75 research outputs found
Polyphony and the anxiety of influence in the fiction of Henry James
No full textJames's fiction, especially in the Middle Phase, centres
on the figure of the artist and is characterized by, the two
interrelated aspects which previous criticism has largely
overlooked: the Bakhtinian 'polyphonic' -creation of
'author-thinkers'; and the conflict between ephebes and
precursors, for which Harold-Bloom's concept of 'the-anxiety of
influence' is the most illuminating model. Polyphony is the
narrative mode, and influence is the intra-artistic, theme.
These, as the Introduction to the thesis makes clear, are
rehearsed in James's inaugural novel, Roderick Hudson. Rowland
Mallet is an author-thinker, and his failure is caused by
authorial limitations. His monologism -is impaired by his
mistaking empathy for the authorial sympathy. Likewise,
Hudson's failure does not arise from a mercurial temperament,
but from a polyphonic shortcoming: not possessing the power of
fiction to contain the fiction of power in, his mentor. And the
relationships among the three artists - Gloriani, Hudson and
Singleton - perfectly exemplify the Bloomian-theme. It is these
two concepts, polyphony and influence, which are the major
preoccupation in the Middle Phase; as, the works chosen
demonstrate. These are a novella, a novel, and a number of
short stories all of which have been unjustifiably neglected.
Chapter One, on The Aspern Papers, argues that Tina Bordereau,
far from being, the artless victim seen by many critics,
actually challenges and defeats the narrator by the very form
of her narrative. Her 'realist' discourse undermines his
language of 'romance', and shows up its internal unstability.
Chapter Two is an extensive study of the critical reception of
The Tragic Muse. The most common areas of critical attention
have been its contemporary topicality, its relation to previous
novels on similar themes, and the possible genealogy of Gabriel
Nash. Those have all missed the core of the work. - Chapter Three
demonstrates how polyphony and the anxiety of influence make
the novel what it really is. Influence arises from the
juxtaposition of, and the wrestling between, artistic ephebes
and their precursors (Nick and Nash,, Miriam and Madame Carre).
The dialogic quality defined by Bakhtin is crucial to the
proper, and even-handed, characterization of all, the conflicts
in the novel. And since most of James's tales in the eighties
and nineties -are about 'masters - and acolytes, the anxiety of
influence remains central. Chapter Four is a study of 'The
Author of Beltraffiol' and 'The Lesson of the Master'. Again the
characters' manipulations are a crucial focus in a way that
G6rard Genette's terminology helps to illuminate. The fact that
the ephebe is the author-thinker emphasizes the inextricability
of the Bakhtinian and the Bloomian in James. Just as
polyphony offers a different focus for explicating the poetics
of James's fiction; so the ephebal conflict provides the basis
for a fresh perception of James's own artistic struggle
Validación de la información obtenida de los certicados de nacimiento en el Hospital General de Guanajuato
No full textIntroduction: The aim of this study was to quantify the
agreement between the information registered in the
Subsystem for Birth Information (SINAC) and medical record
data in the Guanajuato General Hospital. Methods.
The sensitivity and specificity of several epidemiologically
relevant variables were determined by considering the
data from medical records as the gold standard. A crosssectional,
observational study was performed between
May and December 2012. Kappa index statistics (KI) were
used. In total, 382 records were analyzed using R and
Epidat 4.0. Results. The agreement was almost perfect
for variables such as type of birth, sex, birth weight, and
Apgar scores. Variables such as number of weeks of gestation
and Silverman-Andersen (SA) score moderately
agreed in both data sets, with a KI of 0.59 (95% IC 0.42
to 0.75) and 0.47 (95% IC 0.29 to 0.65) respectively.
In all cases, the results were statistically significant p
<0.001. SINAC sensitivity to records of the WG was 65%,
with a specificity of 97%, a PPV of 58% and NPV of 98%.
SINAC sensitivity to register the S-A was 96%, with a specificity
of 57%, a PPV of 97% and NPV of 44%. Conclusions.
The agreement of the variables analyzed is high,
allowing us to use the data from SINAC of the GGH with
some confidence. However, care must be taken in the interpretation
of the number of weeks of gestation and respiratory
risk measured on the Silverman-Andersen scale.Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue cuantificar la
concordancia entre la información registrada en el Subsistema
de Información de Nacimientos (SINAC) y los
datos del expediente clínico en el Hospital General de
Guanajuato (HGG). Métodos. Se determinaron la sensibilidad
y la especificidad de algunas variables de interés
epidemiológico considerando los datos de los registros
médicos como estándar de oro. Se realizó un estudio observacional,
transversal de mayo a diciembre de 2012. Se
utilizó la prueba estadística asociada al Índice de Kappa
de Cohen (IK). Se analizaron 382 expedientes. Se utilizaron
R y Epidat 4.0. Resultados. La concordancia fue casi
perfecta para las variables: tipo de parto, sexo del producto,
peso al nacer y Apgar. Las variables semanas de
gestación y Silverman-Andersen (SA) tuvieron fuerzas
de concordancia moderadas, con un IK de 0.59 (IC95%
0.42-0.75) y 0.47 (IC95% 0.29-0.65) respectivamente.
En todos los casos los resultados fueron estadísticamente
significativos p<0.001. La sensibilidad del SINAC para
registrar las semanas de gestación (SDG) fue de 65%, con
una especificidad de 97%, un VPP de 58% y un VPN de
98%. La sensibilidad del SINAC para registrar el SA fue de
96%, con una especificidad de 57%, un VPP de 97% y un
VPN de 44%. Conclusiones. La concordancia de las variables
analizadas es alta, lo que permitiría utilizar con
cierta confianza los datos del SINAC en el HGG, sin embargo
se debe de tener cuidado en las interpretaciones
de SDG y de la medición de riesgo respiratorio con la
escala de S
Agreement between PSMA-RADS and E-PSMA systems in classifying [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT lesions among prostate cancer patients: exploring the correlation between lesion size and uptake
No full textPurposeTo determine the agreement between the PSMA-RADS and E-PSMA standardized reporting systems in the classification of [18F]PSMA-1007–uptaking lesions identified on PET/CT scan in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and post-prostatectomy with suspected recurrent disease (local recurrence, regional nodal involvement and distant metastases), based on biochemical recurrence, while also exploring the correlation between lesion size and tracer uptake.Materials and methodsA retrospective cross-sectional study of 32 post-prostatectomy PCa patients who had suspected recurrent disease based on biochemical recurrence post-prostatectomy (prostate-specific antigen values that are 0.2 ng/mL or higher) underwent [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT scan. The recurrent disease PCa lesions were characterized and subsequently classified using two standardized reporting systems (PSMA-RADS and E-PSMA). The lesions were grouped based on anatomical site, their size and SUVmax were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn-Bonferroni post hoc tests. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated between the size of the lesions and their SUVmax of the radiotracer [18F]PSMA-1007 for all the lesions and when grouped by anatomical site. Additionally, the agreement between lesion classifications was assessed using Cohen’s kappa index.ResultsOnly 32 (69.98 ± 8.27, men) patients met the inclusion criteria, a total of 149 lesions with avid uptake of [18F]PSMA-1007 were identified. Positive correlation (r = 0.516, p < 0.001) was observed between the size of the metastatic prostate cancer lymph node lesions and their [18F]PSMA-1007 uptake. Substantial agreement was noted between the PSMA-RADS and E-PSMA classification system scores among all lesions (κ = 0.70, p < 0.001), with notable discrepancies primarily among lymph node lesions.ConclusionOur findings revealed a positive correlation between the size of the metastatic prostate cancer lymph node lesions and [18F]PSMA-1007 uptake, and although there was substantial agreement between the PSMA-RADS and E-PSMA classification systems, there were discrepancies mainly among the lymph node lesions
(La función del ciclo celular en la auto-renovación y la pluripotencia de las células madre embrionarias humanas)
No full text[eng] Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst and have the capacity for unlimited proliferation while retaining their potential to differentiate into a wide variety of cell types when cultured in vitro. These properties have made of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) an excellent model on which to study the conditions required for differentiation into specific cell lineages, and consequently the possibility of transplanting specific cell types into damaged tissues.
The continued turn over of ESC while maintaining an undifferentiated state is dependent on unusual cell cycle properties. These unusual proliferative properties are responsible for the generation of tumours when these cells are injected into adult animals. Thus, the study of the unusual proliferative properties of hESC needs to be addressed if their potential is to be realized. To date, most studies of the cell cycle in hESC have been descriptive, lacking functional studies that reveal the mechanisms of how the cell cycle maintains pluripotency and self- renewal of hESC.
In this thesis we sought to understand the mechanisms of cell cycle control of hESC. We asked the question if a single cell cycle gene could regulate the self-renewal or pluripotency properties of hESC using a gain and loss of gene function strategy. We have identified that the protein expression of the p27Kip1 cell cycle inhibitor was low in human pluripotent cells, but its expression increased during differentiation together with changes in the cell cycle structure of pluripotent cells. By adopting a gain and loss of function strategy we increased or reduced its expression in undifferentiating conditions to define its functional role in self-renewal and pluripotency of Hesc, using undifferentiation conditions, overexpression of p27Kip1 in hESC lead to a G1 phase arrest with an enlarged and flattened hESC morphology and consequently loss of self-renewal ability. Loss of p27Kip1 caused an increase of self-renewal while maintaining an undifferentiated phenotype. Moreover, we have shown that a change in the balance of p27Kip1 levels in undifferentiated hESC affects expression of the mesoderm markers: BRACHYURY and TWIST. We have found that expression changes of TWIST are associated with the presence of p27Kip1 protein in the TWIST1 gene promoter.
The results presented in this thesis have interesting implications in stem cell biology. Firstly, these results define that the maintenance of p27Kip1 protein levels at a certain level is essential for self-renewal and pluripotency of hESC. Secondly, p27Kip1 is involved in the regulation of TWIST which is upregulated in several types of tumours and induces an epithelial-mesenchymal transition to facilitate tumor metastasis.[spa] Las células madre embrionarias humanas (conocidas como hESC por sus siglas en inglés de human embryonic stem cells) son derivadas de la masa celular interna de los blastocistos y poseen la capacidad para auto-renovarse ilimitadamente, reteniendo su potencial para diferenciarse hace una amplia variedad de tipos celulares (pluripotencia), cuando son cultivadas in vitro. Estas propiedades permiten el estudio de las condiciones requeridas para la diferenciación hacia linajes específicos y la posibilidad de trasplantar tipos celulares específicos en tejidos dañados.
El continuo recambio de las hESC al mismo tiempo que mantienen un estado de indiferenciación es dependiente de sus inusuales propiedades proliferativas. El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral fue el estudio de los mecanismos de control del ciclo celular de las hESC. Nos preguntamos si una única proteína del ciclo celular podría regular las propiedades de auto-renovación o pluripotencia de las hESC. En esta tesis doctoral identificamos que la expresión proteica del inhibidor del ciclo celular p27Kip1 era baja en diversas líneas celulares humanas pluripotentes pero aumentó durante la diferenciación, al mismo tiempo que la estructura del ciclo celular cambió. Mediante una estrategia de ganancia y pérdida de función, aumentamos o reducimos la expresión de p27Kip1 a fin de definir su función en la auto-renovación y la pluripotencia de las hESC. En condiciones de indiferenciación, la sobreexpresión de p27Kip1 en las hESC resultó en un arresto del ciclo celular en fase G1 y un cambio hacia una morfología más grande y aplanada, y consiguiente pérdida de la propiedad de auto-renovación. La pérdida de p27Kip1 causó un aumento de la auto-renovación manteniendo un fenotipo indiferenciado.
También, hemos demostrado que un cambio en la expresión de p27Kip1 en hESC indiferenciadas afecta la expresión de los reguladores de mesodermo: BRACHYURY y TWIST. Además, hemos descubierto que los cambios en la expresión de TWIST están asociados con la presencia de la proteína p27Kip1 en el promotor de TWIST1.
Estos resultados definen que los niveles de expresión de p27Kip1 son críticos para la auto-renovación y la pluripotencia de las hESC y sugieren una función para p27Kip1 en el control de la transición de epitelio a mesénquima
El nitrógeno líquido como promotor de la germinación de las semillas y del crecimiento de las plántulas en las leguminosas tropicales
No full textIntroduction: The hard seed is the main cause of dormancy in most of the Leguminoseae species. Seed scarification methods, where physical damage is sought to break hard seed coat without diminishing quality, have been modified over time to make them more effective. The most commonly used seed scarification methods include heat, mechanical scarification, and freeze-thaw. Some methods for freeze-thaw scarification include ultra-low temperature immersion in liquid nitrogen (LN, -196 ° C).
Objective: Determine the effectiveness use of Liquid nitrogen (LN) as a scarification method to overcome dormancy in seeds of species of the Leguminoseae family.
Methodology: The physiological quality of all freshly harvested seeds was determined and scarified by direct immersion in LN for 30 minutes. Total germination was determined under laboratory conditions, as well as the time required for the seeds to reach 50% germination (T50) and the total number of seeds that remained hard at the end of the experiment. The percentage of emerged seedlings and their vegetative growth was evaluated for 21 days after sowing.
Results: The seeds of all species evaluated showed a high physiological quality at the time of harvest. Scarification with LN improved germination, emergence and vegetative growth in the species Desmodium scorpiorus, Teramnus labialis, Neonotonia wigthii and Phueraria phaseoloides.
Conclusions: Dormancy was effectively overcome in the seeds of the species D. scorpiorus, T. labialis, N. wigthii and P. phaseoloides. It was possible to increase the percentage and speed of germination and emergence, managing to obtain plants with greater vegetative growth during the first 21 days after sowing.Introducción— La semilla dura es la principal causa de latencia en la mayoría de las especies de Leguminoseae. Los métodos de escarificación de la semilla, en los que se busca un daño físico para romper la cubierta dura de la semilla sin disminuir su calidad, se han modificado a lo largo del tiempo para hacerlos más efectivos. Los métodos de escarificación de semillas más utilizados son el calor, la escarificación mecánica y la congelación-descongelación. Algunos métodos de escarificación por congelación-descongelación incluyen la inmersión a muy baja temperatura en Nitrógeno Líquido (LN, –196°C).
Objetivo— Determinar la efectividad del uso de Nitrógeno Líquido (LN) como método de escarificación para superar la latencia en semillas de especies de la familia Leguminoseae.
Metodología— Se determinó la calidad fisiológica de todas las semillas recién cosechadas y se escarificaron por inmersión directa en LN durante 30 minutos. Se determinó la germinación total en condiciones de laboratorio, así como el tiempo necesario para que las semillas alcanzaran el 50% de germinación (T50) y el número total de semillas que permanecieron duras al final del experimento. Se evaluó el porcentaje de plántulas emergidas y su crecimiento vegetativo durante 21 días después de la siembra.
Resultados— Las semillas de todas las especies evaluadas mostraron una alta calidad fisiológica en el momento de la cosecha. La escarificación con LN mejoró la germinación, emergencia y crecimiento vegetativo en las especies Desmodium scorpiorus, Teramnus labialis, Neonotonia wigthii y Phueraria phaseoloides.
Conclusiones— La dormancia fue superada efectivamente en las semillas de las especies D. scorpiorus, T. labialis, N. wigthii y P. phaseoloides. Se logró aumentar el porcentaje y la velocidad de germinación y emergencia, logrando obtener plantas con mayor crecimiento vegetativo durante los primeros 21 días después de la siembra
Plasmodiophora brassicae CBM18 Proteins Bind Chitin and Suppress Chitin-Triggered Immunity
No full textPlants have a sophisticated and multilayered immune system. However, plant pathogens, helped by effector proteins, have found several strategies to evade plant immunity. For instance, the clubroot pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae is able to turn the roots of susceptible hosts into nutrient-sink galls suppressing pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity. Chitin, the main component of P. brassicae spore cell walls and a well-known pathogen-associated molecular pattern, can elicit PTI but is also the target of plant chitinases and chitin deacetylases. The fact that P. brassicae does not trigger PTI during infection of susceptible hosts motivated a genome-wide search of genes coding for secreted proteins with domains previously associated with chitin binding. We found that the P. brassicae genome encodes a repertoire of candidate-secreted effectors containing the chitin-binding domain carbohydrate-binding module family 18 (CBM18), chitinase, and chitin deacetylase domains. The role of these proteins in the pathogenicity of the clubroot pathogen is unknown. Here, we characterized two CBM18 proteins, PbChiB2 and PbChiB4, which are transcriptionally activated during infection. Through coprecipitation, we found that recombinant PbChiB2 and PbChiB4 bind to spores and to chitin oligomers. We also showed that both proteins suppress chitin-triggered activation of the map kinase proteins MPK3 and MPK6 in the host Brassica napus. These findings suggest that P. brassicae CBM18 proteins act as effectors for protecting the clubroot pathogen and for suppressing chitin-triggered immunity during infection. [Figure: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license
Histology of maize seeds and young germinating embryos after liquid nitrogen exposure
No full text[EN] Maize represents a staple food crop and is the second most important agricultural commodity globally. Considering the important role of maize for food security, the long-term
conservation of valuable germplasm is critical to ensure that high levels of genetic diversity are available for breeding superior cultivars to face future challenges. Cryopreservation is
regarded as the most appropriate tool for long-term germplasm preservation and has been investigated in different crops. This short communication adds to the existing knowledge on maize cryopreservation by describing histological changes observed in maize seeds and young germinating embryos after liquid nitrogen (LN) exposure. Plants were examined immediately after recovery from LN (day zero) and following 3 days of germination. At day 3,
seeds exposed to LN showed lower germination rates than non-cryostored seeds, i.e., 60.7% vs. 83.3%. Histological evaluation at day 3 revealed that the thickness of the conical endosperm and the scutellum did not show any statistically significant differences between control and cryopreserved seeds. In contrast, for the other histological evaluations made, mostly regarding the thickness of mesocarp, mealy endosperm, plumule, radicle and the epidermis, significant differences were observed between control and cryostored seeds with the former consistently displaying higher average values than the latter.Villalobos-Olivera, A.; Pereira, R.; Gómez, D.; Martínez, J.; Escalante, D.; Martínez-Montero, ME.; Hajari, E.... (2021). Histology of maize seeds and young germinating embryos after liquid nitrogen exposure. Romanian Biotechnological Letters. 26(4):2855-2861. https://doi.org/10.25083/rbl/26.4/2855.2861S2855286126
A imagem de Alessandro Baricco no Brasil
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos da Tradução, Florianópolis, 2013.Com a intenção de delinear o modo pelo qual o escritor italiano Alessandro Baricco se inseriu no sistema literário brasileiro e os caminhos percorridos pelos seus livros traduzidos, esta dissertação dá voz às experiências tradutórias de seus tradutores. A inserção de Bariccono Brasil tem seu início em 1997, através de uma proposição da Profa. Dra. Roberta Barni à editora Iluminuras da tradução de Oceano Mare. A partir daí, outras sete obras foram publicadas no Brasil, sendo três delas traduzidas por Roberta Barni e as outras quatro por quatro tradutores diferentes. De um lado, considera-se o tradutor como figura principal namediação entre culturas, e, de outro, se analisa a realidade desta figuradentro do sistema literário, sua invisibilidade, seus limites e o exercíciode sua profissão. A pesquisa conta, ainda, com críticas e resenhas referentes ao autor italiano publicadas em jornais consagrados no Brasil, considerando estas como parte constituinte da imagem de Baricco refletida em território nacional. Abstract : Intending to delineate the way the Italian writer Alessandro Baricco has been inserted in the Brazilian literary system and the paths his translated books have followed, this thesis gives voice to the translating experiences of his translators. Baricco's insertion in Brazil began in 1997, through a personal project of Dr. Roberta Barni, with her translation of Oceano Mare. Since then, seven other of his works have been published in Brazil, three of which were translated by Roberta Barni and the other four by four different translators. On the one hand,the translator is considered as the main figure in mediation betweencultures and, on the other, this figure's reality is analyzed within theliterary system: its invisibility, its limits and its professional practice. Criticisms and reviews of this Italian author published in well established Brazilian newspapers are also considered, with the understanding that they are part of Baricco's image reflected here
Comportamiento de compra de bienes durables (Línea Blanca) en contextos de Ingresos Medios/Bajos en Colombia: una propuesta de Informe Académico
No full textEsta propuesta de informe académico se enfoca en el comportamiento de compra de bienes durables de línea blanca en hogares colombianos de ingresos medios y bajos. El estudio busca identificar los factores económicos y
socio-demográficos más influyentes en estas decisiones, así como sus implicaciones para la industria y las políticas públicas. La metodología empleada incluyó una revisión sistemática de literatura académica y datos económicos relevantes, destacando la interconexión entre las condiciones macroeconómicas, las dinámicas de oferta y demanda, y las características específicas de los productos. Los hallazgos preliminares sugieren que el impacto de los bienes durables en el bienestar del hogar puede variar significativamente según el tipo de bien, lo que subraya la necesidad de un análisis diferenciado. Se observa que la demanda y la oferta de bienes durables interactúan de manera compleja, afectando la calidad y el acceso a los productos.I.Introducción ......................................................2
II. Revisión de la literatura ..............................4
III. Técnicas utilizadas Resultados ...............8
IV. Resultados .....................................................11
V. Conclusiones ..................................................14
VI. Referencias ....................................................16PregradoEconomist
Landscape-painter as landscape-gardener : the case of Alfred Parsons R.A.
No full textIn 2 vols.Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN016830 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo
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