3,178 research outputs found
Technical handbook for dengue surveillance, dengue outbreak prediction/detection and outbreak response (Model contingency plan)
No full textThis handbook was produced by TDR together with WHO’s Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) Department and WHO regional offices in the context of a European Union-financed research programme, the International Research Consortium on Dengue Risk Assessment, Management and Surveillance (IDAMS), to develop an evidence-based handbook for the early outbreak detec-tion and management of dengue fever outbreaks. The handbook targets public health providers, in particular those at national level. It is not an implementation guideline, but a framework for developing a national contingency plan with local adaptations that acknowledge micro-level pro-gramme components. Response planning requires contextual details encompassing the structure of the health and vector control services, the availability of infrastructure and budget, and human resources, and the willingness of staff to cooperate, among others.The aim of this “model contingency plan” is to assist programme managers and planners in devel-oping a national, context-specific, dengue outbreak response plan in order to: (a) detect a dengue outbreak at an early stage through clearly defined and validated alarm signals; (b) precisely define when a dengue outbreak has started; and (c) organize an early response to the alarm signals or an “emergency response” once an outbreak has started.A summary of this document, "Dengue Contingency Planning: From Research to Policy and Practice" (PNTD-D-16-00407R1) has also been published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.</p
Technical handbook for dengue surveillance, dengue outbreak prediction/detection and outbreak response (Model contingency plan)
No full textThis handbook was produced by TDR together with WHO’s Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) Department and WHO regional offices in the context of a European Union-financed research programme, the International Research Consortium on Dengue Risk Assessment, Management and Surveillance (IDAMS), to develop an evidence-based handbook for the early outbreak detec-tion and management of dengue fever outbreaks. The handbook targets public health providers, in particular those at national level. It is not an implementation guideline, but a framework for developing a national contingency plan with local adaptations that acknowledge micro-level pro-gramme components. Response planning requires contextual details encompassing the structure of the health and vector control services, the availability of infrastructure and budget, and human resources, and the willingness of staff to cooperate, among others.The aim of this “model contingency plan” is to assist programme managers and planners in devel-oping a national, context-specific, dengue outbreak response plan in order to: (a) detect a dengue outbreak at an early stage through clearly defined and validated alarm signals; (b) precisely define when a dengue outbreak has started; and (c) organize an early response to the alarm signals or an “emergency response” once an outbreak has started.A summary of this document, "Dengue Contingency Planning: From Research to Policy and Practice" (PNTD-D-16-00407R1) has also been published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.</p
Eloge
No full textOverview of the typology of the encomiastic epigram, from the archaic to the Byzantine period. Silvia Barbantani is author of the section on Greek epigram Rosario Moreno Soldevila is author of the section on the latin epigram
Protection of the house against Chagas disease, dengue, leishmaniasis, and lymphatic filariasis: a systematic review
No full textThe National Labour Policies in the context of the Europe 2020 strategy and of the European Economic Governance
No full textThe National Labour Policies in the context of the Europe 2020 strategy and of the European Economic Governance, by Silvia Borelli
The author presents the main priorities of the Europe 2020 strategy and the different steps of the European Semester of the European Economic Governance. The system of the European measures to solve the economic crisis is completed by the analysis of the “Six Pack”, the EuroPlus Pact and the Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance. The author clarifies how the European Employment Strategy has been fully absorbed by the European Economic Governance. After considering some of the new European economic framework’s consequences on Member States’ labour policies and on social dialogue, the author focuses on the recent review of Italian labour policies, performed by European Commission as part of the European Semester
Building the evidence base for dengue vector control: searching for certainty in an uncertain world
No full textThis review discusses biological and chemical methods for dengue vector control, using recently emerging summary evidence, meta–analyses and systematic reviews to conclude on practical public health recommendations for Aedes control, which is increasingly relevant in an era of widespread Chikungunya, yellow feer and Zika outbreaks. The analysis follows an a priori framework of systematic reviews by the authors on vector control methods, distinguishing vector control methods into biological, chemical and environmental methods. Findings of each published systematic review by the authors, following each individual vector control method, are summarised and compared in the discussion against the findings of existing meta–analyses covering all vector control methods. Analysing nine systematic reviews and comparing to two existing meta–analyses provided low-to-moderate evidence that the control of Aedes mosquitoes can be achieved using 1) chemical methods, particularly indoor residual spraying and insecticide treated materials, and 2) biological methods, where appropriate. The level of efficacy and community effectiveness of the methods in most studies analysed is low, as was the overall assessment of study quality. Furthermore, the results show that too optimise results, larvae and adults should be targeted simultaneously. The quality of service delivery is probably one of the most important features of this analysis–and including high coverage. The analysis also highlights the urgent need for standards to guide the design and reporting of vector control studies, ensuring the validity and comparability of results. These studies should aim to include measurements of human transmission data–where and when possible
Lavorare per la rivoluzione. Un'impresa commerciale tra Italia e Cina
No full textThe volume collects the biographical testimony of Fabio Matteini who, starting from the ’60s, undertook an import activity of Chinese handcra products with the aim of supporting the political and cultural initiative of the Edizioni Oriente of Milan, the main center for the spread of Maoism in Italy. The testimony is accompanied by a prefatory essay by Gilda Zazzara on Matteini work culture and by a selection of photographs taken by the author during the years of the Cultural Revolution, chosen and introduced by Silvia Calamandrei
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
No full textThe application of the organophosphate larvicide temephos to water storage containers is one of the most commonly employed dengue vector control methods. This systematic literature review is to the knowledge of the authors the first that aims to assess the community-effectiveness of temephos in controlling both vectors and dengue transmission when delivered either as a single intervention or in combination with other interventions. A comprehensive literature search of 6 databases was performed (PubMed, WHOLIS, GIFT, CDSR, EMBASE, Wiley), grey literature and cross references were also screened for relevant studies. Data were extracted and methodological quality of the studies was assessed independently by two reviewers. 27 studies were included in this systematic review (11 single intervention studies and 16 combined intervention studies). All 11 single intervention studies showed consistently that using temephos led to a reduction in entomological indices. Although 11 of the 16 combined intervention studies showed that temephos application together with other chemical vector control methods also reduced entomological indices, this was either not sustained over time or-as in the five remaining studies-failed to reduce the immature stages. The community-effectiveness of temephos was found to be dependent on factors such as quality of delivery, water turnover rate, type of water, and environmental factors such as organic debris, temperature and exposure to sunlight. Timing of temephos deployment and its need for reapplication, along with behavioural factors such as the reluctance of its application to drinking water, and operational aspects such as cost, supplies, time and labour were further limitations identified in this review. In conclusion, when applied as a single intervention, temephos was found to be effective at suppressing entomological indices, however, the same effect has not been observed when temephos was applied in combination with other interventions. There is no evidence to suggest that temephos use is associated with reductions in dengue transmission
Experiential verbs in Homeric Greek
No full textIn Experiential verbs in Homeric Greek. A constructional approach Silvia
Luraghi offers a comprehensive account of construction variation with
two-place verbs belonging to different sub-domains of experience
(including bodily sensation, perception, cognition, emotion and
volitionality) in the Homeric language. Traditionally, variation is
ascribed to the independent meaning of cases that mark the second
argument, and explanations have focused on properties of the latter.
By taking a constructional approach, the author shows that construction
variation also brings about differences in the conceptualization of the
subject/experiencer by pointing to different degrees of control and
awareness. Variation is then shown to refl ect the embodied construal
of experience along with the social dimension of emotion
The use of mobile phones for the prevention and control of arboviral diseases: a scoping review
No full textBackground: The rapid expansion of dengue, Zika and chikungunya with large scale outbreaks are an increasing
public health concern in many countries. Additionally, the recent coronavirus pandemic urged the need to get
connected for fast information transfer and exchange. As response, health programmes have -among other
interventions- incorporated digital tools such as mobile phones for supporting the control and prevention of
infectious diseases. However, little is known about the benefits of mobile phone technology in terms of input,
process and outcome dimensions. The purpose of this scoping review is to analyse the evidence of the use of
mobile phones as an intervention tool regarding the performance, acceptance, usability, feasibility, cost and
effectiveness in dengue, Zika and chikungunya control programmes.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review of studies and reports by systematically searching: i) electronic
databases (PubMed, PLOS ONE, PLOS Neglected Tropical Disease, LILACS, WHOLIS, ScienceDirect and Google
scholar), ii) grey literature, using Google web and iii) documents in the list of references of the selected papers.
Selected studies were categorized using a pre-determined data extraction form. Finally, a narrative summary of the
evidence related to general characteristics of available mobile health tools and outcomes was produced.
Results: The systematic literature search identified 1289 records, 32 of which met the inclusion criteria and 4
records from the reference lists. A total of 36 studies were included coming from twenty different countries. Five
mobile phone services were identified in this review: mobile applications (n = 18), short message services (n=7),
camera phone (n = 6), mobile phone tracking data (n = 4), and simple mobile communication (n = 1). Mobile
phones were used for surveillance, prevention, diagnosis, and communication demonstrating good performance,
acceptance and usability by users, as well as feasibility of mobile phone under real life conditions and effectiveness in terms of contributing to a reduction of vectors/ disease and improving users-oriented behaviour changes. It can be concluded that there are benefits for using mobile phones in the fight against arboviral diseases as well as other epidemic diseases. Further studies particularly on acceptance, cost and effectiveness at scale are recommended
- …
