710 research outputs found
Resilient waterfront futures. Mapping vulnerabilities and designing floating urban models for flood adaptation on the Tiber Delta
No full textThis paper explores the feasibility of floating urban development in Italy, given its extensive coastline and inland hydrographic network. The key drivers for floating urban development, as an adaptive approach in low-lying waterfront areas, include the increasing threats posed by rising sea levels and flooding and the shortage of land for urban expansion. However, as not all waterfront areas are suitable for floating urban development, a geographical analysis based on a thorough evaluation of multiple factors, including urban–economic parameters and climate-related variables, led to the identification of a specific area of the Lazio coast, the river Tiber Delta. A comprehensive urban mapping process provided a multifaceted geo-referenced information layer, including several climatic, urban, anthropic, and environmental parameters. Within the GIS environment, it is possible to extract and perform statistical analyses crucial for assessing the impact of flood and sea-level rise hazards, particularly regarding buildings and land cover. This process provides a robust framework for understanding the spatial dimensions of flood and sea-level rise impacts and supporting informed design-making. A research-by-design phase follows the simulation research and mapping process. Several design scenarios are developed aimed at regenerating this vulnerable area. These scenarios seek to transform its susceptibility to flooding into a resilient, adaptive, urban identity, offering climate-resilient housing solutions for a population currently residing in unauthorized, substandard housing within high flood-risk zones. This paper proposes a comprehensive analytical methodology for supporting the design process of floating urban development, given the highly determinant role of site-specificity in such a challenging and new urban development approach
COMPOSER-LEGISLATORS IN FASCIST ITALY: DISTINGUISHING THE PERSONAL AND LEGISLATIVE VOICES OF ADRIANO LUALDI
No full textIn addition to a list of Lualdi's written works, appendices include a facing English translation of Alceo Toni, et al., “Travagli spirituali del nostro tempo: un manifesto di musicisti italiani per la tradizione dell’arte romantica dell’800,” La stampa, December 17, 1932, 3.During Italy’s fascist period, the government appointed Adriano Lualdi to the
Chamber of Deputies. The once prominent composer, author, and music critic
represented the Fascist Union of Musicians in the chamber and had roles in the
administration of government-subsidized festivals. Although little is written about the
composer-legislator, what is available depicts him as opportunistic and self-serving.
Previous scholarship claims that he used his position in the fascist bureaucracy to his own
advantage by pushing his aesthetic philosophy through legislation. These claims are
substantiated by Lualdi’s private communications and published works which detail his
opinions on musical aesthetics. Comparing Lualdi’s political records to his publications
shows that his personal opinions on aesthetics did not interfere with legislation to the
degree that past scholarship suggests. I argue that previous scholarship conflates Lualdi’s
legislative voice with his personal voice, offering a distorted, and therefore incomplete
version of Adriano Lualdi as a historical figure
Analysis of Refractive Errors in a Large Italian Cohort of Pediatric Subjects Post the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textBackground: The prevalence of refractive errors has sharply risen over recent decades. Despite the established role of genetics in the onset and progression of such conditions, the environment was also shown to play a pivotal role. Indeed, the COVID-19 pandemic has majorly impacted people's lifestyles and healthy habits, especially among the youth, which might have led to a significant increase in this trend. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the actual prevalence of refractive errors in a large cohort of pediatric patients. Methods: A large cohort of 496 participants was screened through anamnesis, a non-cycloplegic autorefractometry, a corrected and uncorrected visual acuity assessment, and a questionnaire and was retrospectively evaluated. Results: Overall, refractive errors were present in 25.1% of eyes, of which 14.6% were diagnosed with myopia/myopic astigmatism and 10.5% with hyperopia/hyperopic astigmatism. Among the patients enrolled, 298 (60%) had their eyes checked one year earlier or before and 122 (25%) had never had ophthalmological consultations; a total of 105 (21%) needed glasses and 34 (7%) required a change in their previous prescription. A substantial increase in daily electronic device screen exposure was declared by 426 patients (87.6%). Conclusions: Pediatric patients appear to have a higher prevalence of refractive errors than before
Tilgher Adriano
No full textDopo un primo accostamento all’idealismo fichtiano, Adriano Tilgher elaborò una concezione della filosofia come tensione irrisolvibile tra opzioni morali e visioni del mondo, rifiutando ogni totalità sistematica. Sul piano religioso, per Tilgher il problema fondamentale di ogni religione è il problema del male: di fronte ad esso, se il buddismo ha proposto di fuggire il mondo, il cristianesimo «ha sempre considerato il mondo, la vita, la società come campi di combattimento e preparazione del cielo». Le soluzioni religiose tradizionali, compreso il cristianesimo, sono, però, afferma Tilgher, in grave crisi, dato l’indebolimento della credenza nell’involucro mitico che le sosteneva, ma il tema del male resta non certo meno pressante del passato e l’autore si mostra estremamente critico anche con le ideologie politiche che hanno preteso di sostituire le tradizioni religiose, non certo risolvendo e anzi aumentando ancora l’entità del male.
Parole chiave: Adriano Tilgher, problema del male, dramma del cristianesimo, mito e religione, anti-totalismo
After an initial approach to Fichtean idealism, Adriano Tilgher developed a conception of philosophy as an irreconcilable tension between moral options and worldviews, rejecting any systematic totality. On a religious level, for Tilgher, the fundamental problem of every religion is the problem of evil: in the face of it, while Buddhism has proposed to escape the world, Christianity "has always regarded the world, life, and society as fields of battle and preparation for heaven." However, traditional religious solutions, including Christianity, are, Tilgher asserts, in serious crisis due to the weakening of belief in the mythical framework that supported them. Yet, the theme of evil remains no less pressing than in the past, and the author is extremely critical of political ideologies that have sought to replace religious traditions, which have not resolved the issue but rather exacerbated the extent of evil.
Keywords: Adriano Tilgher, problem of evil, drama of Christianity, myth and religion, anti-totalis
Constitutive Restrictions for Deformable Simple Media that are Heat Conducting and Electrically Polarizable
No full textWe present the constitutive restrictions for a deformable simple medium that is heat conducting, electrically polarizable and interacting with the electric field, either of elastic type or with a fading memory.
The used theory is an extension of the well known Green-Naghdi thermo-mechanical theories of continua, mainly devoted to thermoelastic bodies or rigid conductors. Hence the theory that is used here is based on an entropy balance law rather than an entropy imbalance, uses the notion of thermal displacement, and predicts
heat propagation by thermal waves at finite speed
Migrações internacionais e mundos do trabalho
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-graduação em HistóriaA presente tese aborda o processo de migrações internacionais e de transformações do mundo do trabalho entre o final do século XX e início do século XXI. Seu foco são os brasileiros e brasileiras, documentados e indocumentados, que, em 2007 e 2008, viviam em Portugal e na Espanha. O trabalho tem como objetivos investigar a história das migrações internacionais entre Brasil, Portugal e Espanha, mostrando a chegada de espanhóis e portugueses no Brasil e o contexto de ampliação das migrações de brasileiros para esses dois últimos países a partir de 1986; mostrar as narrativas, memórias, territórios e o cotidiano dos imigrantes brasileiros em Portugal e Espanha; e identificar as novas faces do trabalho imigrante entre o final do século XX e início do século XXI tendo como referência o trabalho de imigrantes brasileiros na construção civil, na limpeza e no cuidado de pessoas, na agricultura e na hotelaria. O período estudado vai de 1986 até 2008. Dentre as fontes documentais utilizadas estão entrevistas orais, notícias de jornais, documentos oficiais e dados estatísticos. O principal argumento defendido é o de que as migrações internacionais e a dinâmica atual do mundo do trabalho não são algo novo na história, mas são parte de uma estrutura que se mantém há mais de 100 anos. Contudo, a conjuntura do final do século XX e início do século XXI é distinta, principalmente em aspectos relacionados ao trabalho imigrante. Tal trabalho vem sofrendo interferências diretas de alterações mais amplas nos padrões produtivos, nas tecnologias e nos fluxos internacionais do capital e força de trabalho. Ao mesmo tempo, ainda que os imigrantes enfrentem piores condições de trabalho, que tenham lugares reservados para atuar e que recebam menores salários que os trabalhadores nacionais, estes não formam um mundo do trabalho à parte, uma vez que estão contabilizados, como precarizados, entre aqueles que devem produzir a riqueza mundial. Outro argumento defendido é o de que no contexto atual também são distintas para os imigrantes as formas de morar e de viver, bem como as noções de família, comunidade, profissão, emprego, sociabilidade, pertencimento e a maneira como estes lidam com o passado, o presente e o futuro. This dissertation investigates the international migration process and the transformations in the world of work between 1986 and 2008 so as to contribute to deepen the research on international migrations and the contemporary world of work. It focuses on Brazilian documented and non-documented immigrants who were living in Portugal or Spain in 2007 and 2008. The specific objectives of this study are (1) to investigate the history of international migrations among Brazil, Portugal, and Spain focusing on the arrival of the Portuguese and Spanish immigrants in Brazil and the context of expansion of the Brazilian migrations to Portugal and Spain; (2) to identify the narratives, memories, territories, and the everyday life of Brazilian immigrants in Portugal and Spain; (3) to uncover the new features of the immigrant work in the end of the twentieth century and beginning of the present century having as reference the work of Brazilian immigrants in areas like civil construction, cleaning, in the care of people, agriculture, and hotel management. The data analyzed in this study consist of recorded interviews in which Brazilian immigrants tell their life stories, newspaper news, official documents, pictures, statistics, among others. The main argument defended in this study is that the international migrations and the present dynamics of the world of work are not something new in the world history, but they are part of a structure that has been in existence for more than a century. However, the conjuncture of the end of the twentieth century and beginning of the present century is different, especially in aspects related to immigrant work which has been suffering direct interferences from wide changes in the productive patterns, in the technology, international flux of capital and work force. Despite the fact that the immigrants have worse working conditions, specific working areas, and get lower salaries that the national workers, they do not form an apart world of work, since they are counted as precarious workers between those who have to generate the worldwide wealth. Another argument defended in this dissertation is that in the present context the ways of living as well as the notions of family, community, profession, employment, sociability, belonging and the way the migrants deal with the past, the present, and the future are also different
Accuracy of Formulas for Intraocular Lens Power Calculation After Myopic Refractive Surgery
No full textPURPOSE: To assess the accuracy of the following intraocular lens (IOL) power formulas: Barrett True-K No History (BTKNH), Emmetropia Verifying Optical 2.0 Post Myopic LASIK/PRK (EVO 2.0), Haigis-L, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ASCRS) average, and Shammas, designed for patients who have undergone previous myopic refractive surgery, independent of preexisting clinical history and corneal tomographic measurements.METHODS: Data from 302 eyes of 302 patients who previously underwent myopic refractive surgery and had cataract surgery done by a single surgeon with only one IOL type inserted were included. The predicted refraction was calculated for each of the formulas and compared with the actual refractive outcome to give the prediction error. Subgroup analysis based on the axial length and mean keratometry was performed.RESULTS: On the basis of mean absolute prediction error (MAE), the formulas were ranked as follows: Haigis-L (0.61 diopters [D]), ASCRS average (0.63 D), BTKNH (0.67 D), EVO 2.0 (0.68 D), and Shammas (0.69 D). The Haigis-L had a statistically significant lower MAE compared with all formulas (P < .05) except the ASCRS average. Hyperopic mean prediction errors were seen in all formulas for axial lengths of greater than 30 mm or mean keratometry values of 35.00 diopters or less.CONCLUSIONS: The Haigis-L and the ASCRS average formulas provided the most accurate results in the overall population evaluated in this study. Moreover, according to data observed, it is important to be careful handling very long eyes and very flat corneas because hyperopic refractions could be more common
Reply: Bias That Should Be Avoided to Obtain a Reliable Study of IOL Power Calculation After Myopic Refractive Surgery
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