1,721,113 research outputs found

    Image analysis estimation of leaf area and plant size of young hazelnut plants

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    A nondestrive method of leaf area estimation was evakuated on two year old hazelnut plants cv. Tonda Gentile Romana in the field. Black and white photograps were taken in two directions at 90° and pocessed by means of a Vidas image analyzer (Kontron Elektronic). Plats were then defoliated and actual leaf area was measured by means of a Delta T Device area meter. A good linear relationship between measured leaf areas and canopy silhouette area was obtained. Leaf area index was reliably calculated. Plant size parameters were correctly predicted by image processing

    Yield potential and ecophysiological traits of the Altamurano linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), a landrace of southern Italy

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    Altamurano is a linseed landrace of southern Italy. Its area of origin is characterised by typical Mediterranean climate. Traditionally, Altamurano is spring sown, and mainly used as a feed integrator for animals. This landrace was evaluated during 2 years within varietal (16 modern varieties) and sowing date (15 sowings, from October to April, with ‘Antares’ as a control) trials. Growth analysis was carried out on two sowings. Seed yield was slightly lower than modern varieties, with advantages in late sowings. Reproductive efficiency, mean seed weight, harvest index and oil percentage were often higher than in modern cultivars. Altamurano was also characterised by early flowering, low vegetative growth, long leaf area duration, high light use efficiency during early grain filling phase, and relatively long grain filling period. All these features are connected with its adaptation to spring sowings in Mediterranean areas, characterised by early spring drought. Despite the decrease of its cultivation area from about 400 to less than 100 ha in the last 10 years, Altamurano is still present in the more traditional farms of the area as a heritage of past growing systems and historical adaptation to the environment

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    At the border of the city. A preliminary study to an evidence-based approach to urban settlements

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    In tutto il mondo, negli anni più recenti, le città sono costrette a fronteggiare un tumultuoso processo di crescita che le sta profondamente trasformando. Gli effetti di questi cambiamenti stanno ponendo ai margini della società più di un quarto della popolazione urbana del pianeta, relegandola in insediamenti di tipo informale. Il fenomeno cresce con una tale velocità che si prospetta possa raddoppiare di dimensione nei prossimi trent’anni, allargandosi dalle regioni metropolitane dei paesi in via di sviluppo alle aree urbane regionali che si vanno formando. Il nostro Paese non ne è immune e, seppure in forma lieve, l’Italia già conta alcuni di questi insediamenti. L’assenza di regole, la deroga alle più elementari misure di igiene pubblica e la scarsità di infrastrutture e servizi di base sono le caratteristiche comuni più ricorrenti di queste aree urbane secondarie. La struttura non pianificata di questi luoghi dimenticati è però spesso ricca di “spazi di mezzo” (space-in-between), ovvero di spazi né propriamente pubblici né privati, che sembrano essere vitali per il funzionamento degli insediamenti, al punto da apparire come uno dei pochi elementi di valore delle comunità informali. La sfida che si prospetta per il futuro immediato di queste aree, nonché per la mitigazione del fenomeno dove esso non è ancora esploso, è la ricerca di soluzioni evolute per l’on-site upgrading, ovvero per il miglioramento delle condizioni fisiche, sociali, economiche ed ambientali degli insediamenti informali, senza che la popolazione insediata venga allontanata, al fine di preservare il labile, ma esistente, equilibrio di reciproco supporto, caratteristico delle comunità più povere. È su questa tipologia di insediamenti che si focalizza l’attenzione del presente contributo, che propone uno studio preliminare finalizzato alla definizione di un approccio quantitativo per il miglioramento delle condizioni di vita degli abitanti degli insediamenti informali e per il loro sviluppo sostenibile

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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