristic part of every text as regards the occurrence frequency of speech parts is the number of nouns and verbs, respectively. Quantity relationship between the two word classes detem1ines the degree of nominality which can be calculated with the application of the so called nominality ratio. lts value is the quotient of the total number of nouns used in a text by the to tal number of used verbs. The numeric value of the parameter under analysis is of importance for the purpose of detem1ining stylistic nature of a text. The value may characterise both the style of a particular text, author, types and genres ofliterature as well as functional styles and specify the extent ofnominality in national languages. Analysis o f27 types oftexts - both spoken and written ones -demonstrates that some of them represent nominal styles (as it seems, the noun-to-verb ratio exceeds 3.0), others - verba! styles (the noun-to-verb ratio is !ower than 1 .5). However, most texts should be numbered among intermediate styles (the noun-to-verb ratio ranging from 1.6 to 3.0) that span between liveliness, dynamics and intellectual colouring which manifests itself by nomina lity. Significant deviations from the average value of that parameter whose value for the Polish language is 2.3 are always stylistically meaningful. 
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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