106 research outputs found
Aharon Appelfeld et quelques contemporains
No full textI would like to compare the Israeli experience of Aharon Appelfeld to that of other contemporaries who witnessed the first decades of the State. Survivors of the Shoah, confined in the Kibbutzim and agriculture schools which change their names, wipe out their past and try to turn them into Jewish peasants, these teenagers—most of them orphans—seek their path in life. Among them the writer Shammai Golan, author of autobiographical novels, born in 1933, Israel Levin, soldier and kibbutznik of Yagur, hero of a recent biographical novel by Roni Sarig, and I would add the painter Maryan (Pinchas Burstein), born in 1927
The Lost World of Unspoken Horrors: Aharon Appelfeld’s Holocaust Universe
No full textThis volume offers a close reading of five novels by Aharon Appelfeld (1982-2018), Israel’s most celebrated Shoah author. Fuelled by a desire to introduce this literary giant to foreign language readers, this illuminating collection of essays is a tribute to a prolific writer who, for more than four decades, won international acclaim for his subtle and enigmatic novels, which shimmer with premonitions of the unimaginable horror to come. Overflowing with lucid insights, this deeply reflective study demonstrates how Appelfeld’s stories, usually set in the years immediately before and after the destruction of European Jewry, transform memory into fiction and encase within their midst unfathomable depths in the search for meaning and healing
A stochastic differential model for cell migration and mutual cell-cell interactions
No full textMotivated by two biological questions concerning the way radiation treatment affects cell behaviour and the way interactions between cells control cell segregation and cluster formation, we constructed a mathematical model for cell migration and interactions. Starting from first principles and basic biological assumptions, we arrived at a stochastic differential equation where the drift term accounts for short term interactions between cells and the random term accounts for independent cell motion. Likelihoods of different values for model parameters given particle paths were obtained using Girsanov theorem, and then used to estimate actual parameter values by maximising these likelihoods (MLE). Accuracy of this method was tested by comparing estimated parameter values given computer generated paths to the actual values used to generate these paths, for a few different drift functions. Application of this technique to a data set containing real cell paths which were observed in laboratory experiments studying the effect of radiation treatment on cell migration and interaction unveiled a clear trend in cells’ response: radiation dosage of 10Gy was found to increase cell motility by 50% and diminish cell adhesion effectively to zero. An extended version of our model which further accounts for cell births and interactions between different population types was designed to help understand cell segregation and cluster formation regulated by cell membrane proteins called Eph and ephrin. First this helped identify the significant components in controlling the behaviour and dynamics displayed by the biological system, which has countlessly more components over many time and distance scales. Second, when compared against experimental results it was able to replicate both the dynamics and range of cell segregation that was observed in the laboratory by our collaborators. We thus present here a powerful yet simple model which is both generic and versatile. With only a small number of parameters that can be estimated from data containing cell paths, it holds information regarding independent cell motion and mutual cell-cell interactions, and can reproduce, predict and help analyse dynamics and behaviours observed in laboratory experiments
Natronospira
No full textNa.tro.no.spi’ra. N.L. neut. n. natron (arbitrarily derived from the Arabic n. natrun or natron), soda; L. fem. n. spira, coil; N.L. fem. n. Natronospira, a soda-loving coil-shaped bacterium.The genus Natronospira was originally classified as a member of the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae, order Chromatiales, and class Gammaproteobacteria, according to the 16S rRNA-based gene sequence comparison, while according to the phylogenomic analysis it forms a separate order-level branch within the Gammaproteobacteria unrelated to the Chromatiales members. It is an aerobic heterotroph that preferably utilizes proteins and peptides for growth. Natronospira is an extremely salt-tolerant, chloride-independent obligate alkaliphile. It inhabits oxic brines of hypersaline soda lakes, particularly in southwestern Siberia. The genus currently includes a single (type) species:N. proteinivora. DNA G +C content (%): 59.8 (genome). Type species: Natronospira proteinivora Sorokin et al. 2017VP.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work publicBT/Environmental Biotechnolog
From Philosophy to Spiritual Science – Yeshayahu Ben-Aharon on Gilles Deleuze and Rudolf Steiner
No full textRudolf Steiner conceived of his work as a ‘spiritual science’. In his book on the history of philosophy 'The Riddles of Philosophy', he writes that one can expect philosophy in the future to develop in the direction of a spiritual science. Hundred years after Steiner the question arises whether such a development can be seen. The following article explores this question on the basis of the work of Dr Yeshayahu Ben-Aharon. Ben-Aharon claims that in the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze such a development can be perceived. Taking Ben-Aharon’s work as point of departure, the article explores this claim by focusing on Steiner’s idea of a living death process constitutive of human consciousness and shows how this can be found also in Deleuze’s thinking. According to Steiner, what he terms an ‘imaginative cognition’ is related to the experience of this process. The notion of a spiritual science is then discussed with regard to the works of Deleuze and his co-author Félix Guattari and their notion of a ‘nomad’ science of intensity and the virtual. Ben-Aharon’s reading of Deleuze and Guattari is contextualized by Ben-Aharon’s own account of the creation of imaginative cognition. This shows how the idea of an immanent relation between life and death can be brought to bear on Deleuze and Guattari’s claim that philosophy creates a new virtuality. The article ends by outlining Ben-Aharon’s critique of Deleuze, pointing to a difference between Steiner’s spiritual science and Deleuze and Guattari’s philosophy of impersonal intensive individuation without any identity
From Philosophy to Spiritual Science – Yeshayahu Ben-Aharon on Gilles Deleuze and Rudolf Steiner
No full textRudolf Steiner conceived of his work as a ‘spiritual science’. In his book on the history of philosophy 'The Riddles of Philosophy', he writes that one can expect philosophy in the future to develop in the direction of a spiritual science. Hundred years after Steiner the question arises whether such a development can be seen. The following article explores this question on the basis of the work of Dr Yeshayahu Ben-Aharon. Ben-Aharon claims that in the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze such a development can be perceived. Taking Ben-Aharon’s work as point of departure, the article explores this claim by focusing on Steiner’s idea of a living death process constitutive of human consciousness and shows how this can be found also in Deleuze’s thinking. According to Steiner, what he terms an ‘imaginative cognition’ is related to the experience of this process. The notion of a spiritual science is then discussed with regard to the works of Deleuze and his co-author Félix Guattari and their notion of a ‘nomad’ science of intensity and the virtual. Ben-Aharon’s reading of Deleuze and Guattari is contextualized by Ben-Aharon’s own account of the creation of imaginative cognition. This shows how the idea of an immanent relation between life and death can be brought to bear on Deleuze and Guattari’s claim that philosophy creates a new virtuality. The article ends by outlining Ben-Aharon’s critique of Deleuze, pointing to a difference between Steiner’s spiritual science and Deleuze and Guattari’s philosophy of impersonal intensive individuation without any identity
"Expedição ao inverno", de Aharon Appelfeld: a tradução hebraica de uma questão judaica
No full textEste artigo propõe uma leitura do romance "Expedição ao inverno", do escritor de língua hebraica Aharon Appelfeld, recém traduzido ao português, a partir do retrato que ele aí traça do universo judaico da Bucovina, antiga província do Império Austro-Húngaro incorporada à Romênia após a 1ª Guerra Mundial e lugar de nascimento do autor. Neste romance, como em outros dos romances do autor ambientados nesta região da Europa Central, Appelfeld desenha um universo judaico muito singular, dividido entre o interesse pela cultura alemã e pelo Iluminismo, por um lado, e uma vinculação a cada tanto mais atenuada pelo hassidismo e pela tradição religiosa, de outro. Estes dois aspectos opostos – e frequentemente conflituosos – do judaísmo centro-europeu conduziram a uma cisão em que ambas as facções se viram cada vez mais marginalizadas pelo nacionalismo romeno no período entre-guerras. Ao mesmo tempo, esta divisão impedia os judeus de se darem conta do perigo iminente que decorria da ascensão do nazismo e da expansão do III Reich durante a 2ª Guerra Mundial, que pegaria esta comunidade de surpresa. O propósito do autor, neste como em outros romances, é, deliberadamente, o de fazer uma reconstrução de seu universo de origem e, neste sentido, aproximações são feitas entre o romance em questão e trechos de entrevistas concedidas pelo autor em diferentes oportunidades. “Journey into winter”, by Aharon Appelfeld: the Hebrew translation for a Jewish question - Abstract: This article examines Aharon Appelfeld’s Journey into Winter, a novel recently translated into Portuguese, from the point of view of the Jewish universe of Bucovina, a former province of the AustroHungarian Empire which has been incorporated into Romania after World War I where this author was born. In this novel, as in other novels by the same author, Appelfeld draws a peculiar Jewish universe divided between the interest in German culture and in Illuminism, on the one hand, and a dwindling connection to Hassidism and to the vanished religious tradition, on the other. These two opposing and often conflicting aspects of Central European Judaism have led to a division in the Jewish communities where both factions were taken by surprise by the arrival of nazi troops. Appelfeld seems to draw a connection between this schism and the Jews’ unawareness of the impending danger.The author’s purpose in this novel, as in other of his novels, seems to be to make a literary reconstruction of his universe of origin and therefore I have tried to draw some parelells between the novel and the contents of some interviews with Appelfeld
Towards a Literary Reappraisal of the "Historical Witness". Primo Levi - Aharon Appelfeld - Philip Roth
No full textPendant de nombreuses années, Aharon Appelfeld, Philip Roth et Primo Levi entretiennent une sorte de « dialogue à distance », interrompu en 1987 par la mort de ce dernier. Notre travail vise à analyser les modalités à travers lesquelles la production de ces trois écrivains – marqués de manière plus ou moins « directe » par l’histoire de la deuxième guerre mondiale et la mémoire de la Shoah – complexifie, avant tout sur le plan fictionnel, une certaine conception du témoignage, dont les enjeux esthétiques sont loin d’être anodins. Certes, dans un premier temps il a été important de reconstituer la correspondance triangulaire entre Levi, Appelfeld et Roth ; bien que fondamentale, ce n’est pas la composante philologique de notre recherche que nous avons souhaité mettre en avant, mais plutôt la pertinence d’un rapprochement de corpus en apparence distants, et pourtant liés par des questionnements analogues. Il est évident que si la possibilité de consulter, donc de disposer de documents d’archive pour la plupart inédits et d’accéder à des échanges parfois publics – quoique destinés à un auditoire en quelque sorte « communautaire » – a été précieuse afin d’alimenter la réflexion, le fait de lier de manière trop manifeste les considérations au sujet des démarches (poétiques ou politiques) de nos trois auteurs à leur complicité intellectuelle et, le cas échéant, à leur amitié aurait pu minimiser la portée de certaines observations – et suggérer de faux rapports de cause à effet.My doctoral thesis explores the relationship between literature and historical witnessing. By focusing on the works of Primo Levi, Aharon Appelfeld, and Philip Roth (authors who relate in very different ways the trauma of the Holocaust), my research aims at investigating the enmeshment of aesthetic and epistemological issues. My comparative exploration of these authors is motivated by and allows for a conceptual layering of the problem along three distinct research axes : (1) each author maintains a different degree of autobiographical involvement with the genocidal facts he evokes, ranging from maximum directness (Levi) to an oblique post hoc distance (Roth) ; (2) each author thematizes the problem by framing fictional situations in which characters have to cope with the plastic tension of narrative recollection ; (3) there is a twofold factual link between the three authors consisting in (a) explicit or covert intertextual quotations (e.g. Levi and Appelfeld become characters in Roth’s "Operation Shylock") and, more significantly, (b) an under-investigated circular correspondence in which each of them discusses at length the gains and losses of (literary) historical witnessing. The core of my project, therefore, is grounded in the long-distance conversation on the reworking of memories between Aharon Appelfeld, Philip Roth and Primo Levi – a three-way conversation that perforce ceased with Levi’s death in 1987
“The War at the Gates” by Shelomo ben Aharon of Poswol: Issues of Text Reading and Interpretation
No full textThe article presents—using the Karaite work “The War at the Gates” by Shelomo ben Aharon (17th/18th century; a polemic with rabbinic Judaism)—three common issues related to the analysis of Hebrew manuscripts written before the 19th century. These issues include: (1) determining the fundamental meaning of individual parts of the work; (2) analyzing the argumentative structure of the work’s narrative in relation to its biblical interpretation, which seeks to justify specific religious laws established within the religious community of the tradition/author; (3) verifying certain commonly accepted scholarly assumptions. I demonstrate how I addressed these challenges while working on the aforementioned treatise and attempt to draw generalized, practical conclusions
I Will Fable for You a Fable: Stories and Fables According to the Bible, the Sages, Aesop, Krylov, La Fontaine
No full textThere are eight fables on 24 pages: The Lion and the Stork; The Frog and the Bull; The Precious Stone and the Gray Stone; The Locust and the Ant; LM; The Woodchopper and the Ring; The Trees Wishing to Crown a King; and FG. I am delighted to see that the biblical fable from Judges 9:8 made it into this text. Notice that several traditional animals are let go here for replacements, specifically the lion for the wolf and the locust for the cicada. The fox in this illustration is eating the grapes! The strongest of the illustrations may be that for OF. Of course, the book moves in the opposite direction from ours.This is a hardbound book (hard cover)Language note: HebrewDeborah Ome
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