1,721,097 research outputs found
Efficient energy transfer in layered hybrid organic/inorganic nanocomposites: A dual function of semiconductor nanocrystals
Get PDFThe efficiency of energy transfer in hybrid organic/inorganic nanocomposites based on conjugated polymers and semiconductor nanocrystals is strongly dependent on both the energy transfer rate and the rate of the nonradiative recombination of the polymer. We demonstrate that the polymer nonradiative recombination can be reduced by the suppression of exciton diffusion via proper morphology engineering of a hybrid structure. In the layer-by-layer assembled nanocomposite of a conjugated polymer and CdTe nanocrystals the latter have a dual role: first, they are efficient exciton acceptors and, second, they reduce nonradiative recombination in the polymer by suppressing exciton diffusion across the layers.Fil: Lutich, Andrey A.. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; AlemaniaFil: Pöschl, Andreas. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; AlemaniaFil: Jiang, Guoxin. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; AlemaniaFil: Stefani, Fernando Daniel. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; Alemania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Susha, Andrei S.. City University of Hong Kong; ChinaFil: Rogach, Andrey L.. City University of Hong Kong; ChinaFil: Feldmann, Jochen. Ludwig Maximilians Universitat; Alemani
Optical processes in carbon nanocolloids
No full textIn recent years, carbon dots, graphene quantum dots, and other carbon nanocolloids have attracted a mounting interest as readily available, non-toxic, and tailorable carbon-based nanomaterials. One of the most fascinating features of carbon nanocolloids is their luminescence, the origin of which remains a source of dispute. The lack of understanding of the optical properties of carbon nanocolloids hampers their use in technological, environmental, and biomedical processes. Here, we review the current knowledge of excited states in carbon nanocolloids and related properties, inviting researchers to embrace the complexity of carbon nanocolloids. We point to the fundamental problems associated with their structure, photophysics, and photochemistry and highlight multiple directions of current and future research of this exciting class of nanomaterials.Fil: Ragazzon, Giulio. Università degli Studi di Trieste; ItaliaFil: Cadranel, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física; ArgentinaFil: Ushakova, Elena V.. City University of Hong Kong; ChinaFil: Wang, Yichun. University of Michigan; Estados UnidosFil: Guldi, Dirk. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Rogach, Andrey L.. City University of Hong Kong; ChinaFil: Kotov, Nicholas A.. University of Michigan; Estados UnidosFil: Prato, Maurizio. Università degli Studi di Trieste; Itali
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Interplay between Auger and ionization processes in nanocrystal quantum dots
Get PDFWe study the interplay between Auger effects and ionization processes in the limit of strong electronic confinement in core/shell CdSe/ZnS semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots. Spectrally resolved fluorescence decay measurements reveal a monotonic increase of the photoluminescence decay rate on excitation density. Our results suggest that Auger recombination accelerates ionization processes that lead to the occupation of dark, nonemissive nanocrystal states. A model is proposed in the quantized Auger regime describing these experimental observations and providing an estimate of the Auger assisted ionization rates
Efficient light harvesting in hybrid CdTe nanocrystal/bulk GaAs p-i-n photovoltaic devices
No full textA hybrid colloidal CdTe nanocrystal/bulk GaAs p-i-n heterostructure is demonstrated to have potential for highly efficient light harvesting photovoltaic devices. An array of rectangular channels is fabricated on the surface of the GaAs heterostructure penetrating through its active layer and subsequently filled with water soluble CdTe nanocrystals emitting in the near infrared. Photogenerated carriers in the highly absorbing colloidal nanocrystals are efficiently transferred by means of nonradiative energy transfer to the patterned heterostructure possessing high carrier mobility and converted to electrical current. A threefold enhancement of both photocurrent and monochromatic power conversion efficiency has been achieved.<br/
Mechanisms underlying toxicity induced by CdTe quantum dots determined in an invertebrate model organism
No full textA systematic and thorough quantitative analysis of the in vivo effects of inorganic nanoparticles is extremely important for the design of functional nanomaterials for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, better understanding of their non-specificity toward tissues and cell types, and for assessments of their toxicity. This study was undertaken to examine the impact of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) on an invertebrate freshwater model organism, Hydra vulgaris, for assessment of long term toxicity effects. The continuous exposure of living polyps to sub-lethal doses of QDs caused time and dose dependent morphological damages more severe than Cd2+ ions at the same concentrations, impaired both reproductive and regenerative capability, activated biochemical and molecular responses. Of remarkable interest, low QD doses, apparently not effective, caused early changes in the expression of general stress responsive and apoptotic genes. The occurrence of subtle genetic variations, in the absence of morphological damages, indicates the importance of genotoxicity studies for nanoparticle risk assessment. The versatility in morphological, cellular, biochemical and molecular responses renders Hydra a perfect model system for high-throughput screening of toxicological and ecotoxicological impact of nanomaterials on human and environmental health
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Integrated Plasmonic Infrared Photodetector Based on Colloidal HgTe Quantum Dots
No full textThis paper presents a 2300 nm wavelength photodetector which comprises a spin-deposited colloidal HgTe quantum dot (QD) film on a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguide. This photodetector is an integrated device based on the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible silicon-on-insulator platform. The device employs input and output silicon waveguide grating couplers, and HgTe QDs are used as the infrared photosensing material. Infrared light is coupled to the strongly confined MIM waveguide mode, which shrinks the device footprint and improves the light detection efficiency simultaneously. A room temperature responsivity of 23 mA W−1 and a noise-equivalent power of 8.7 × 10−11 W Hz−1/2 at 2300 nm wavelength are achieved by the photodetector at 2.14 W mm−2 (measured at the input to the plasmonic waveguide) with a device footprint of 15 µm × 0.35 µm. The light intensity–dependent photocurrent, the current noise spectral density, and the 3 dB operation bandwidth are all characterized. The charge transfer properties of the organic HgTe QD films are further analyzed based on field effect transistor measurements
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