117,938 research outputs found
POC and PON measurements during Akademik Tryoshnikov cruise ARCTIC2018 (Transdrift-XXIV / AT2018)
No full textResults of particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) samplings from campaign ARCTIC2018 (Transdrift XXIV). Samples for POC and PON 100 µm were obtained in August and September 2018 in the Laptev and East Sibirian Sea as well as the Nansen and Amundsen Basin onboard RV Akademik Tryoshnikov. This dataset presents results of POC and PON concentration measurements (µg per L) of samples of the particle size fraction larger and smaller than 100 µm from Niskin bottles of a water sampler rosette. Samples were acidified before elemental analyzer measurements to remove carbonates. For details see Rogge et al. 2022 (doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1617794/v1)
Charakterisierung einer Generhaltungssamenplantage der Fichte in Nordrhein-Westfalen mit Hilfe von Isoenzym-Genmarkern: Konzeption und genetisches Potenzial
No full textCharakterisierung einer Generhaltungssamenplantage der Fichte in Nordrhein-Westfalen mit Hilfe von Isoenzym-Genmarkern: Konzeption und genetisches Potenzial
No full textRegulation of the IL-12/IL-12R axis: A critical step in T-helper cell differentiation and effector function
No full textInterleukin (IL)-12 is required for the development of T-helper (Th) 1 cells, which have been shown to be important for protective cell-mediated immune responses against a variety of intracellular pathogens. Recent studies have clarified the sources and the regulation of IL-12 production leading to Th1 development against microbes. Expression of IL-12R is necessary for maintaining IL-12 responsiveness and controlling Th1 lineage commitment. Advances in this area have included a broader understanding of the factors involved in the regulation of the IL-12Rβ2 signaling component. Expression of this receptor subunit in humans is critically influenced by IL-12 and type I interferons. IL-12 signaling results in STAT4 activation and interferon (IFN)-γ production. Recent evidence suggests that IL-12 also modulates a number of genes involved in leukocyte trafficking. Thus, IL-12 is not only an important proinflammatory cytokine, which induces production of IFN-γ and subsequent activation of phagocytic cells but also plays a major role in regulating the migration and proper positioning of effector cells
Metal-catalysed C-Het (F, O, S, N) and C-C bond arylation
No full textThe formation of C-aryl bonds has been the focus of intensive research over the last decades for the construction of complex molecules from simple, readily available feedstocks. Traditionally, these strategies involve the coupling of organohalides (I, Br, Cl) with organometallic reagents (Mg, Zn, B, Si, Sn,...) such as Kumada-Corriu, Negishi, Suzuki-Miyaura, Hiyama and Sonogashira cross-couplings. More recently, alternative methods have provided access to these products by reactions with less reactive C-Het (F, O, S, N) and C-C bonds. Compared to traditional methods, the direct cleavage and arylation of these chemical bonds, the essential link in accessible feedstocks, has become increasingly important from the viewpoint of step-economy and functional-group compatibility. This comprehensive review aims to outline the development and advances of this topic, which was organized into (1) C-F bond arylation, (2) C-O bond arylation, (3) C-S bond arylation, (4) C-N bond arylation, and (5) C-C bond arylation. Substantial attention has been paid to the strategies and mechanistic investigations. We hope that this review can trigger chemists to discover more efficient methodologies to access arylation products by cleavage of these C-Het and C-C bonds
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Consumer Information in the food service industry vs. food retailing
No full textIn order to define consumer expectations over a traceability and information system for the entire food supply chain, the information behaviour of consumers in the food service industry has been subject to an analysis for the first time. In comparison to consumers in retailing, significant differences appear in information seeking behaviour as well as in the information desired.meat traceability, consumer behaviour, food service industry, Consumer/Household Economics,
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