1,720,980 research outputs found
Differential effects of self-paced and device-guided slow deep breathing on physiological outcomes
Get PDFSlow breathing exercises have been used for thousands of years in yoga and meditation practices, and have been successful in reducing sympathetic nerve activity and lowering blood pressure. Recently, computerized devices aimed to replicate self-guided breathing have been used. There have been mixed results regarding the efficacy of these devices. It is hypothesized that the act of reducing breathing rate is not the only factor contributing to physiological changes, and that factors such as external aid and psychological metrics are also important in determining the responses to breathing rate changes. Therefore we compared device-guided (n=10) and self-paced (n=11) slow breathing maneuvers in young healthy males and found differences between conditions in forearm vasodilation as measured by venous occlusion plethysmography (111.78\ub17.82% and 96.24\ub15.82%, p=0.067) and changes in systolic blood pressure as measured by finometry (-3.47\ub11.43 mmHg and -0.45\ub12.35 mmHg, p=0.138). In addition, several psychological metrics are predictive of differences in physiological responses to each of these practices: trait anxiety correlates with a lack of reduction in mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the self-guided intervention (r=0.452, p=0.81); acting without awareness correlates with a lack of reduction in MAP in the self-guided intervention (r=0.683, p=0.01); and acting without awareness correlates with a reduction in MAP in the device-guided intervention (r=-0.472, p=0.084). It is concluded that these two breathing practices are inherently different breathing maneuvers, given the differences in physiological outcomes and psychological predictors.Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Physiology, 2015Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-47
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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