1,720,987 research outputs found
Le Soutien Public aux Projets Innovants de PME : une Evaluation de deux Territoires, en Italie et en France
No full textLes politiques pour l’innovation ont évolué, dans les dernières décennies, d’un côté vers la dimension régionale et de l’autre vers une approche indirecte, ou de type infrastructurel. Néanmoins, la question de leur évaluation reste ouverte, en rapport aux nombreux échecs enregistrés un peu partout dans le monde et aux dépenses importantes destinées à ces interventions. Pour contribuer à éclairer ce problème nous avons analysé deux réalités assez similaires: un pôle de compétitivité française, localisé en PACA, et le territoire italien du Canavese en Piémont. Pour chaque territoire une méthodologie double, qualitative et quantitative, a été utilisée pour analyser la pertinence des projets innovateurs, alloués aux PME locales, à la croissance des zones étudiées et leur corrélation avec les performances des entreprises impliquées. Les résultats montrent d’importantes différences selon le type de projet, de service et d’unités concernées, mais ils mettent en évidence, dans les deux cas analysés, d’un côté, la croissance certaine des entreprises impliquées, qui se réalise pendant la période d’allocation des services et les 2-3 années suivantes; de l’autre côté, la différente réaction des unités analysées, pendant une plus longue période: elle dépend de certains facteurs liés aux états technologiques et économiques des entreprises, qui seront mieux expliqués dans le travail suivant
Uno strumento di politica per l'innovazione: la prospezione tecnologica
No full textWP 15/1996; This paper represents a survey of the recent initiatives of technology foresight in Europe. After the decline of forecasting techniques and the first experiments in Japan and the United States, technology foresight has been adopted in several European countries. However only in the 90's, under the pressure of more rigorous public policies, these initiatives started to play a fundamental role as an instrument of selection for the innovation policies; as a consequence their methodologies are becoming more sophisticated
La centralità dell'innovazione nell'intervento pubblico nazionale e regionale in Germania
No full textWP 20/1996; Since last century the technological innovation has been one of the most important topics of the policies made by the German governments. After the II World War this interest involved also the regional governments who did not hesitate to adopt political measures parallel or in contrast with those of the federal government. The results are condensed in a large number of institutions involved in the research area and in the technological services and in a rich production of laws both at the federal and regional levels
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Ricerca, innovazione e mercato: la nuova politica del Regno Unito
Get PDFWP 21/1996; The UK is the European country that moved more resolutely his policy for innovation towards the market. Here are analyzed recent changes concerning the public research system, the support to the innovation in SMES, the technological transfer. These changes have however caused conflicting reactions and doubts about their real effectiveness for the national economy
Coopération pour l'innovation à niveau local: un exemple italien de succès (Cooperation for the innovation at the local level: a successful Italian case)
No full textWP 15/2012; the cooperation for the innovation within the industrial districts has been largely investigated, but the economic literature counts a limited number of successful and durable cases. In this paper the focus is Ruvaris , a company operating in the taps & fittings industry, that represents a good example of a structured cooperation growing during the years. In fact Ruvaris has been created by some competitors based in different districts and areas of Italy, in order to manage cooperative projects for innovation without the implication of public bodies and, in the first phase, without public financial support
Ricerca teorica vs. ricerca applicata. Un’analisi relativa al Cnr (Fundemental research vs. applied research. An analysis concerning the Italian National Research Council)
No full textWP 07/2004; Within the current debate about the role of public research in the modern societies and the relations between public and private research, there is an increasing interest towards a possible rivalry between fundamental and applied research. Some preoccupations arise from the fact that the strong pressure on public researchers in order to increase their involvement in the economic applications could limit the amount and the quality of the fundamental research. The policy implications of this rivalry need strong arguments, but at the moment no clear answer can be found in the economic literature. In this light the paper studies for the period 2000-2003 the situation within the Italian National Research Council using the data concerning the 108 institutes (grouped in 5 scientific areas). The international publications have been considered a good proxy of fundamental research against the funds provided by the market considered as a clear indicator of the applied research. The results seem to highlight for 4 scientific areas an increasing rivalry probably caused by the cut of public funding in the period that obliged the researchers to pay more attention to applied research
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