1,697 research outputs found
Diagnostic utility of PLAG1 immunohistochemical determination in salivary gland tumors
No full textPLAG1 (pleomorphic adenoma gene 1) is a proto-oncogene whose overexpression is a crucial oncogenic event in salivary gland pleomorphic adenomas (PA), and in carcinoma ex-PA. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the sensitivity and the specificity of PLAG1 as a marker in the differential diagnosis of salivary gland benign and malignant tumors. We examined 101 cases, including 36 PAs, 8 myoepitheliomas, 3 basal cell adenomas, and 1 canalicular adenoma among benign tumors; 16 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 10 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 8 acinic cell carcinomas, 8 polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas, 7 salivary duct carcinoma, and 4 epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma among malignant tumors. PLAG1 was diffusely positive in 94.4% of PAs and in all myoepitheliomas, although with a lower staining intensity. Among malignant tumors, 2 (25%) polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas and 1 salivary duct carcinoma ex-PA were positive. In conclusion, PLAG1 is a marker with good specificity for PA and could be a useful diagnostic adjunct in the diagnosis of salivary gland tumors. In particular, this marker is negative in the most common salivary carcinomas, including adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and acinic cell carcinoma. However, some mimickers of PA, like polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, may show occasional positivity for PLAG1, thus limiting its diagnostic use. In addition, carcinoma ex-PA shows consistent positivity, and therefore should be considered as a diagnostic possibility in case of a malignant tumor with PLAG1 expression. Copyright © 2012 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
MAML2 rearrangement in Warthin's tumour: A fluorescent in situ hybridisation study of metaplastic variants
No full textBackground: Warthin's tumour (WT) is a common benign lesion of the major salivary glands. The nature of WT remains controversial, with particular regard to the presence of clonal chromosomal abnormalities, including the t(11;19) translocation involving the CRTC1 and MAML2 genes, that have been identified in both WT and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. In this study, we focused our attention on metaplastic WT variants, and we conducted a fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis for the presence of MAML2 gene rearrangement. Methods: Dual-colour FISH analysis was performed on paraffin-embedded sections of eight WTs showing metaplastic changes (five with squamous metaplasia, two with mucinous metaplasia and one with both) using a MAML2 break-apart probe. Results: Presence of split signals indicative of gene rearrangement was identified in a subset of cells in areas of squamous metaplasia in two samples of WT. No rearrangement was observed in the oncocytic epithelium, in lymphocytes and in areas of mucinous metaplasia. Conclusions: The presence of a small subpopulation of cells carrying MAML2 rearrangement in areas of squamous metaplasia within WT could predispose these lesions to malignant transformation in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and could represent a molecular link between the two entities. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S
Metastasizing Maxillary Ameloblastoma: Report of a Case with Molecular Characterization
Get PDFBackground: Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumour that may exhibit aggressive biological behaviour with local recurrence and metastasis following initial surgical resection. Surgery is the most acceptable modality of treatment, even if a biological approach is currently on study. We report a case of maxillary ameloblastoma with development of neck and brain metastases after repeated local recurrences. Molecular analysis was performed with the aim to better characterize this neoplasm and its peculiar behaviour.
Methods: We investigated the status of tumour protein p53 (TP53), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) genes with immunohistochemical, fluorescent in situ hybridization and/or direct sequencing in order to clarify their possible role in the development of this neoplasm and the possibility of a targeted treatment.
Results: The histological appearance of the tumour was the same in the primary lesion, in the recurrence and in the metastases. EGFR positivity was present in the recurrence and the brain metastasis, while HER2 was negative in all samples tested. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis for EGFR showed disomy of neoplastic cells. Direct DNA sequencing of TP53 gene exons 5 - 9 was carried out in tumour samples from the infratemporal recurrence and brain metastasis, with no mutational alteration detected. Similarly, sequencing analysis of BRAF exon 15 (V600) and EGFR gene showed wild type results in all samples tested.
Conclusions: Further studies are needed to identify molecular pathways that may provide an opportunity of alternative treatments and/or new potential predictive markers of local and distant spread of this rare tumour
TUTELA DEL LAVORO E LIBERTA' D'IMPRESA NEI PROCESSI DI ESTERNALIZZAZIONE
No full textL’elaborato analizza le conseguenze lavoristiche della successione fra imprenditori, muovendo da una ricognizione delle varie tipologie di esternalizzazione con le relative esigenze e principali criticità.
L’indagine si concentra in primo luogo sul trasferimento d’azienda, esaminando la normativa e la giurisprudenza europee per passare poi alla disciplina di diritto interno, alle procedure sindacali e a uno specifico focus sul trasferimento delle aziende in crisi.
Successivamente l’autore si sofferma sull’appalto, prendendone in particolare considerazione gli indici di genuinità, i criteri di distinzione dalla somministrazione illecita di manodopera e la tutela delle maestranze in caso di avvicendamento fra imprese.
Da ultimo, la ricerca approfondisce le c.d. “clausole sociali”, sia di prima che di seconda generazione, valutandone la compatibilità con il diritto eurounitario e con la costituzione nonché riflettendo sui possibili rimedi in caso di loro violazione.The author analyzes the labour consequences of the succession between entrepreneurs, starting from a recognition of the various types of outsourcing with the related needs and main critical issues.
The survey focuses primarily on the transfer of businesses, examining European legislation and case-law and then moving on to internal legislation, trade union procedures and a specific focus on the transfer of companies in crisis.
The author then dwells on the contract, taking into account in particular the indications of authenticity, the criteria of distinction from the illicit administration of labour and the protection of workers in the event of turnover between companies.
Finally, the research deepens the "social clauses", both first and second generation, assessing their compatibility with European law and with the constitution and reflecting on possible remedies in case of their violation
Ultra Low Carbon Vehicles: New Parameters for Automotive Design
No full textAs the influence of vehicle emissions on our environment has become better understood, the UK government has recently placed urgent emphasis on the implementation of low carbon
technologies in the automotive industry through: the UK Low Carbon Industrial Strategy. The overall objective is to offer big incentives to consumers and support for the development of infrastructure and engineering solutions. This scheme however does not consider how the development of functional and experiential user value might drive consumer demand, contributing to the adoption of low carbon vehicles (LCVs) in the mass market.
With the emergence of the North East of England as the UK’s first specialised region for the development of ultra-low carbon vehicles (ULCVs), ONE North East, as a development agency for the region's economic and business development, and Northumbria University Ideas-lab have supported a project to facilitate innovation through the collaboration of technology, research and development (R&D) and business. The High Value Low Carbon (HVLC) project aims to envisage
new user value made possible by the integration of low carbon vehicle platforms with new process and network technologies. The HVLC consortium represents vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers as well as technology based companies and through an ongoing process of design concept generation the project offers a hub for innovation led enterprise.
Whilst new technological developments in areas such as power generation, nano materials, hydrogen fuel cells, printed electronics and networked communications will all impact on future automotive design, the mass adoption of low carbon technologies represents a paradigm shift for the motorist. This paper aims to describe how the mapping of new parameters will lead to new transport scenarios that will create the space for new collaborative research on user experiences supported by innovative technologies and related services
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Matteo Maria Boiardo (1441-1494)
No full textMatteo Maria Boiardo – contemporary of Sir Thomas Malory and forerunner of Shakespeare, Spenser, Milton, Cervantes, Tolkien, and C.S. Lewis – is best known as the author of the Orlando Innamorato [Orlando in Love], a poem in ottava rima organically merging Carolingian epic and Arthurian romance. He was also a lyric and pastoral poet, playwright, and translator of classical texts into the Italian vernacular. Matteo was active in Italy during the years of 1463 throughout 1494, the year of his death
Uno sguardo all'Est. Lavoro e diritti fondamentali in Russia e negli altri Paesi della Comunità di Stati indipendenti
No full textNel contributo l'autore, dopo aver esaminato i diritti fondamentali del lavoro presenti nelle Costituzioni dei Paesi della Comunità di Stati indipendenti, si sofferma sul diritto del lavoro russo. La trattazione, a carattere diacronico, abbraccia i rami principali del diritto del lavoro: il rapporto individuale, le relazioni collettive, il mercato del lavoro. L'autore rileva una sorprendente continuità nelle linee essenziali del diritto del lavoro russo, pur nel susseguirsi di sistemi socioeconomici completamente diversi. Egli conclude che il diritto del lavoro russo appartiene saldamente alla matrice europea della materia.The contribution of the author starts by examining fundamental labour rights recognised by the Constitutions of the Countries of the Community of Independent States. Then the author focuses upon Russian Labour Law, going through the history of the main branches of the discipline: the individual relationship, industrial relations, the labour market. The article finds a surprising continuity in the essential lines of Russian Labour Law, in spite of the completely different socio-economic systems that were experimented in Russia during the twentieth century. The author concludes that Russian Labour Law clearly belongs to the European matrix of the discipline
Corpo, spazio, architettura. Fenomenologia dell’esperienza spaziale Matteo Vegetti, Fabrizia Bandi (eds.), Editrice Morcelliana, Brescia 2024
No full textThe author reviews "Corpo, spazio, architettura: Fenomenologia dell’esperienza spaziale," edited by Matteo Vegetti and Fabrizia Bandi. The book examines the philosophical underpinnings of spatial experience through a phenomenological lens, engaging with both traditional and contemporary notions of how space, body, and architecture interconnect. The author highlights the text\u27s exploration of how architects and designers might integrate phenomenological insights into their work, transforming space from mere physical dimensions into lived, experienced reality. The review appreciates the book’s thematic organization, which starts with foundational theories from Merleau-Ponty and expands through discussions on virtual spaces and the future of architecture in the digital age. Through this anthology, readers gain a comprehensive view of the architectural implications of phenomenological thought, making it a critical resource for anyone involved in the conceptualization and design of space
Comparison of Primary and Metastatic Fumarate Hydratase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinomas Documents Morphologic Divergence and Potential Diagnostic Pitfall With Peritoneal Mesothelioma
No full text: Fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinomas are rare neoplasms characterized by a wide morphological heterogeneity and pathogenetic mutations in the FH gene. They often show aggressive behavior with rapid diffusion to distant organs, so novel therapeutic scenarios have been explored, including EGFR inhibitors and PD-L1 expression for targeted immunotherapy. Herein, we investigated a series of eleven primary FH-deficient renal cell carcinomas and seven distant metastases to evaluate tumor heterogeneity even in metastatic sites and estimate the specific spread rates to various organs. Furthermore, the tumors were tested for immunohistochemical PD-L1 expression and EGFR mutations. Most metastatic cases involved the abdominal lymph nodes (4/7, 57%), followed by the peritoneum (3/7, 42%), the liver (2/7, 29%), and the lungs (1/7, 14%). Six metastatic localizations were histologically documented, revealing morphological heterogeneous architecture often differing from the corresponding primary renal tumor. Peritoneal involvement morphologically resembled a benign reactive mesothelial process or primary peritoneal mesothelioma, thus advocating to perform an accurate immunohistochemical panel, including PAX 8 and FH, to reach the proper diagnosis. A pure low-grade SDH-looking primary FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma was also recorded. As for therapy, significant PD-L1 labeling was found in 60% of primary renal tumors, while none of them carried pathogenetic EGFR mutations. Our data show that FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma may be morphologically heterogeneous in metastases as well, which involve the lymph nodes, the liver, and the peritoneum more frequently than other renal tumors. Due to the high frequency of this latter (42%), pathologists should always be concerned about ruling out mesothelial-derived mimickers, and the occurrence of rarer primary low-grade-looking types. Finally, contrary to EGFR mutations, PD-L1 expression could be a possible predictive biomarker for the therapy of these tumors
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