36,305 research outputs found
Contributo alla conoscenza delle risorse genetiche del nocciolo (Corylus avellana, L.) in Campania.
No full textContributo alla conoscenza delle risorse genetiche del nocciolo (Corylus avellana, L.) in Campania.
No full textContributo alla conoscenza delle risorse genetiche del nocciolo (Corylus avellana, L.) in Campania.
No full textLaser-patterning stainless steel with nonlinear laser lithography for enhanced tribological properties
No full textBioactivity of wild hop extracts against the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.)
No full textThe use of bioinsecticides, rather than synthetic compounds, appears a goal to be pursued in pest control, especially for species such as Sitophilus granarius (L.) which attack stored products. Since Humulus lupulus (L.) is a remarkable source of bioactive compounds, this study investigated the bioactivity of hop flower extracts against S. granarius adults by evaluating toxic (contact, inhalation, and ingestion), repellent, antifeedant, and nutritional effects as well as their anticholinesterase activity and olfactory sensitivity. Hop extracts were obtained by soaking dried and ground hop cones in solvents of decreasing polarity: methanol, acetone, and n-hexane. Dried crude extracts were resuspended in each solvent, and used in topical application, ingestion, and fumigation toxicity assays, as well as in contact and short-range repellency tests, in vitro anticholinesterase activity evaluation, and electroantennographic tests. No inhalation toxicity for the extracts was found. On the contrary, all extracts showed adult contact toxicity 24 h after treatment (LD50/LD90 16.17/33.20, 25.77/42.64, and 31.07/49.48 μg/adult for acetone, n-hexane, and methanol extracts, respectively); negligible variations for these values at 48 h were found. The anticholinesterase activity shown by all extracts suggested that the inhibition of this enzyme was one of the mechanisms of action. Interestingly, flour disk bioassays revealed a significant ingestion toxicity for the acetone extract and a lower toxicity for the other two extracts. Moreover, all extracts affected insect nutritional parameters, at the highest dose checked. Filter paper and two-choice pitfall bioassays showed repellent activity and a strong reduction of insect orientation to a highly attractive food odor source, with minor differences among extracts, respectively. Finally, the presence of volatile compounds in the different extracts that are perceived by insect antennae was confirmed by electroantennography. All these findings strongly suggest a possible use of hop cone extracts against S. granarius, thus further confirming this plant as an interesting species for pest control
Studi sierologici su Sitophilus granarius (L.), S. oryzae (L.), S. zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
No full textEFFICACY OF FOUR MOTIVATIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING ORAL HYGIENE. TWO-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL
No full textPURPOSE. The aim of this randomised clinical trial with blinded examiner was to compare the efficacy of four different methods of enhancing oral hygiene motivation in: (i) re-ducing the full-mouth plaque score (FMPS) and full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS); (ii) modifying patient behaviour; (iii) the amount of intervention time required; and (iv) the degree of patient satisfaction at two-year follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In a private practice, 100 subjects aged 18-75 years with at least 20 teeth/implants and an FMPS ≥40% were consecutively recruited. From baseline to two-year follow-up, subjects were randomly allocated to four different oral hygiene motivational techniques: standard oral hygiene instructions (SOHI), reading a pamphlet (P), watching a video (V), or Brief Motivational Interview (BMI). The outcome variables considered were: reduction in FMPS, reduction in FMBS, frequency of daily tooth brushing, frequency of daily flossing, motivational intervention time, degree of patient satisfaction, patient perception of oral health (by means of a questionnaire), and number of teeth lost in association with each method. A single operator delivered all motivational sessions and professional oral hygiene at baseline, and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Another operator, blinded to the methods used, recorded the variables at base-line, and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. RESULTS. At 24-month follow-up, there were no significant differences between the four tested methods in either FMPS (-20.9 for SOHI,-23.1 for P,-25.1 for V, and-27.1 for BMI; P = 0.4407), FMBS (-1.9 for SOHI,-3.1 for P,-0.7 for V, and-4.0 for BMI; P = 0.3110), degree of patient satisfaction (P = 0.3559), improvement in perception of oral health (P = 0.8069), frequency of daily flossing (P = 0.2118), or number of teeth lost (P = 0.2108). Although the total time required for motivation was significantly greater for the BMI as compared to all other techniques (P <0.0001), the frequency of daily tooth brushing significantly increased after BMI as compared to SOHI and V (the difference between BMI and SOHI was 0.6; 95%CI from 0.2 to 1.0, and the difference between BMI and V was 0.5 95%CI from 0.0 to 0.9; P = 0.0022). CONCLUSIONS. All tested methods improved FMPS and FMBS and were appreciated by all subjects. The change in patient behaviour was more pronounced in the BMI group, but the intervention time required was greater than for the other techniques; nevertheless, it was compatible with a professional oral hygiene session of one-hour duration
Caratterizzazione microstrutturale e prove di resilienza su giunti Friction Stir Welding e Linear Friction Welding di compositi a matrice metallica
No full textIn questo studio sono stati caratterizzati giunti Friction Stir Welding e Linear Friction Welding su compositi a matrice in lega di alluminio e rinforzo particellare ceramico. Il processo FSW è stato applicato a due compositi ottenuti con processo fusorio, quindi estrusi e trattati termicamente T6: AA6061/20%vol.Al2O3p e AA7005/10%vol.Al2O3p. I giunti LFW sono stati invece realizzati su un composito con matrice in lega di alluminio e rinforzo particellare in carburo di silicio, ottenuto mediante metallurgia delle polveri, quindi forgiato e trattato termicamente T4: AA2124/25%vol.SiCp. Sono stati esaminati gli effetti della saldatura sullecaratteristiche microstrutturali dei giunti, avvalendosi di tecniche di microscopia ottica con analisi di immagine e di microscopia elettronica in scansione (SEM) con microsonda a dispersione di energia (EDS). Sono state quindi condotte prove di resilienza con pendolo strumentato Charpy. Lo studio dei meccanismi di danneggiamento è stato effettuato mediante analisi al SEM delle superfici di frattura. Entrambi i processi di saldatura hanno portato a giunti sostanzialmente esenti da difetti. La microstruttura dei cordoni è risultata dipendente sia dalle caratteristiche microstrutturali iniziali dei compositi considerati, sia dalla tipologia di processo di saldatura. Nel caso dei compositi AA6061/20%Al2O3p e AA7005/10%Al2O3p saldati FSW si è osservato un sostanziale incremento di resilienza, rispetto al materiale base, in conseguenza dell’affinamento dei grani della matrice, della riduzione della dimensione media delle particelle di rinforzo e della loro spigolosità, indotte dal processo di saldatura. Il composito AA2124/25%SiCp saldato LFW ha presentato valori di resilienza confrontabili con quelli del materiale base, in conseguenza, soprattutto, dei limitati effetti della saldatura su dimensione e distribuzione delle particelle di rinforzo
Nonlinear laser lithography for enhanced tribological properties
No full textDate of Conference: 10-15 May 2015Conference name: 2015 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)This paper investigates a new field for application of femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). We designed an innovative solution to reduce coefficient of friction of mechanical parts by using the nonlinear laser lithography technique (NLL). © 2015 OSA
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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