1,720,962 research outputs found
Diagnostic Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence to Predict the Need for Orthodontic Extraction Versus Non-Extraction- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFObjective:To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) models in predicting the necessity for orthodontic extractions versus non-extractions.
Material and Methods – A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA-DTA guidelines, with studies selected based on the PIRD (Population, Index test, Reference standard, Diagnosis) framework. The inclusion criteria focused on diagnostic accuracy studies that used AI models to predict orthodontic extractions. Searches were performed across PubMed, DOAJ, EBSCO, K-hub, and Google Scholar for articles published from January 2000 to December 2023. 12 studies met the criteria, with a pooled meta-analysis involving four studies. Data were extracted and assessed for quality using QUADAS-2. Diagnostic accuracy metrics, including sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, were analyzed using MetaDiSc version 1.4.
Results –The meta-analysis of 4 studies revealed a pooled sensitivity of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.70–0.76) and specificity of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.80–0.84), The ROC curve yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8813, Subgroup analysis highlighted that multi-layer perceptron (MLP) models had a sensitivity of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79–0.87).
Conclusion - PEEK Retainers demonstrated superior Survival Rates and comparable Stability and Periodontal Health outcomes compared to Conventional Retainers. Although both materials performed acceptably, PEEK may offer enhanced durability, making it a viable alternative for long-term retention
Estimation of Self-perception for Orthodontic Treatment among Dental Professionals – A Questionnaire Survey
No full textAssessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Orthodontists & Post Graduate Students of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Regarding Aligner Biomechanics amongst Gujarat – A Questionnaire Study
No full textAim: To assess knowledge and attitude of Orthodontists & Post Graduate students of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics regarding Aligner biomechanics amongst Gujarat state. Study Design: The Questionnaire was designed by Principal investigator. After content validation, by six faculties of Dept. of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, K.M Shah Dental College & Hospital, the questionnaire was sent to minimum of 305 participants i.e. 152 Orthodontists & 152 Post graduate students via WhatsApp message (online survey). The non responders were reminded after 3 days and responses were collected with waiting period of 3 days till next 2 reminders. After minimum of 67 responses per group i.e. Orthodontists & Post graduate students were achieved, the study was considered to be completed. The assembled survey data was further evaluated to conclude the result. Results: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of orthodontists and postgraduate students regarding aligner biomechanics. Around 67% orthodontists estimated overall treatment accuracy to be above 70%, whereas the 64% postgraduates perceived it to range between 50–70%. Bucco-lingual movement was identified as the most accurately achieved tooth movement by both groups, while intrusion was deemed the least predictable. Power grip devices were predominantly used by orthodontists for extrusion, while postgraduate responses indicated a broader range of applications. The influence of aligner thickness on the moment-to-force ratio was acknowledged by the majority of respondents. Both groups agreed that attachments function through a combination of displacement and force, fulfilling roles such as retention, force generation, and anchorage. Horizontal pliers were most commonly used for power ridge formation, and "tear drop plier" was the most frequently recognized alternate name for the keyhole plier. Postgraduates preferred scalloped aligner margins positioned 2 mm above the gingival zenith, whereas orthodontists showed varied preferences. Both groups emphasized on Virtual C chains primarily utilized for closure of anterior spaces. SmartTrack aligners were credited by 50% postgraduates for enhanced stress relaxation, while 40% orthodontists attributed their advantage to improved material hardness. For retention purposes, 75% orthodontists preferred horizontal attachments with bevel, whereas 42% postgraduates favoured those without bevel. During derotation without attachments, orthodontists commonly reported extrusive forces, while postgraduates identified intrusive forces to be the unintended force. Both groups emphasized the importance of attachment placement and IPR timing during staging. The term “leading tooth” was interpreted by 75% orthodontists as the first tooth to move during staging, while 42% postgraduates associated it with the tooth that moves the most. Aligners were primarily considered to deliver interruptive forces by 75% orthodontists, while postgraduates provided varied responses. Posterior intrusion was the most reported effect of bite blocks by majority of participants. Although most participants indicated the use of staggered staging for Molar Distalization, this contrasts with existing literature, which supports its use for extraction space closure. Majority of participants enlightened on Precision wings predominantly used for mandibular advancement and were most commonly located on the buccal surface. Conclusion: The present survey concluded that both orthodontists and postgraduate students in Gujarat have varied understanding of aligner biomechanics. They agreed on force application, attachment roles, and staging. In contrast, their opinion was vary in clinical perceptions and preferences regarding tool usage, staggered staging, power grip device and attachment usage. The findings highlight the need for continued education and align clinical practice to the knowledge with evidence-based guidelines to bridge existing knowledge gaps
Evaluation of Knowledge and Attitude Related to in- House Clear Aligner Treatment Planning among Orthodontists and Post Graduate Students in Gujarat- A Questionnaire Study
No full textBackground: In-house clear aligner therapy (CAT) has emerged as a viable and cost-effective alternative to commercial aligner systems, offering clinicians greater control over treatment planning and fabrication. However, its successful implementation requires a thorough understanding of digital workflows, biomechanics, and material properties. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the knowledge and attitudes of orthodontists and postgraduate (PG) students in Gujarat regarding in-house clear aligner treatment planning.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 276 participants (138 orthodontists and 138 PG students). A validated 19-item questionnaire assessed knowledge of aligner biomechanics, staging sequences, attachment design, malocclusion management, material properties, and perceived advantages and limitations of in-house aligners. Content validity was established (S-CVI/Ave = 0.99), and reliability was confirmed via test–retest (ICC = 0.92) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.89). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Both groups demonstrated strong foundational knowledge, with majority correctly identifying the ideal rotation per aligner as 2° (Orthodontists: 68.1%, PGs: 68.8%), preferring vertical rectangular attachments with occlusal bevel for retention (60.1% each), and power ridges for torque control (Orthodontists: 60.9%, PGs: 58.7%). Sequential distalization and mesialization were preferred for Class II and III corrections, respectively. Cost efficiency and clinical independence were recognized as the primary advantages (Orthodontists: 63.8%, PGs: 64.5%), while reduced predictability of complex movements was the main disadvantage (Orthodontists: 58.0%, PGs: 59.4%). Staging sequential tooth movements was identified as the most challenging aspect (Orthodontists: 61.6%, PGs: 56.5%).
Conclusion: Orthodontists and PG students in Gujarat possess sound theoretical knowledge and positive attitudes toward in-house clear aligner systems. However, concerns regarding staging complexity and movement predictability highlight the need for enhanced training in digital treatment planning and biomechanics to optimize clinical outcomes
Predictability of Yen Angle, W Angle and Tau Angle and Their Correlation with ANB Angle, Beta Angle and Wit’s Appraisal for Assessment of True Sagittal Skeletal Maxillomandibular Relationship - A Cephalometric Study
No full textAim: To access predictability of Yen angle, W angle and Tau angle by correlating them with ANB angle, Beta angle and WIT’s appraisal as True Sagittal Skeletal Maxillomandibular relationship indicators.
Study Design: A cross-sectional cephalometric study was carried out by including total 90 lateral cephalograms based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These 90 cephalograms were equally divided into Skeletal Class I, II and III groups based on the ANB angle, Beta angle and Wit’s appraisal. Further, the correlation of newer angles i.e. Tau angle, Yen angle and W angle with gold standard indicators i.e. ANB angle, Beta angle and Wit’s appraisal was carried out to determine the best possible indicator for assessing True Sagittal Skeletal Maxillomandibular relationship.
Results: The newer angles i.e. Tau angle, Yen angle and W angle provided varying result for Class I, II and III sagittal relationships when compared to combined indicators (ANB angle, Beta angle and Wit’s appraisal). Yen angle provided 10% predictability for Class I, 12.2% for Class II and 25.6% for Class III. Tau angle exhibited 13.3% predictability for Class I, 14.4% for Class II and 20.0% for Class III. Whereas, W angle showed 13.3% predictability for Class I, 8.9% for Class II and 21.1% for Class III. Furthermore, the kappa statistics of Tau angle and Yen angle was similar i.e. 0.217 similar. On contrary, the kappa statistics for W angle was 0.150.
Conclusion: True Sagittal Skeletal Maxillomandibular relationship was more accurately predicted by Tau angle and Yen angle amongst all newer angles
Comparative Evaluation of Patient and Orthodontist Preferences and Attitude in Mandibular Occlusal Photography: Novel Tongue Retractor vs. Conventional Technique
No full textBackground: Intraoral photography is essential in orthodontics for diagnosis, treatment planning, and documentation. Capturing mandibular occlusal photographs is often challenging due to interference from the tongue, gag reflex, and patient discomfort. Conventional techniques require patients to retract the tongue, which may reduce image quality and increase discomfort. A novel 3D-printed tongue retractor has been designed as an adjunct to the occlusal photographic mirror to improve visibility and comfort. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the preferences and attitudes of patients and orthodontists toward intraoral photographic techniques using a novel tongue retractor versus conventional methods.
Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative questionnaire-based study was conducted with 48 participants (24 patients and 24 orthodontists/postgraduate students). Mandibular occlusal photographs were captured using both the conventional method and the novel tongue retractor-assisted method. Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) were used to assess discomfort, acceptability, and stress. Additionally, patients completed a 7-item questionnaire and orthodontists/postgraduate students completed an 8-item questionnaire regarding their preferences. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and unpaired t-tests, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: The novel tongue retractor significantly reduced mean scores for discomfort, time needed, nausea, gag reflex, and breathing impairment compared to the conventional method (p < 0.001). No significant difference was noted in TMJ discomfort or discomfort during mouth opening (p > 0.05). Patient preferences strongly favored the tongue retractor-assisted method for comfort, efficiency, and reduced gag reflex, while conventional techniques were preferred for specific photographic views. Orthodontists and postgraduate students reported significantly less discomfort, reduced gag reflex, and improved feasibility with the novel tongue retractor (p < 0.05), though some scenarios still favored conventional methods.
Conclusion: The novel tongue retractor improves patient comfort and operator ease in mandibular occlusal photography, making it a valuable adjunct to conventional techniques. While it cannot completely replace standard methods, its use enhances efficiency, reduces stress, and provides superior patient and operator experiences in routine orthodontic practice
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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