1,721,085 research outputs found
Inter-tree distribution of the spruce web-spinning sawfly, Cephalcia abietis, at endemic density
No full textForest soil respiration under climate changing
Full text linkSoil respiration is a process of prime relevance for understanding the carbon cycle in forest
ecosystems and for properly comprehending the role of forests in climate change mitigation. The
process is divided into two components: (i) autotrophic soil respiration, i.e. the efflux of CO2 from
the respiration of tree roots, and (ii) heterotrophic soil respiration, i.e. the efflux of CO2 due to
respiration of soil microorganisms. A third component, the respiration of mycorrhizae, is still
debated and it is not yet clear whether it should be accounted for in autotrophic or heterotrophic soil
respiration, respectively, or whether it should be treated as a third component.
The rate of soil respiration is controlled by environmental factors. Expectedly, the strongest
driver is soil temperature, followed by soil moisture. The relevance of either factor depends on site
properties. Two papers are reinforcing this view. An asset of the paper compilation is the collection of
case studies where other factors besides temperature and soil moisture are evidently greatly affecting
the rate of soil respiration. The characteristics of the forest stand such as tree density, stand age, and
tree species and additional soil properties such as aggregate stability are influencing soil respiration.
The book gives guidance on the current state of knowledge and helps identifying knowledge gaps
for future research endeavour
Effects of tree species biodiversity on soil C and N pools: a regional case study in northern Italy
Full text linkSite conditions are known to affect local resource availability, therefore being an
important driver of plant species diversity. In this context, soil fertility is thought to
influence the relationship between plant species diversity and climate in forests
ecosystems. The data collected with the Regional Forest Carbon Inventory of the
Trento Province (InFoCarb), on 150 plots of 600 m2
size, were used to investigate
possible impacts of tree biodiversity on local soil conditions. Biodiversity was
quantified both as Species Richness and with Biodiversity Indexes (Simpson's Index
and Shannon-Wiener index) moreover, canopy species evenness was expressed by
the Simpson's dominance index by using the proportions of basal area for each
constituent species. Forest floor and mineral soil were collected on three mini-pits
inside each sampling plot. Relationships between the soil C and N pools and tree
biodiversity were investigated with linear regressions whereas Boosted Regression
Trees models were used to highlight the main determinants of canopy species
diversit
IoT technology as a support tool for the calculation of Crop Water Stress Index in a Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay vineyard in Northern Italy
Full text linkNowadays agriculure is one of the main sectors affected by climate change. The continuous increase of temperature and drought periods are posing serious problems in terms of shift of plants’ phenological phases and a reduction of crop yield quantity and quality. Among the indexes used to assess plant water status, the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) is one of the most studied due to its ease of calculation. We performed a study in a vineyard in Trentino (San Michele all’Adige, Northern Italy) where we took advantage of IoT Technology to build a device to measure leaf temperature and automatically calculate the CWSI. Parameters necessary to determine the CWSI were the temperature of a non-transpiring leaf, (artificial 3D printed black leaf), and the temperature of a fully-transpiring leaf (wet bulb temperature of the air). We compared various types of thermometers to measure temperatures of the real leaves, and with repeated measuring campaigns performed during the summer of 2022 we could obtain spatial maps of CWSI that could highlight the stress levels of the vineyard and therefore address the irrigation management in a context of precision agricultur
Relazione tra pianta ospite e insetto nella gestione del bosco: il caso delle Cephalcia della picea
No full textRelazione tra pianta ospite e insetto nella gestione del bosco: il caso delle Cephalcia della picea.
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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