1,720,999 research outputs found
Proposição de melhorias em serviços destinados à implementação da filosofia Lean no agronegócio
Full text linkThe importance of agribusiness for the Brazilian economy brings the need to implement techniques for managing processes and people that allow maintaining profitability and competitiveness, even in a scenario with a significant increase in production costs. In this context, the adoption of Lean philosophy can take to agriculture and livestock the same benefits experienced in other economic sectors, such as industry, known as Lean Manufacturing, and services, where Lean Office is applied. Despite this potential, there are few publications related to this subject, when compared to articles related to the other previously mentioned applications. Another barrier found is the resistance of rural landowners to start a lean journey, as it is not known if some management models, such as the one proposed by the Agro + Lean® Management School, meet the needs of producers in different levels of managerial maturity, or if they are applicable in a more rustic environment, such as a farm. In this sense, this research aims to propose improvements to the dairy farm management model proposed by the Agro + Lean® School of Management, which is the benchmark in Brazil for implementation of lean philosophy in the agribusiness. In order to achieve such objective, a case study was carried out on a farm where the model is implemented and information was collected on the courses offered by the School, in order to substantiate the proposals made by this work. Through the analysis of data collected in interviews, documents, observations, workplace layout analysis and informal conversations, it was possible to cross evidences and among themselves and with theoretical references, in addition to applying Pearson's correlation and analyzing the reliability of questionnaires by calculating their Cronbach's Alpha. This study allowed the author to make seven concrete proposals for improvement in the process of implementing the model and in the perception of the problems faced by the students of the School of Management Agro + Lean®, allowing better addressing of the contents taught.Agência 1A importância do agronegócio para a economia brasileira traz a necessidade da implementação de técnicas de gestão de processos e de pessoas, de modo a manter as suas lucratividade e competitividade mesmo em um cenário com significativa alta dos custos produtivos. Nesse contexto, a adoção da filosofia Lean pode levar à agricultura e à pecuária os mesmos benefícios experimentados em outros setores da economia, como indústria, conhecido como Lean Manufacturing, e serviços, onde se aplica o Lean Office. Apesar deste potencial, a quantidade de publicações neste campo é ainda pequena, quando comparada com artigos relacionados às outras aplicações anteriormente citadas. Outra barreira encontrada neste campo é a resistência dos proprietários rurais em implementar uma jornada enxuta, pois não se sabe se modelos de gestão baseados no Sistema Toyota de Produção, como o proposto pela Escola de Gestão Agro+Lean®, atendem às necessidades de produtores em diferentes níveis de maturidade gerencial, ou se são aplicáveis em um ambiente mais rústico, como o de uma fazenda, de forma que garanta o suporte necessário para solucionar seus principais problemas operacionais. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de propor melhorias ao modelo de implementação das técnicas enxutas em fazendas leiteiras proposto pela Escola de Gestão Agro+Lean®, que é referência nacional na implementação da filosofia enxuta no agronegócio. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma fazenda onde o modelo está implementado, verificando as oportunidades de melhoria do mesmo e foram coletadas informações sobre os cursos oferecidos pela Escola, para se substanciar as proposições realizadas por este trabalho. Através da análise de dados colhidos em entrevistas, documentos, observações, análise de layout do local de trabalho e conversas informais, foi possível realizar o cruzamento entre evidências e delas com a literatura, além de se aplicar a correlação de Pearson e analisar a confiabilidade de questionários através do Alfa de Cronbach. Tal estudo permitiu a realização de sete propostas concretas de melhoria no processo de implementação do modelo e na percepção dos problemas enfrentados pelos alunos da Escola de Gestão Agro+Lean®, permitindo melhor endereçamento dos conteúdos ensinados
Estágio supervisionado em avicultura e bovinocultura de leite
Full text linkMonografiaA agropecuária é um segmento que mantem em grande crescimento nos últimos anos. Com esse desempenho, inúmeras empresas conseguiram desenvolver-se e ganhar notório destaque no cenário de produção de alimentos, tais como a Tijuca Alimentos LTDA. Dessa forma ela mostrou-se como sendo um local de possibilidades para adquirir conhecemos e pôr em prática o conhecimento teórico, sendo então requisitada para estágios supervisionados. Com base na execução de um estágio supervisionado obrigatório multidisciplinar foi possível observar e relatar práticas de fabricação de ração, desde recebimento de grãos, passando por processamento, mistura, expedição e análises laboratoriais. Na avicultura de postura foi possível realizar o acompanhamento de setores de pinteiro, recria e unidades de produção de ovos, bem como setores de classificação e expedição do produto. Já na avicultura de corte foram realizadas atividades nos setores produção de galeto e frango de corte, assim como a sistemática do abatedouro. O setor de bovinocultura da empresa encontra-se em grande capacidade produtiva e nele foi possível acompanhar atividades em bezerreiro, recrias, ordenha e reprodução de vacas da raça holandesa. Com a execução do estágio supervisionado obrigatório foi possível grande crescimento pessoal e profissionaTrabalho não financiado por agência de fomento, ou autofinanciad
Dinámica del nitrógeno del suelo en sistemas de maíz zea mays l. y soya glycine max l. bajo el efecto de abonos verdes
Full text linkLos abonos verdes (AV) se implementan en agroecosistemas para mejorar y/o restaurar la fertilidad del suelo, mediante el aporte que hacen de nutrientes, materia orgánica y agua. Este estudio se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la dinámica del nitrógeno (N) del suelo en sistemas de maíz y soya bajo el efecto de AV. En un Typic Haplustert ubicado en el Valle del Cauca-Colombia (980 msnm, 3° 25’ 34’’ N y 76° 25’ 53’’ O) durante 2011-II se estableció como AV la asociación Mucuna pruriens var. utilis – maíz y, 90 días después de la siembra, los residuos se incorporaron como AV o se dispusieron sobre la superficie del suelo como acolchado orgánico (AO). En 2012-I, se sembraron los cultivos de maíz-soya en forma intercalada y se formularon 11 tratamientos bajo el diseño de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial 32 +2 (Parcelas Divididas) con tres repeticiones. Las parcelas principales las constituyó AV, AO y barbecho (B), por la arvense nativa Rottboellia cochinchinensis L. Las subparcelas correspondieron al uso de tres diferentes programas de fertilización, compost (FO), fertilizante de síntesis química industrial (FQ) y ninguna adición (SF). Paralelamente, se sembraron como referentes de la investigación los monocultivos de maíz y soya manejados de forma convencional (FQ). En la etapa de floración y llenado de grano de los cultivos se analizaron algunas variables, relacionadas con el suelo: N total, amonio, nitrato, N inorgánico total (Nit), carbono orgánico (CO), población de bacterias oxidantes de amonio (BOA), humedad volumétrica, temperatura, porosidad total llena de agua (PPA), dióxido de carbono (CO2), metano (CH4) y óxido nitroso (N2O); en tejido vegetal de maíz y soya: carbono (C) y N. Los resultados analizados mediante SAS versión 9.1.3 indicaron que la adición de materiales orgánicos de alta calidad (M. pruriens var. utilis - maíz como AV/AO), estimularon la mineralización del C y dinámica de las diferentes fracciones de N en el suelo, sin cambios significativos en el contenido de estos elementos en el tejido vegetal del cultivo de maíz y soya. Las poblaciones de BOA y la producción de NO3- variaron significativamente entre etapas fenológicas evaluadas, sin diferir entre tratamientos. El flujo CO2 se incrementó en los cultivos intercalados adicionados con AV/AO en comparación con los monocultivos. En las parcelas principales AV, AO y B el uso de fertilizantes de síntesis química industrial estimuló significativamente los flujos de N2O y CH4. En el cultivo intercalado maíz-soya el uso de materiales orgánicos de alta calidad AV/AO promovió en maíz rendimientos similares a los obtenidos con FQ, mientras que en soya, cuando se adicionó AO los rendimientos superaron al promedio del sistema convencional (B).//Abstract: Green manure (GM) are implemented in agroecosystems to improve and/or restore the fertility of the soil, through the input of nutrients, organic matter and water. This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the dynamics of nitrogen (N) of the soil in systems of corn and soybeans under the effect of AV. In a Typic Haplustert located in the Valle del Cauca-Colombia (980 msnm, 3° 25' 34" N and 76° 25' 53" O) during 2011-II was established as the association GM Mucuna pruriens var. utilis - corn and, 90 days after planting, residues were incorporated as GM or were arranged on the surface of the soil as organic mulch (OM). In 2012-I, the crops were planted corn-soy in interleaved fashion and made 11 treatments under the design of randomized complete block with a factorial arrangement 32 +2 (Split Plots) with three replications. The main plots the formed GM, OM and fallow (F), by the arvensis native Rottboellia cochinchinensis L. The subplots corresponded to the use of three different fertilization programs, compost (FO), fertilizer industrial chemical synthesis (FQ) and any addendum (SF). In parallel, were planted as relating to the investigation of the monoculture of corn and soybean handled in the conventional way (FQ). In the flowering stage and grain filling of the crops were analyzed some variables relating to the ground: N total, ammonium, nitrate, total inorganic N (Nit), organic carbon (CO), population of ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB), volumetric moisture, temperature, total porosity filled with water (PPA), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O); in plant tissue of maize and soybean: carbon (C) and N. Results analyzed using SAS version 9.1.3 indicated that the addition of organic materials of high quality (M. pruriens var. utilis-corn as GM/OM) stimulated the mineralization of the C and dynamics of the different fractions of N in the soil, without significant changes in the content of these elements in the plant tissue of the cultivation of corn and soybeans. The populations of AOB and the production of NO3- varied significantly between phenological stages evaluated, without differ between treatments. The CO2 flow is increased in the intercropping added with GM/OM in comparison with the monoculture. In the main plots GM, OM and F the use of fertilizers of industrial chemical synthesis flows significantly stimulus of N2O and CH4. In the intercropping corn-soybean the use of organic materials of high quality GM/OM promoted in corn yields similar to those obtained with FQ, while in soybean, when added OM yields exceeded the average of the conventional system (F).Doctorad
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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