1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Spleen diseases and injuries in childhood
No full textSlezena je najveći organ limfnog sustava u ljudskom tijelu. Nalazi se intraperitonealno u gornjem lijevom kvadrantu. Njezina duljina se mijenja ovisno o starosti djetata, s time da svoju najveću duljinu dosegne s 14 godina. Glavne funkcije su: Hematopoeza, imunološka funkcija, funkcija depoa, metabolička funkcija i filtracija krvnih stanica. Patološka stanja dijelimo na bolesti (kongenitalne ili stečene) i ozljede. Kongenitalne bolesti su asplenija, polisplenija, akcesorna slezena i lutajuća slezena, dok su stečene bolesti benigne bolesti (nasljedna sferocitoza, hemoglobinopatije i idiopatska trombocitopenična purpura), maligne bolesti (limfomi i leukemije), benigni ili maligni tumori, ciste ili infekcije. Glavna moguća ozljeda slezene je ruptura nastala zbog traume, ijatrogeno ili spontano, s time da je slezena najčešći ozljeđeni intraabdominalni organ kod tupe traume (uglavnom prometne nesreće). Moguće metode liječenja kod bolesti i ozljeda slezene su konzervativna i kirurška. Konzervativno liječenje uključuje mirovanje, nadoknadu tekućine, transfuziju krvi i redovite kontrole. Pri kirurškoj metodi splenektomije, slezena se odstranjuje. Splenektomija može biti totalna, parcijalna i subtotalna, te otvorena ili laparoskopska. Zbog imunološke važnosti slezene kod djece se nastoji provoditi poštedna metoda da bi se moglo očuvati što više parenhima, osim ako je dijete životno ugroženo ili nema drugog rješenja nego napraviti totalnu splenektomiju. Neovisno o kojem se zahvatu radi mogu nastati rane komplikacije kao što su krvarenja, tromboembolije, plućne komplikacije, infektivne komplikacije i komplikacije intraoperacijskih susjednih organa i kasne komplikacije kao što je postsplenektomična sepsa. Zbog navedenih komplikacija je perioperativna skrb izrazito bitna. Uključuje cjepivo, antibiotik i tromboprofilaksu.The spleen is the largest organ of the lymphatic system in the human body. It is located intraperitoneally in the upper left quadrant. Its length changes depending on the age of the child, reaching its maximum length at the age of 14. The main functions are hematopoiesis, immunological function, depot function, metabolic function, and filtration of blood cells. Pathological conditions are divided into diseases (congenital or acquired) and injuries. Congenital diseases are asplenia, polysplenia, accessory spleen and wandering spleen, while acquired diseases are benign diseases (hereditary spherocytosis, hemoglobinopathies and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura), malignant diseases (lymphomas and leukemias), benign or malignant tumors, cysts or infections. The main possible injury of the spleen is a rupture caused by trauma, iatrogenic or accidental, with the spleen being the most frequently injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma (mainly traffic accidents). Possible methods of treatment for diseases and injuries of the spleen are conservative and surgical. Conservative treatment includes rest, fluid replacement, blood transfusion and regular controls. In splenectomy, which is a surgical method, the spleen is removed. It can be total, partial, and subtotal; open or laparoscopic. Due to the immunological importance of the spleen in children, a sparing method should be chosen to preserve as much of the parenchyma as possible, unless the child is life-threatening or there is no other solution but to perform a total splenectomy. Regardless of the procedure, early complications like bleeding, thromboembolism, pulmonary complications, infectious complications, complications of intraoperative adjacent organs and late complications like post-splenectomy sepsis can occur. Due to the mentioned complications, perioperative care is extremely important. It includes vaccine, antibiotic and thromboprophylaxis
Spleen diseases and injuries in childhood
No full textSlezena je najveći organ limfnog sustava u ljudskom tijelu. Nalazi se intraperitonealno u gornjem lijevom kvadrantu. Njezina duljina se mijenja ovisno o starosti djetata, s time da svoju najveću duljinu dosegne s 14 godina. Glavne funkcije su: Hematopoeza, imunološka funkcija, funkcija depoa, metabolička funkcija i filtracija krvnih stanica. Patološka stanja dijelimo na bolesti (kongenitalne ili stečene) i ozljede. Kongenitalne bolesti su asplenija, polisplenija, akcesorna slezena i lutajuća slezena, dok su stečene bolesti benigne bolesti (nasljedna sferocitoza, hemoglobinopatije i idiopatska trombocitopenična purpura), maligne bolesti (limfomi i leukemije), benigni ili maligni tumori, ciste ili infekcije. Glavna moguća ozljeda slezene je ruptura nastala zbog traume, ijatrogeno ili spontano, s time da je slezena najčešći ozljeđeni intraabdominalni organ kod tupe traume (uglavnom prometne nesreće). Moguće metode liječenja kod bolesti i ozljeda slezene su konzervativna i kirurška. Konzervativno liječenje uključuje mirovanje, nadoknadu tekućine, transfuziju krvi i redovite kontrole. Pri kirurškoj metodi splenektomije, slezena se odstranjuje. Splenektomija može biti totalna, parcijalna i subtotalna, te otvorena ili laparoskopska. Zbog imunološke važnosti slezene kod djece se nastoji provoditi poštedna metoda da bi se moglo očuvati što više parenhima, osim ako je dijete životno ugroženo ili nema drugog rješenja nego napraviti totalnu splenektomiju. Neovisno o kojem se zahvatu radi mogu nastati rane komplikacije kao što su krvarenja, tromboembolije, plućne komplikacije, infektivne komplikacije i komplikacije intraoperacijskih susjednih organa i kasne komplikacije kao što je postsplenektomična sepsa. Zbog navedenih komplikacija je perioperativna skrb izrazito bitna. Uključuje cjepivo, antibiotik i tromboprofilaksu.The spleen is the largest organ of the lymphatic system in the human body. It is located intraperitoneally in the upper left quadrant. Its length changes depending on the age of the child, reaching its maximum length at the age of 14. The main functions are hematopoiesis, immunological function, depot function, metabolic function, and filtration of blood cells. Pathological conditions are divided into diseases (congenital or acquired) and injuries. Congenital diseases are asplenia, polysplenia, accessory spleen and wandering spleen, while acquired diseases are benign diseases (hereditary spherocytosis, hemoglobinopathies and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura), malignant diseases (lymphomas and leukemias), benign or malignant tumors, cysts or infections. The main possible injury of the spleen is a rupture caused by trauma, iatrogenic or accidental, with the spleen being the most frequently injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma (mainly traffic accidents). Possible methods of treatment for diseases and injuries of the spleen are conservative and surgical. Conservative treatment includes rest, fluid replacement, blood transfusion and regular controls. In splenectomy, which is a surgical method, the spleen is removed. It can be total, partial, and subtotal; open or laparoscopic. Due to the immunological importance of the spleen in children, a sparing method should be chosen to preserve as much of the parenchyma as possible, unless the child is life-threatening or there is no other solution but to perform a total splenectomy. Regardless of the procedure, early complications like bleeding, thromboembolism, pulmonary complications, infectious complications, complications of intraoperative adjacent organs and late complications like post-splenectomy sepsis can occur. Due to the mentioned complications, perioperative care is extremely important. It includes vaccine, antibiotic and thromboprophylaxis
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Spleen diseases and injuries in childhood
No full textSlezena je najveći organ limfnog sustava u ljudskom tijelu. Nalazi se intraperitonealno u gornjem lijevom kvadrantu. Njezina duljina se mijenja ovisno o starosti djetata, s time da svoju najveću duljinu dosegne s 14 godina. Glavne funkcije su: Hematopoeza, imunološka funkcija, funkcija depoa, metabolička funkcija i filtracija krvnih stanica. Patološka stanja dijelimo na bolesti (kongenitalne ili stečene) i ozljede. Kongenitalne bolesti su asplenija, polisplenija, akcesorna slezena i lutajuća slezena, dok su stečene bolesti benigne bolesti (nasljedna sferocitoza, hemoglobinopatije i idiopatska trombocitopenična purpura), maligne bolesti (limfomi i leukemije), benigni ili maligni tumori, ciste ili infekcije. Glavna moguća ozljeda slezene je ruptura nastala zbog traume, ijatrogeno ili spontano, s time da je slezena najčešći ozljeđeni intraabdominalni organ kod tupe traume (uglavnom prometne nesreće). Moguće metode liječenja kod bolesti i ozljeda slezene su konzervativna i kirurška. Konzervativno liječenje uključuje mirovanje, nadoknadu tekućine, transfuziju krvi i redovite kontrole. Pri kirurškoj metodi splenektomije, slezena se odstranjuje. Splenektomija može biti totalna, parcijalna i subtotalna, te otvorena ili laparoskopska. Zbog imunološke važnosti slezene kod djece se nastoji provoditi poštedna metoda da bi se moglo očuvati što više parenhima, osim ako je dijete životno ugroženo ili nema drugog rješenja nego napraviti totalnu splenektomiju. Neovisno o kojem se zahvatu radi mogu nastati rane komplikacije kao što su krvarenja, tromboembolije, plućne komplikacije, infektivne komplikacije i komplikacije intraoperacijskih susjednih organa i kasne komplikacije kao što je postsplenektomična sepsa. Zbog navedenih komplikacija je perioperativna skrb izrazito bitna. Uključuje cjepivo, antibiotik i tromboprofilaksu.The spleen is the largest organ of the lymphatic system in the human body. It is located intraperitoneally in the upper left quadrant. Its length changes depending on the age of the child, reaching its maximum length at the age of 14. The main functions are hematopoiesis, immunological function, depot function, metabolic function, and filtration of blood cells. Pathological conditions are divided into diseases (congenital or acquired) and injuries. Congenital diseases are asplenia, polysplenia, accessory spleen and wandering spleen, while acquired diseases are benign diseases (hereditary spherocytosis, hemoglobinopathies and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura), malignant diseases (lymphomas and leukemias), benign or malignant tumors, cysts or infections. The main possible injury of the spleen is a rupture caused by trauma, iatrogenic or accidental, with the spleen being the most frequently injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma (mainly traffic accidents). Possible methods of treatment for diseases and injuries of the spleen are conservative and surgical. Conservative treatment includes rest, fluid replacement, blood transfusion and regular controls. In splenectomy, which is a surgical method, the spleen is removed. It can be total, partial, and subtotal; open or laparoscopic. Due to the immunological importance of the spleen in children, a sparing method should be chosen to preserve as much of the parenchyma as possible, unless the child is life-threatening or there is no other solution but to perform a total splenectomy. Regardless of the procedure, early complications like bleeding, thromboembolism, pulmonary complications, infectious complications, complications of intraoperative adjacent organs and late complications like post-splenectomy sepsis can occur. Due to the mentioned complications, perioperative care is extremely important. It includes vaccine, antibiotic and thromboprophylaxis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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