896 research outputs found
M.S. Kutorga and V.M. Vedrov: Conflict of Teacher and Student
No full textВ статье рассматривается конфликт между М.С. Куторгой и его учеником В.М. Ведровым. Исследуются причины конфликта, а также то влияние, которое он оказал на дальнейшую научную карьеру ученика. This article discusses the conflict between M.S. Kutorga and his student V.M. Vedrov. The author investigates the causes of the conflict and its impact on academic career V.M. Vedrov
Controlled Bio-Orthogonal Catalysis Using Nanozyme–Protein Complexes via Modulation of Electrostatic Interactions
No full textBio-orthogonal chemistry provides a powerful tool for drug delivery systems due to its ability to generate therapeutic agents in situ, minimizing off-target effects. Bio-orthogonal transition metal catalysts (TMCs) with stimuli-responsive properties offer possibilities for controllable catalysis due to their spatial-, temporal-, and dosage-controllable properties. In this paper, we fabricated a stimuli-responsive bio-orthogonal catalysis system based on an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)–nanozyme (NZ) complex (EGFP-NZ). Regulation of the catalytic properties of the EGFP-NZ complex was directly achieved by modulating the ionic strength of the solution. The dielectric screening introduced by salt ions allows the dissociation of the EGFP-NZ complex, increasing the access of substrate to the active site of the NZs and concomitantly increasing nanozyme activity. The change in catalytic rate of the NZ/EGFP = 1:1 complex was positively correlated with salt concentration from 0 mM to 150 mM
Dedicated to the 90th birth anniversary of academician V.M. Glushkov
No full text24 августа 2013 года исполнилось 90 лет со дня рождения Виктора Михайловича Глушкова — выдающегося ученого, автора фундаментальных работ в области кибернетики, вычислительной техники и прикладной математики. Академик В.М. Глушков прожил 58 лет, а 35 лет его творческого пути принесли мировой науке сотни основополагающих работ, способствующих формированию кибернетики как науки.On 24 August 2013 ninety years passed since Victor Glushkov’s birthday, who was an outstanding scientist, author of fundamental works in the field of cybernetics, computer engineering and applied mathematics. Academician V.M. Glushkov lived to be 58, and 35 years of his creative development brought hundreds of works which contributed to forming cybernetics as a science. V.M. Glushkov joined such important courses of scientific-technical progress as the cybernetics fundamentals development and practical methods of developing computer engineering forming. He was one of the founders of the interdepartmental collection of scientific papers “Cybernetics and Computer Engineering”. Thoughtful scientist and unsurpassed pedagogue V.M. Glushkov is a founder of a world-known school
Engineered Polymer-Supported Biorthogonal Nanocatalysts Using Flash Nanoprecipitation
No full textTransition-metal catalysts (TMCs) effect bioorthogonal transformations that enable the generation of therapeutic agents in situ, minimizing off-target effects. The encapsulation of insoluble TMCs into polymeric nanoparticles to generate "polyzymes" has vastly expanded their applicability in biological environments by enhancing catalyst solubility and stability. However, commonly used precipitation approaches provide limited encapsulation efficiency in polyzyme fabrication and result in a low catalytic activity. Herein, we report the creation of polyzymes with increased catalyst loading and optimized turnover efficiency using flash nanoprecipitation (FNP). Polyzymes with controlled size and catalyst loading were fabricated by tuning the process conditions of FNP. The biological applicability of polyzymes was demonstrated by efficiently transforming a non-toxic prodrug into the active drug within cancer cells. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved
Protection and Isolation of Bioorthogonal Metal Catalysts by Using Monolayer-Coated Nanozymes
No full textWe demonstrate here the protection of biorthogonal transition metal catalysts (TMCs) in biological environments by using self-assembled monolayers on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Encapsulation of TMCs in this hydrophobic environment preserves catalytic activity in presence of pH conditions and complex biological media that would deactivate free catalyst. Significantly, the protection affords by these nanozymes extends to isolation of the catalyst active site, as demonstrated by the independence of rate over a wide pH range, in strong contrast to the behavior of the free catalyst
Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid) Stabilized Nanoemulsions for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Biofilms
No full textBiofilm infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are an urgent global health threat. Incorporation of natural essential oils into biodegradable oil-in-water cross-linked polymeric nanoemulsions (X-NEs) provides effective eradication of MDR bacterial biofilms. The X-NE platform combines the degradability of functionalized poly(lactic acid) polymers with the antimicrobial activity of carvacrol (from oregano oil). These X-NEs exhibited effective penetration and killing of biofilms formed by pathogenic bacteria. Biofilm-fibroblast coculture models demonstrate that X-NEs selectively eliminate bacteria without harming mammalian cells, making them promising candidates for antibiofilm therapeutics
Enhanced Design of Gold Catalysts for Bioorthogonal Polyzymes
No full textBioorthogonal chemistry introduces nonbiogenic reactions that can be performed in biological systems, allowing for the localized release of therapeutic agents. Bioorthogonal catalysts can amplify uncaging reactions for the in situ generation of therapeutics. Embedding these catalysts into a polymeric nanoscaffold can protect and modulate the catalytic activity, improving the performance of the resulting bioorthogonal “polyzymes”. Catalysts based on nontoxic metals such as gold(I) are particularly attractive for therapeutic applications. Herein, we optimized the structural components of a metal catalyst to develop an efficient gold(I)-based polyzyme. Tailoring the ligand structure of gold phosphine-based complexes, we improved the affinity between the metal complex and polymer scaffold, resulting in enhanced encapsulation efficiency and catalytic rate of the polyzyme. Our findings show the dependence of the overall polyzyme properties on the structural properties of the encapsulated metal complex
Direct Cytosolic Delivery of Citraconylated Proteins
No full textCurrent intracellular protein delivery strategies face the challenge of endosomal entrapment and consequent degradation of protein cargo. Methods to efficiently deliver proteins directly to the cytosol have the potential to overcome this hurdle. Here, we report the use of a straightforward approach of protein modification using citraconic anhydride to impart an overall negative charge on the proteins, enabling them to assemble with positively charged nano vectors. This strategy uses anhydride-modified proteins to electrostatically form polymer–protein nanocomposites with a cationic guanidinium-functionalized polymer. These supramolecular self-assemblies demonstrated the efficient cytosolic delivery of modified proteins through a membrane fusion-like mechanism. This approach was validated on five cell lines and seven proteins as cargo. Retention of protein function was confirmed through efficient cell killing via the intracellular enzymatic activity of RNase A. This platform provides a versatile, straightforward, and single-step method of protein modification and efficient direct cytosolic protein delivery
Stylistic perspective as a scope of intellectual potential of scientific personality: V.M. Rusanivsky
No full textУ статті в аспекті стилістичної перспективи аналізується наукова творчість українського лінгвіста В.М. Русанівського. Тексти мовознавця розглядаються в контексті еволюційної епістеми. Увага зосереджується на лінгвістичних ідеях В.М. Русанівського щодо критеріїв розвитку літературної мови, її стильової репрезентації, знакових для літературної мови постатях. Формулюється теза про співмірність між стилістичним ресурсом літературної мови й інтелектуальною потужністю дослідника, який пізнає її функціональний потенціал.The author in terms of stylistic perspective analyzes the scientific activity of Ukrainian linguist V.M. Rusanivsky. The texts of famous linguist are considered in the context of evolutionary episteme. Attention is focused on linguistic ideas of V.M. Rusanivsky about development of literary language, its stylistic representation and personalities, precedent for Ukrainian literary language and culture
Great Ukrainian V.M. Glushkov and His Scientifical School
No full textРозкрито умови виникнення і роботи кібернетичної школи В.М.Глушкова, її специфічні особливості. показано концептуальні ідеї, основні напрямки досліджень, головні досягнення школи В.М.Глушкова. Характеризуються риси В.М.Глушкова як лідера наукової школи.Раскрыты условия возникновения и работы кибернетической школы В.М. Глушкова, ее специфические особенности. Показаны концептуальные идеи, основные направления исследований, главные достижения школы В.М. Глушкова. Характеризуются черты В.М. Глушкова как лидера научной школы.The author discloses the factors leading the Glushkov school to appear, ist works and specifics; shows its conceptual ideas, key research areas, basic achievements. V.M. Glushkov’s personal features are described as jnes of a founder of a academic school
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