68 research outputs found
Role of substrate on interaction of water molecules with graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide
No full textWe study local electronic properties of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on metallic (Pt) and insulating (Si3N4) substrates in controlled humidity environment. We demonstrate that the supporting substrate plays a crucial role in interaction of these materials with water, with Pt making both GO and RGO insensitive to humidity variations and change in environment. On the other hand, in the case of Si3N4substrate a significant difference between GO and RGO with respect to humidity variations is demonstrated, indicating complete water coverage at â1⁄460% R.H for RGO and â1⁄430% R.H. for GO. Irrespective of the substrate, both GO and RGO demonstrate relative independence of their electronic properties on the material thickness, with similar trends observed for 1 and 2 layers when subject to humidity variations. This indicates a relatively minor role of material thickness in GO-based humidity sensors
Peculiarities in Rabi oscillations for fast-relaxing electron spins
No full textRabi oscillations (transient nutations) are a phenomenon that has proven itself well in EPR for identifying electron spin quantum numbers and electron-spin transitions. They are successfully applied when the Rabi frequency significantly exceeds the spin relaxation rates and therefore does not depend on these rates. However, the short transverse relaxation time, being comparable to or even shorter than the dead time of EPR spectrometers, makes it difficult to observe Rabi oscillations and their frequency depends not only on the intensity of the short microwave pulse, but also on its shape and relaxation rates. Two techniques are considered that are suitable for this case, in which Rabi oscillations are detected by monitoring the FID amplitude as a function of pulse duration or microwave field amplitude. We describe the FID-detected Rabi oscillations analytically or numerically for rectangular or shaped pulses, respectively. The description is confirmed by EPR experiments using DPPH as a model sample
Continuous-wave and pulsed EPR studies of glass-like carbon with high spin concentration: Evidence for triplet states
No full textGlass-like carbons (GLCs) are a large group of disordered carbon materials which have applications in various fields, but not all their properties are well characterized. In particular, they have high concentration of para-
magnetic centers (PCs) which are easily observed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). However, an apparently simple EPR spectrum, together with its peculiarities caused by high electrical conductivity, make it difficult to identify the PCs and their origin remains unknown. To resolve these unsettled questions, in this work we use the vacuum Rabi splitting and Rabi oscillations which so far have not been applied to study these ma-
terials by the continuous wave (CW) and pulsed EPR. GLC produced by pyrolysis of phenol-formaldehyde resin at 1120 K was studied in the temperature range of 4.3–300 K. Using the Rabi splitting we found conditions for undistorted registration of CW EPR spectra and determined spin concentration (1 E20 spin/g). The temper-
ature dependence of the EPR susceptibility shows the coexistence of Pauli paramagnetism due to conduction electrons and the Curie-type paramagnetism of thermally activated PCs with the activation energy of 5.7 cm-1. These PCs may be excited triplet states, the presence of which is revealed by Rabi oscillations in the pulsed EPR
Green synthesis of graphene acetic acid: A highly effective and versatile carbocatalyst for advanced oxidation reactions
No full textA novel graphene derivative with a high density (10 % at/at) of acetic acid pendants installed directly on the basal plane, called graphene acetic acid (GAA), is prepared through a sustainable protocol starting from fluorinated graphite. The proposed synthesis route is environmentally friendly, simple and highly scalable. The catalytic activity of the GAA as a peroxidase mimic is tested using standard protocols (i.e. 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) reacted with H2O2) obtaining excellent results that surpass the state of the art in previously reported carbon materials. To confirm further the versatility of GAA as an oxidation catalyst, and its potential relevance in industrial processes, we investigate the conversion of sulfides to sulfoxides. Once again, GAA proves to be an outstanding catalyst, being able to oxidize thioanisole to the corresponding sulfoxide in a short time (200 min for complete conversion) without the addition of a solvent and at room temperature. Moreover, the catalyst is easily recovered through filtration and can be subjected to further catalytic cycles without decreasing the performance
Synodality: An Epiphany of the Spirit
No full textThis article discusses the ecclesial phenomenon of synodality. The author focuses on the potential implications of synodality on ecclesiology and the life of the Church. Within ecclesiology, synodality identifies the sphere in which the Holy Spirit truly leads the Church. With regard to ecclesial practice, synodality helps us understand the role that the auxiliary structures of discernment (e.g., synods, councils) play and, consequently, properly shape the awareness of the members of these bodies. This article will present the ancient tradition of seeking consensus among these members as the proper way to make decisions from a pneumatological point of view as a moment of epiphany in which the inspirational action of the Holy Spirit who, by inspiring individuals, is manifested in decisions that concern the Church community.ks. dr GRZEGORZ STRZELCZYK – prezbiter Archidiecezji Katowickiej, teolog. Studia w Wyższym Śląskim Seminarium Duchownym w Katowicach kontynuowane
w latach 1995-1999 na Papieskim Wydziale Teologicznym w Lugano (Szwajcaria). W latach 2000-2004 studia doktoranckie na Uniwersytecie Gregoriańskim w Rzymie.
W latach 2004-2012 adiunkt i kierownik Pracowni Komputerowej w Zakładzie Teologii Dogmatycznej Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu Śląskiego. W latach 2008-2012 prodziekan ds. nauki tegoż Wydziału. Proboszcz parafii św. Maksymiliana Kolbego w Tychach, dyrektor Ośrodka Formacji Diakonów Stałych Archidiecezji Katowickiej i adiunkt w Instytucie Teologicznym Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu Śląskiego. Główne zainteresowania badawcze: chrystologia, a zwłaszcza problemy współczesnych reinterpretacji klasycznej chrystologii dogmatycznej; historia teologii (metody teologicznej); kwestia związku teologii z doświadczeniem; wykorzystanie nowych technologii do wsparcia „warsztatu” teologicznego.Uniwersytet ŚląskiCorecco E., Ontologia della sinodalità, in: E. Corecco, Ius et communio: scritti di diritto canonico, Casale Monferrato, Lugano 1997.Francis, Evangelii Gaudium, Vatican 2013.Majewski J., Spór o rozumienie Kościoła. Eklezjologiczne uwarunkowania i perspektywy wielkich debat teologicznych na przełomie XX i XXI wieku, Warszawa 2004.Second Vatican Council, Dei Verbum, Vatican 1965.Second Vatican Council, Lumen Gentium, Vatican 1964.Szlaga J., Epifania, in: Encyklopedia Katolicka, vol. IV, Lublin 1985, k. 1020.The Spiritual Senses: Perceiving God in Western Christianity, P. L. Gavriluk, S. Coakley, eds., Cambridge 2011513914
Correction to: Therapeutic options for patients with refractory status epilepticus in palliative settings or with a Limitation of life‑sustaining therapies: a systematic review
No full textThe article Therapeutic Options for Patients with Refractory Status Epilepticus in Palliative Settings or with a Limitation of Life‑Sustaining Therapies: A Systematic Review, written by Laurent M. Willems, Sebastian Bauer, Kolja Jahnke, Martin Voss, Felix Rosenow, Adam Strzelczyk, was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume 34, issue 8, pages 801–826 the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Post-publication open access was funded by Projekt DEAL. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to © The Author(s) 2021 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. The original article has been corrected
Application of the sustainable development principle to reduce energy consumption on the example of energy-saving housing
No full textArtykuł przedstawia praktyczne zastosowanie zasady zrównoważonego rozwoj w budownictwie wielomieszkaniowym. W oparciu o metodologię typową dla katolickiej nauki społecznej prezentuje się energooszczędne budownictwo, którego zaletą są
niskie koszty eksploatacji energii wynikające z jej zużycia w miejscu wyprodukowania. Społeczny aspekt zrównoważonego rozwoju w perspektywie Smart Home pozwala badać:
z jednej strony użyteczność energooszczędnych technologii, z drugiej strony zakres energochłonności budynków mieszkalnych, których utrzymanie zależy od technologii
termoizolacyjnych i uwarunkowań środowiska naturalnego.The article presents the practical application of the sustainable development principle in multi-apartment housing. Based on the methodology typical of Catholic social teaching, energy-efficient construction is presented, with the advantage of low energy
exploitation costs resulting from its consumption at the place of production. The social aspect of sustainable development in the perspective of Smart Home allows you to study: on the one hand the usefulness of energy-saving technologies, on the other hand
the range of energy consumption of residential buildings, the maintenance of which depends on thermal insulation technologies and environmental conditions
A Vernacular Historiographical Miscellany in the French MS 688 from the National Library in Paris. A critical study
No full textWydział Historyczny: Instytut HistoriiPrzedmiotem rozprawy jest zbiór francuskich przekładów pięciu kronik łacińskich (Kronik Izydora z Sewilli, Historii rzymskiej i Historii Longobardów Pawła Diakona, Historii Normanów Amata z Monte Cassino oraz anonimowej Historii sycylijskiej), sporządzony około połowy XIV w. i zachowany we współczesnym mu rękopisie ze zbiorów francuskiej Biblioteki Narodowej (BnF, fr. 688). Zarówno tłumaczenie, jak i sam rękopis zostały wykonane prawdopodobnie w południowej Italii. Praca składa się z trzech części. Pierwsza zawiera opis kodykologiczny i opis dekoracji rękopisu, rozważania na temat jego datacji i lokalizacji oraz historii do 1668 r., kiedy został włączony do księgozbioru królów Francji. W części drugiej podjęto zagadnienie modelu kolekcji jako całości oraz miejsca pojedynczych przekładów w tradycji odpowiednich tekstów łacińskich. Konfrontacja tekstu francuskiego z wybranymi świadectwami łacińskimi pozwoliła na rozpoznanie kształtu podstawy czterech spośród pięciu tłumaczeń (nie zachowało się żadne świadectwo łacińskiej Historii Normanów), a tym samym określenie zakresu interwencji tłumacza. Rezultaty te stanowią podstawę dla przedstawionych w części trzeciej rozważań nad datacją przekładu, środowiskiem tłumacza i zleceniodawcy, strategią przekładu oraz kulturą tłumacza. Ostatni rozdział przedstawia kolekcję na tle produkcji historiograficznej południowej Italii okresu andegaweńskiego.The study is concerned with a miscellany of French translations of five Latin chronicles (Isidore of Seville’s Chronica, Paul the Deacon’s Historia Romana and Historia Langobardorum, Amatus of Montecassino’s Historia Normannorum, and the so-called Historia Sicula). Dating from the mid-14th century the miscellany has been transmitted in a contemporary manuscript, currently held in the Bibliothèque nationale de France (fr. 688). Both the translations and the MS are probably of Southern Italian origin. The thesis consists of three parts. In the first part explores the following problems: codicological features of the MS, its illuminations, the time and milieu of production and its history till 1668 when it was acquired by the French royal library. The second part raises the questions of models for the miscellany and of the place occupied by individual translations in the tradition of the respective Latin compositions. Comparing the French text with selected Latin testimonies enabled to author to recognize the features of the Latin copies that the translator may have used and thus to estimate the scope of translator’s insertions. The results constitute a necessary basis for considering the issues discussed in the third part, i.e. the time of the execution of translations, the milieu of both the translator and the patron, and the translator’s strategy and learning. The dissertation is concluded with a survey of the historiographical culture of the Angevin Southern Italy
The Spoken Word, the Book and the Image in the Work of Evangelization
No full textLittle is known about the ‘material’ equipment of the early missionaries who set out to evangelize pagans and apostates, since the authors of the sources focused mainly on the successes (or failures) of the missions. Information concerning the ‘infrastructure’ of missions is rather occasional and of fragmentary nature. The major part in the process of evangelization must have been played by the spoken word preached indirectly or through an interpreter, at least in the areas and milieus remote from the centers of ancient civilization. It could not have been otherwise when coming into contact with communities which did not know the art of reading, still less writing. A little more attention is devoted to the other two media, that is, the written word and the images. The significance of the written word was manifold, and – at least as the basic liturgical books are concerned (the missal, the evangeliary?) – the manuscripts were indispensable elements of missionaries’ equipment. In certain circumstances the books which the missionaries had at their disposal could acquire special – even magical – significance, the most comprehensible to the Christianized people (the examples given: the evangeliary of St. Winfried-Boniface in the face of death at the hands of a pagan Frisian, the episode with a manuscript in the story of Anskar’s mission written by Rimbert). The role of the plastic art representations (images) during the missions is much less frequently mentioned in the sources. After quoting a few relevant examples (Bede the Venerable, Ermoldus Nigellus, Paul the Deacon, Thietmar of Merseburg), the author also cites an interesting, although not entirely successful, attempt to use drama to instruct the Livonians in the faith while converting them to Christianity, which was reported by Henry of Latvia
Dobro wspólne jako naczelna zasada Konstytucji RP z dnia 2 kwietnia 1997 r.
No full textWhat is the common good? What understanding of the common good corresponds to the acknowledgement of the common good principle, stipulated in Article 1 of the Constitution of Poland, to be the fundamental principle? The author of the paper tries to answer these questions and to show that both political and legal interpretations allows us to treat the principle of common good as a normative principle which is not a solely ideological declaration that is not supported by any legal meaning. This paper shows how Article 1 of the Constitution of Poland of 1997 was drafted.What is the common good? What understanding of the common good corresponds to the acknowledgement of the common good principle, stipulated in Article 1 of the Constitution of Poland, to be the fundamental principle? The author of the paper tries to answer these questions and to show that both political and legal interpretations allows us to treat the principle of common good as a normative principle which is not a solely ideological declaration that is not supported by any legal meaning. This paper shows how Article 1 of the Constitution of Poland of 1997 was drafted
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