1,721,012 research outputs found
Building Age-Inclusive Communities
No full textItem is not available in this repository.Sarah Kantartzis - ORCID: 0000-0001-5191-015X https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5191-015XAge-inclusive communities are broadly defined as communities that enable the participation of all members across the age spectrum. Given the centrality of occupation within age-inclusive communities, it is vital that occupational therapists are part of ongoing intersectoral and interdisciplinary efforts to build such communities and do so in partnership with older adults. Two broad models that address key contextual elements central in building age-inclusive communities are presented in this chapter, including the widely used World Health Organization’s (WHO) Age-Friendly Cities and Communities Framework (WHO, 2007) and a more recent critically informed Model of Social Exclusion proposed by Walsh et al. (2017). In addition, the chapter draws on contributions from various occupational therapy scholars who provide examples of concepts and processes that can inform occupational therapy practice aimed at contributing to age-inclusive communities, pointing to diverse possibilities and the centrality of collaboration with older adults and community stakeholders. © 2025 Elsevier Inc., its licensors, and contributors. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.pubpu
Arthritis-related Occupational Therapy: Making invisible ruling relations visible using institutional ethnography
No full textIntroduction: Occupational therapists' intention of enabling women with rheumatoid arthritis to participate in everyday life is fraught with challenges in everyday practice.Method: Inspired by institutional ethnography, this paper aims to make explicit how the work of occupational therapists in an outpatient rheumatology hospital setting is governed within invisible, ruling relations. An analytical description of the first author's clinical experience was a standpoint from which to explicate how occupational therapy is coordinated to the ruling relations of the Austrian health care system.Findings: Occupational therapy practice and research are ruled within a positivist, body-focused, medical apparatus, which renders largely invisible occupational therapists' knowledge of enabling people to engage in occupations that are meaningful to them.Conclusion: Occupational therapists have professional power that can be asserted by strategically using occupational therapy specific knowledge and language in textually mediated practices, from assessments and case files to media images, to give greater visibility and influence to the profession's work of enabling occupation.Source type: Electronic(1
Critical dialogical approach: A methodological direction for occupation-based social transformative work
Get PDFBackground:
Calls for embracing the potential and responsibility of occupational therapy to
address socio-political conditions that perpetuate occupational injustices have materialized in
the literature. However, to reach beyond traditional frameworks informing practices, this social
agenda requires the incorporation of diverse epistemological and methodological approaches to
support action commensurate with social transformative goals.
Aim:
Our intent is to present a methodological approach that can help extend the ways
of thinking or frameworks used in occupational therapy and science to support the ongoing
development of practices with and for individuals and collectives affected by marginaliz-
ing conditions.
Method:
We describe the epistemological and theoretical underpinnings of a methodological
approach drawing on Freire and Bakhtin
’
s work.
Results:
Integrating our shared experience taking part in an example study, we discuss
the unique advantages of co-generating data using two methods aligned with this approach;
dialogical interviews and critical reflexivity.
Discussion:
Key considerations when employing this approach are presented, based on its
proposed epistemological and theoretical stance and our shared experiences engaging in it.
Significance:
A critical dialogical approach offers one way forward in expanding occupational
therapy and science scholarship by promoting collaborative knowledge generation and examin-
ation of taken-for-granted understandings that shape individuals assumptions and actions
Managing population at the end of the 1980s : the construction of health promotion and disease prevention as an expression of a neoliberal rationality : a critical discourse analysis of White Paper no. 41, 1987-88 Health Policy Toward the Year 2000. National Health Plan
Get PDFThe “neoliberal turn” that has played out since the last decades of the twentieth century has received much scholarly attention in terms of the ways in which neoliberalism – seen as a set of economic policies – has negatively impacted health. Less attention has been given to the ways in which the new social policies of prevention and health promotion, that were elaborated in the same period, can be understood as a part of the shift, as well as the empirical study of the particular ways in which the neoliberal rationality of population management is expressed in the concrete social policies themselves.
Part I of the thesis aims to demonstrate the importance of conceiving of public health not only in terms of how the economic policies responsible for “releasing market forces” has led to negative impacts on public health, but also as a central social policy in the construction of the conditions of possibility for the competitive market economy itself; as well as the relevance of such an approach to the study of social policies of prevention and health promotion in Norway during the 1980s, a country which is generally perceived to be “social democratic,”
rather than “neoliberal.”
Part II presents the findings from a critical discourse analysis of “Health Policy Toward the Year 2000. National Health Plan,” a White Paper published by the Department of Social Affairs under Labor at the end of the 1980s. The text is analyzed within a governmentality-framework and from the question: how is public health discursively constructed in the text?
Part III discusses how a neoliberal rationality can be seen expressed in the discursive construction of “public health” found in this social policy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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