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Prävalenz von Osteoarthrosen in Schulter, Ellbogen, Hüfte und Knie bei Hunden älter als acht Jahre
Get PDFIn dieser Studie wurde die Prävalenz von OA in der Schulter, dem Ellbogen, der Hüfte und dem Knie bei Hunden über acht Jahren in einer Klinikpopulation retrospektiv über einen Zeitraum von neun Jahren untersucht. Anhand von 6296 ausgewerteten Röntgenbildern, welche gute diagnostische Qualität aufwiesen, wurde nach Anzeichen von degenerativen Veränderungen dieser Gelenke gesucht. Dabei wurden Hunde mit und ohne Lahmheit einbezogen. Jedes Gelenk wurde entsprechend dem Grad der Veränderung von OA-Grad 0 bis 3 bewertet, wobei Grad 0 frei von OA und Grad 1 geringgradig, Grad 2 mittelgradig und Grad 3 hochgradige OA bedeutet. Gelenke, welche mit Grad 0 und Grad 1 bewertet wurden, wurden anschließend verblindet von einem zweiten Beobachter bewertet. Bei Fällen, die nicht einheitlich in einen Arthrosegrad eingestuft wurden, erfolgte die definitive Gruppeneinteilung durch einen ebenfalls verblindeten dritten Beobachter. Zusätzlich wurden für jeden Hund Alter, Geschlecht mit Kastrationsstatus, Rasse, Gewicht und Vorstellungsgrund evaluiert und auf Zusammenhänge mit dem Vorliegen von OA untersucht.
Von allen untersuchten Gelenken erwiesen sich 59,7% als frei von OA, was im Umkehrschluss eine Prävalenz von 40,3% bedeutet. Hunde, welche aus orthopädischen Gründen vorgestellt wurden, hatten signifikant häufiger und höhere Arthrosegrade. Eine Prädisposition für OA konnte weder für das Geschlecht noch für den Kastrationsstatus festgestellt werden. Sowohl Alter als auch Gewicht zeigten eine schwach positive Korrelation mit Arthrosegraden.
Zusammenfassend konnte durch diese Studie die anekdotische Theorie, nach welcher ein gewisser Grad von OA für alte Hunde normal sei, widerlegt werden.This study retrospectively analyzed the prevalence of OA in the shoulder, elbow, hip and stifle in dogs over eight years of age in a clinic population over a nine-year period. Based on 6296 analyzed radiographs of good diagnostic quality, signs of degenerative changes in these joints were evaluated. Dogs with and without lameness were included. Each joint was scored from OA grade 0 to 3 according to the degree of degeneration, with grade 0 being OA-free, grade 1 being low-grade, grade 2 being moderate and grade 3 being high-grade OA. Joints that were scored grade 0 and grade 1 were then scored blinded by a second observer. For cases that were not uniformly categorized into an OA grade, the definitive group classification was carried out by a third observer who was also blinded. In addition, the age, sex with neutering status, breed, weight and reason for presentation were evaluated for each dog and analyzed for correlations with the presence of OA.
Of all the joints examined, 59.7% were found to be free of OA, which conversely means a prevalence of 40.3%. Dogs that were presented for orthopaedic reasons had significantly more frequent and higher degrees of OA. A predisposition to OA could not be determined for either gender or neutering status. Both age and weight showed a weak positive correlation with degrees of OA.
In summary, this study disproved the anecdotal theory that a certain degree of OA is normal for old dogs
Traumatische Rückenmarksverletzung bei einer intramuskulären Injektion: Fallbericht
No full textDiplomarbeit - Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien - 2020Traumatische Rückenmarkserkrankungen können eine Vielzahl von Ursachen haben. Einige davon sind vielfach beschrieben, andere jedoch kommen in der Literatur bislang kaum vor. Dieser Fallbericht behandelt im Speziellen ein iatrogen verursachtes Trauma des Rückenmarks infolge einer intramuskulären Injektion in die Lumbalmuskulatur. Beschrieben werden die Aufnahme, die Aufarbeitung und die Therapie des Patienten, nachdem einige Tage zuvor im Ausland der Insult gesetzt wurde. Bei diesem Hund handelte es sich um einen drei Monate alten, weiblichen Havapoo, welcher aufgrund einer akuten Paraparese der Hinterextremität und Lumbalschmerzen unmittelbar nach einer Injektion in die epaxiale Muskulatur vorgestellt wurde. Nach der klinischen und neurologischen Untersuchung wurde eine Rückenmarksläsion im Bereich vom dritten Thorakal- bis zum dritten Lumbalsegment vermutet. In der Magnetresonanztomographie wurde in flüssigkeitssensitiven Sequenzen im Bereich des Rückenmarks vom dritten bis zum fünften Lumbalwirbel eine hochgradige Hyperintensität beobachtet, welche sich außerhalb des Wirbelkanals in der epaxialen Rückenmuskulatur fortsetzte. Zusätzlich konnte in einer Sequenz mit Kontrastmittel ein Stichkanal detektiert werden, was den Verdacht einer Stichverletzung infolge der Injektion erhärtete. Nach einer ambulanten Therapie mit Glukokortikoiden und Protonenpumpenhemmern gefolgt von einer mehrere Monate andauernden Physiotherapie hat sich der Hund nahezu vollständig erholt. Verblieben ist über eineinhalb Jahre nach der Verletzung neben gering- bis mittelgradig verzögerter Propriozeption lediglich eine sporadisch auftretende Kotinkontinenz.Traumatic spinal cord injuries can have various causes. Some of them are described in numerous publications, others can rarely be found. This case report discusses an iatrogenic trauma of the spinal cord seemingly caused by an intramuscular injection in the lumbar muscles. It describes the medical history, neurological examination and therapy of the patient, after the injury was caused abroad a few days earlier. This dog was a female Havapoo at the age of three months, which was presented with an acute onset of paraparesis of the pelvic limbs and lumbar pain immediately following an injection in the epaxial muscles. After the clinical and neurological examination, a lesion of the spinal cord between the third thoracic and the third lumbar segment was suspected. Fluid sensitive sequences in magnetic resonance imaging showed a hyperintense signal close to the spinal cord between the third and fifth lumbar vertebra which continued into the lumbar muscles. In another sequence a canal enhanced after contrast medium application, which substantiated suspicion of a trauma following the injection. After an ambulatory therapy with glucocorticoids and proton pump inhibitors, followed by several months of consistent physical therapy, the dog had nearly completely recovered. More than one and a half years after the injury the patient showed only mild to moderate delayed proprioception and occasionally fecal incontinence.Traumatic spinal cord injuries can have various causes. Some of them are described in numerous publications, others can rarely be found. This case report discusses an iatrogenic trauma of the spinal cord seemingly caused by an intramuscular injection in the lumbar muscles. It describes the medical history, neurological examination and therapy of the patient, after the injury was caused abroad a few days earlier. This dog was a female Havapoo at the age of three months, which was presented with an acute onset of paraparesis of the pelvic limbs and lumbar pain immediately following an injection in the epaxial muscles. After the clinical and neurological examination, a lesion of the spinal cord between the third thoracic and the third lumbar segment was suspected. Fluid sensitive sequences in magnetic resonance imaging showed a hyperintense signal close to the spinal cord between the third and fifth lumbar vertebra which continued into the lumbar muscles. In another sequence a canal enhanced after contrast medium application, which substantiated suspicion of a trauma following the injection. After an ambulatory therapy with glucocorticoids and proton pump inhibitors, followed by several months of consistent physical therapy, the dog had nearly completely recovered. More than one and a half years after the injury the patient showed only mild to moderate delayed proprioception and occasionally fecal incontinence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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