323,400 research outputs found
'Every generation has to make its own women's movement'
No full textIn this interview Sheila Rowbotham talks to Jo Littler about her involvement in feminism and politics over several decades. This ranges across her role in the Women's Liberation Movement, left activism, historical scholarship, work with in the Greater London Council (GLC), involvement in the international homeworking movement and her secret life as a poet
Pharmacological characterization of the bifunctional opioid ligand H-Dmt-Tic-Gly-NH-Bzl (UFP-505)
No full textBACKGROUND: While producing good-quality analgesia, μ-opioid (MOP) receptor activation produces a number of side-effects including tolerance. Simultaneous blockade of δ-opioid (DOP) receptors has been shown to reduce tolerance to morphine. Here, we characterize a prototype bifunctional opioid H-Dmt-Tic-Gly-NH-Bzl (UFP-505).
METHODS: We measured receptor binding affinity in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing recombinant human MOP, DOP, k-opioid (KOP), nociceptin/orphanin (NOP) receptors. For activation, we measured the binding of GTPγ(35)S to membranes from CHO(hMOP), CHO(hDOP), rat cerebrocortex, and rat spinal cord. In addition, we assessed 'end organ' responses in the guinea pig ileum and mouse vas deferens.
RESULTS: UFP-505 bound to CHO(hMOP) and CHO(hDOP) with (binding affinity) pK(i) values of 7.79 and 9.82, respectively. There was a weak interaction at KOP and NOP (pK(i) 6.29 and 5.86). At CHO(hMOP), UFP-505 stimulated GTPγ(35)S binding with potency (pEC(50)) of 6.37 and in CHO(hDOP) reversed the effects of a DOP agonist with affinity (pK(b)) of 9.81 (in agreement with pK(i) at DOP). UFP-505 also stimulated GTPγ(35)S binding in rat cerebrocortex and spinal cord with pEC(50) values of 6.11-6.53. In the guinea pig ileum (MOP-rich preparation), UFP-505 inhibited contractility with pEC(50) of 7.50 and in the vas deferens (DOP-rich preparation) reversed the effects of a DOP agonist with an affinity (pA(2)) of 9.15.
CONCLUSIONS: We have shown in a range of preparations and assays that UFP-505 behaves as a potent MOP agonist and DOP antagonist; a MOP/DOP bifunctional opioid. Further studies in dual expression systems and whole animals with this prototype are warranted
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A descriptive analysis of the role of co-speech gestures in the representation of information about pain quality
No full textEffective pain communication is essential if adequate treatment and support are to be provided. However, the communication of pain is often problematic and carries the risk of misinterpretation, particularly when communicating about the character or quality of pain. Research indicates that co-speech gestures are frequently produced during pain communication and contain important information about the pain experience (Heath, 2002; Hyden & Peolsson, 2002; Rowbotham et al., 2012); recent work revealed that information about pain quality is most often represented in both speech and gestures together (Rowbotham et al., in press). In the present study, we used qualitative methods to investigate how co-speech gestures interact with speech in the representation of pain quality. The results revealed that when both speech and gestures contained information about pain quality, gestures contributed additional information in two key ways. Firstly, gestures represented more precise information about the same aspects of pain quality as are contained in speech, thus clarifying the verbal message, and secondly, gestures added information about different (and thus entirely new) aspects of pain quality than those contained in speech, providing a fuller overall representation of the pain sensation. This suggests that gestures play an important role in representing information about pain quality and need to be attended to if we are to obtain a fuller and more precise understanding of others’ pain
A descriptive analysis of the role of co-speech gestures in the representation of information about pain quality
No full textEffective pain communication is essential if adequate treatment and support are to be provided. However, the communication of pain is often problematic and carries the risk of misinterpretation, particularly when communicating about the character or quality of pain. Research indicates that co-speech gestures are frequently produced during pain communication and contain important information about the pain experience (Heath, 2002; Hyden & Peolsson, 2002; Rowbotham et al., 2012); recent work revealed that information about pain quality is most often represented in both speech and gestures together (Rowbotham et al., in press). In the present study, we used qualitative methods to investigate how co-speech gestures interact with speech in the representation of pain quality. The results revealed that when both speech and gestures contained information about pain quality, gestures contributed additional information in two key ways. Firstly, gestures represented more precise information about the same aspects of pain quality as are contained in speech, thus clarifying the verbal message, and secondly, gestures added information about different (and thus entirely new) aspects of pain quality than those contained in speech, providing a fuller overall representation of the pain sensation. This suggests that gestures play an important role in representing information about pain quality and need to be attended to if we are to obtain a fuller and more precise understanding of others’ pain
A descriptive analysis of the role of co-speech gestures in the representation of information about pain quality
No full textEffective pain communication is essential if adequate treatment and support are to be provided. However, the communication of pain is often problematic and carries the risk of misinterpretation, particularly when communicating about the character or quality of pain. Research indicates that co-speech gestures are frequently produced during pain communication and contain important information about the pain experience (Heath, 2002; Hyden & Peolsson, 2002; Rowbotham et al., 2012); recent work revealed that information about pain quality is most often represented in both speech and gestures together (Rowbotham et al., in press). In the present study, we used qualitative methods to investigate how co-speech gestures interact with speech in the representation of pain quality. The results revealed that when both speech and gestures contained information about pain quality, gestures contributed additional information in two key ways. Firstly, gestures represented more precise information about the same aspects of pain quality as are contained in speech, thus clarifying the verbal message, and secondly, gestures added information about different (and thus entirely new) aspects of pain quality than those contained in speech, providing a fuller overall representation of the pain sensation. This suggests that gestures play an important role in representing information about pain quality and need to be attended to if we are to obtain a fuller and more precise understanding of others’ pain
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
