643 research outputs found
Alien theory : the decline of materialism in the name of matter
No full textThe thesis tries to define and explain the rudiments of a 'nonphilosophical'
or 'non-decisional' theory of materialism on the basis of a
theoretical framework provided by the 'non-philosophy' of Francois
Laruelle. Neither anti-philosophical nor anti-materialist in character, non-materialism
tries to construct a rigorously transcendental theory of matter by
using certain instances of philosophical materialism as its source material.
The materialist decision to identify the real with matter is seen to retain a
structural isomorphy with the phenomenological decision to identify the real
with the phenomenon. Both decisions are shown to operate on the basis of a
methodological idealism; materialism on account of its confusion of matter
and concept; phenomenology by virtue of its confusion of phenomenon and
logos. By dissolving the respectively 'materiological' and
'phenomenological' amlphibolies which are the result of the failure to effect a
rigorously transcendental separation between matter and concept on the one
hand; and between phenomenon and logos on the other, non-materialist
theory proposes to mobilise the non-hybrid or non-decisional concepts of a
'matter-without-concept' and of a 'phenomenon-without-logos' in order to
effect a unified but non-unitary theory of phenomenology and materialism.
The result is a materialisation of thinking that operates according to matter's
foreclosure to decision. That is to say, a transcendental theory of the
phenomenon that licenses limitless phenomenological plasticity,
unconstrained by the apparatus of eidetic intuition or any horizon of
apophantic disclosure; yet one which is simultaneously a transcendental
theory of matter, uncontaminated by the bounds of empirical perception and
free of all phenomenological circumscription
Henri Matisse Drawing: An Eye-Hand Interaction Study Based on Archival Film.
No full textHenri Matisse (1869-1954) attached fundamental importance to his drawings, in particular to the famous Themes et Variations series. These were accomplished following a precise method, starting with arduous life studies and evolving into brilliant spontaneous drawings. A 1946 archival documentary film showing the artist drawing four portraits of his grandson Gerard was shot in such a way as to allow the present author to undertake a detailed eye-hand interaction analysis of the drawing process.
It was found that Matisse’s temporal working rhythm and use of motor memory resulted in a more direct approach than that used by most painters. Taken together with remarks the artist made throughout his lifetime, these results provide a cognitive interpretation of his drawing method
Matthew’s Sitz im Leben and the emphasis on the Torah
No full textThe role of the Torah is the subject of a full scale discussion in the first Gospel. This article investigates the socio-historical setting that produced this text with such an emphasis on Torah observance. To address these issues, the Matthean text is read to discover issues that were prevalent in the community where the text was produced and read. This is followed by an investigation into developments in the broader Jewish society in the second half of the first century C.E. It becomes clear that the Jewish society was fragmented, and this led to an urge to consolidate.During these developments the Torah was used by newly formed communities to define their norms of existence. In the first Gospel the author defines their position in terms of specific Torah observance. While countering some form of Christian libertinism and allegations against the Torah observance of his community, he assures his community of their convictions
A comparative analysis of Le Noeud De Viperes by Francois Mauriac and Le Journal D'un Cure De Campagne by Georges Bernanos, 1970
No full textThe principal aim of the paper is to analyze one novel by Francois Mauriac, and one by Georges Bernanos. After analyzing the novels, the writer desires to compare the character development, the plot, the style and the themes of each novel. The results should reveal certain similarities and differences in each of the novels studied. The study consists of four chapters. Chapter one, the introduction, is devoted to a presentation of the social, cultural and political milieu in which Mauriac and Bernanos lived. It includes a brief biographical sketch of each author. An analysis of Le Noeud de Viperes is given in Chapter two, and in Chapter three, an analysis of Le Journal D'un cure de Campagne is presented. The fourth chapter is the major pare of the study. In this chapter, the writer seeks to compare the similarities and differences of the novels under consideration. It is observed that Mauriac and Bernanos used religious hypocricy, marital or family discord, pride and avarice as a basis to discuss sin and evil in the society of their times. While the major themes in these novels are similar, the main characters are different. Further comparisons disclose differences in the portrayal of minor characters in the development of the plots and in style. Selected passages are quoted where feasible to verify the similarities or dissimilarities stated. The conclusion is that Le Noeud De Viperes and Le Journal D'un Cure De Campagne represent personal manifestations of disquietude or apprehensiveness about the social, economic, and religious climate surrounding the lives of the authors
Literary Experiences of Encyclopedist of 18th Century: Jean-Francois Marmontel
No full textThe article is devoted to identifying the features of the formation of Jean-Francois Marmontel as a writer, journalist and encyclopedist who made a significant contribution to the literary education of the French society. The relevance of the research topic is due to the study of the views of the scientist that influenced the reception of established and new literary genres of the 18th century. The research methodology is based on a narrative approach in the historiographical perspective, as well as a biographical (cultural-anthropocentric) method that reveals the writer's biography as a typical manifestation of the socio-cultural processes of the age of the Enlightenment. The use of these methods determined the novelty of the study, as it contributed to the consideration of the dynamics of the views of the French educator J.-F. Marmontel and the determination of the degree of his literary contribution to the development of new genres of the moralizing novel and the epic novel, as well as the French Encyclopedia (Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des metiers). It is proved that for J. F. Marmontel the task of the writer was to educate the reader through his introduction to “belle literacy” (belles lettres). The material of the study was the literary works of J. F. Marmontel in French and Russian: poetic works, moralizing stories, novels, including his articles on literature, published in the first edition of the Encyclopedia. An analysis of the content of the French writer's works shows that they are educational and critical in nature, since their author skillfully mastered many literary genres in practice
The political economy of trade and growth: an analytical interpretation of sir James Steuart's inquiry
No full textSir James Steuart (1713-80) has been unduly neglected by the majority of historians of economic thought. This study aims at casting a new light upon his original thought to provide a basis for the revaluation of his contribution to the development of economic discipline. The present interpretation of his Inquiry (1767) reveals that his political economy contains not only fresh new ideas and path-breaking thinking for his time but also most major ingredients of modem economics. Firmly based on the recognition of the interdependence of economic sectors and social classes, he clearly grasped the circular system of production, distribution and consumption in the exchange economy. He discerned between the 'profit upon alienation' and the 'real value' of commodities in their current price' determined in the markets. He emphasized the 'balance of work and demand', secured by the 'double competition' among the sellers and buyers of commodities, for the efficient allocation of economic resources. On these foundations, Steuart established his theory of output, employment and population in terms of the notion of 'effectual demand'. His economic analysis culminates in his discussions of economic growth and foreign trade. He linked the limitations of the former to the benefits of the latter. Meanwhile, refuting his predecessors' quantity theory, Steuart presented what might be called the production-consumption theory of money, according to which money is not neutral to the determination of the level of output in an exchange economy. His theory of international money also takes on modernity, as it adopts an absorption approach to the balance of payments. Steuart's monetary analysis comes complete with his argument for government's active finance. The state interventionism underlying the whole of Steuart's political economy is seen as its logical conclusion, rather than a mere assumption. Thus, it is suggested that the ultimate message of his Inquiry is neither laissez faire nor centa-al planning
Stability and bifurcations in projective holomorphic dynamics
No full textWe survey the classical theory of stability for rational maps and give a new proof based on potential and ergodic theoretic tools. We then exploit this approach to present a generalization of this theory which is valid in any dimension. This text is partially based on the lectures given by the first author at IMPAN during the Simons Semester Dynamical Systems held in Banach Center
Theoretical description of chromosome architecture after multiple back-crossing
No full textInternational audienceThis paper provides a theoretical description of the chromosome architecture resulting from a given number of generations in a back-cross. It is worth considering chromosome architecture as being dependent on a marked point process, whose properties themselves depend on the crossing-over model used. The resulting architecture is presented here for two different models, one without interference, the other with complete interference. Exact distributions, with easy-to-compute formulae, are derived for quantities of interest, as the lengths of donor or receiver fragments, for any chromosome length and for both crossing-over models. Examples are presented to illustrate the use of these distributions in introgression programs
Choosing the optimal hidden Markov model for secondary-structure prediction
No full textInternational audienceProteins are major constituents of living cells, forming many cellular components and most enzymes. So, knowledge of 3D protein structures is essential to understand biological mechanisms. Researchers often use neural networks to predict secondary structure in proteins, but the networks can be hard to interpret. This alternative method uses an optimal and interpretable hidden Markov model to classify protein residues. These HMM models account for the transitions observed in 3D structures and allow a predictive approach. We've developed a method for finding an optimal HMM to classify residues into secondary-structure classes. HMMs both provide a probabilistic framework for sequence treatment and produce interpretable model
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