1,721,246 research outputs found
Porous Ceramics — Basics and Applications in Food and Water Industries
No full textThe following sections are included:Ceramic Membranes — Basic DefinitionsPreparation of Ceramic MembranesIntermediate and top layersIndustrial Applications of Ceramic MembranesThe Food and Beverage IndustryThe dairy industryPasteurizationCheese productionWhey separationRecycling of brine and cleaning solutionsConclusionsOrange juiceApple juiceFermented beveragesWineThe rackingWine lees filtrationCold pasteurizationBeerMash and draff filtrationCold pasteurizationRecovery of beer from fermentation and maturation vesselsConclusionsWater TreatmentMembrane DistillationPervaporationWastewater TreatmentThe pulp and paper industryThe textile industryThe petrochemical industryTreating municipal wastewaterMembrane Bioreactors (MBRs)Reference
The Basics
Get PDFPorous materials is a fascinating field. In the past, pores were considered defects in the solid structure, but since their first dedicated use in 17th century, porous materials have become increasingly important in separation, reaction, and energy storage. A vast literature on the topic has described the materials themselves, characterized them, and studied their transport and functions. The number of research works in the field of porous materials is growing fast, and, as in many other fields of science and engineering, things are sometimes rediscovered or reinvented. New information flows in, and needs to be summarized, arranged and distributed in a timely manner. The last comprehensive reference work on the topic, Handbook of Porous Solids, was published in 2002. Since then, there have been important developments in several emerging fields. The aim of this Handbook of Porous Materials (In 4 Volumes), is to provide a comprehensive yet handy and understandable update on the state-of-the-art in the synthesis, characterisation, and applications of porous materials in the 21st century
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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