2,117 research outputs found
The River Lea 1571-1767: a river navigation prior to canalisation
No full textPhDIn pre-industrial England river navigations were subject
to improvement by canalisation, the introduction of
artificial navigation cuts and pound locks. Along the Lea
this did not happen until 1767. Before that the navigation,
except for one short period, relied upon a less efficient
technology, the provision of flashes from fishing weirs,
turnpikes and mills. Yet the river was still an important
transport route, particularly for the supply of grain, meal
and malt to London. It had been this during the mediaeval
period, but not by the middle of the sixteenth century. Then
in 1571 the City of London sponsored legislation to construct
a canal from the Lea to London. Parliamentary opposition
thwarted the original ambitious scheme, so two cheaper,
shorter canals were considered, but never built. Instead
an ambitious and unique river improvement scheme was
successfully implemented. This experimental navigation
(reducing reliance on flashes to a minimum) survived 20
years, before persistent and violent opposition from land
carriers closed it. A Star Chamber case upheld the rights
of the bargemen, but the experimental navigation was not
restored. Instead the traditional flash-lock navigation
re-appeared, and was to last, with only minor improvementg
until 1767. In the intervening years the navigation
continued to expand and prosper., This despite the admitted
problems of relying on flashes and tides, and despite a
series of major disputes with the New River Companyq the
millers, fishermen and riparian land-owners. Conflict there
certainly was, but also compromise. Ultimately all parties
were prepared to accept the conflicting rights of other
users, provided they could defend their own. commissions
of Sewers provided an effective administrative forum to
effect and authorise such compromise, even after the
appointment of a body of Trustees in 1739. That the Lea
was an adequate navigation before canalisation, despite
a 'second-best' technology and an unpaid part-time administrative
structure means' that a valid comparison with the
concept of Appropiate Technology, discussed in modern-day
development theory, is possible
Letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito, November 1943
No full textTranscript of a letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito. The original letters are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL, December 2014. Digital reproduction of the original item is found in item: ssu_nbea_0030.The North Bay Ethnic Archive features material related to the forced relocation of northern San Francisco Bay Area residents to the Granada (Amache) incarceration camp, Colorado. It includes correspondence, photographs, and reports. Some of the original items are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL. The remainder are housed in Special Collections
Letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito, May 22, 1942
No full textTranscript of a letter from Kazuo Ito to Lea Perry. The original letters are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL, December 2014. Digital reproduction of the original item is found in item: ssu_nbea_0005.The North Bay Ethnic Archive features material related to the forced relocation of northern San Francisco Bay Area residents to the Granada (Amache) incarceration camp, Colorado. It includes correspondence, photographs, and reports. Some of the original items are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL. The remainder are housed in Special Collections
Letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito, November 27, 1942
No full textTranscript of a letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito. The original letters are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL, December 2014. Digital reproduction of the original item is found in item: ssu_nbea_9024.The North Bay Ethnic Archive features material related to the forced relocation of northern San Francisco Bay Area residents to the Granada (Amache) incarceration camp, Colorado. It includes correspondence, photographs, and reports. Some of the original items are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL. The remainder are housed in Special Collections
Letter from Lea Perry to George Ito, October 22, 1942
No full textTranscript of a letter from Lea Perry to George Ito. The original letters are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL, December 2014. Digital reproduction of the original item is found in item: ssu_nbea_0018.The North Bay Ethnic Archive features material related to the forced relocation of northern San Francisco Bay Area residents to the Granada (Amache) incarceration camp, Colorado. It includes correspondence, photographs, and reports. Some of the original items are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL. The remainder are housed in Special Collections
Letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito, August 11, 1943
No full textTranscript of a letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito and family. The original letters are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL, December 2014. Digital reproduction of the original item is found in item: ssu_nbea_0048.The North Bay Ethnic Archive features material related to the forced relocation of northern San Francisco Bay Area residents to the Granada (Amache) incarceration camp, Colorado. It includes correspondence, photographs, and reports. Some of the original items are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL. The remainder are housed in Special Collections
Letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito, November 30, 1942
No full textTranscript of a letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito. The original letters are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL, December 2014. Digital reproduction of the original item is found in item: ssu_nbea_0025.The North Bay Ethnic Archive features material related to the forced relocation of northern San Francisco Bay Area residents to the Granada (Amache) incarceration camp, Colorado. It includes correspondence, photographs, and reports. Some of the original items are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL. The remainder are housed in Special Collections
Letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito and family, November 16, 1943
No full textTranscript of a letter from Lea Perry to Kazuo Ito and family. The original letters are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL, December 2014. Digital reproduction of the original item is found in item: ssu_nbea_0052.The North Bay Ethnic Archive features material related to the forced relocation of northern San Francisco Bay Area residents to the Granada (Amache) incarceration camp, Colorado. It includes correspondence, photographs, and reports. Some of the original items are housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and were borrowed for digitization courtesy of the JACL. The remainder are housed in Special Collections
Proposta de controle de operação de poços com bombeio mecânico através da pressão de fundo
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Automação e SistemasNeste trabalho sobre o sistema de elevação artificial por bombeio mecânico é avaliada a contribuição que a pressão de fundo pode aportar ao sistema de controle de unidades de bombeio. Com o desenvolvimento de uma nova classe de sensores de fundo baseados em tecnologia de fibra óptica e custo reduzido surge a possibilidade de aplicar novas estratégias de controle, e neste trabalho, é proposto o controle VSD (Variable Speed Drive) com sintonia através de gain-scheduling para o controle dinâmico do nível no anular, o qual tem forte influência sobre a produção de óleo. Como proposta final utilizam-se em conjunto as informações da carta e pressão de fundo para o controle sobre unidades de bombeio mecânico, o que possibilita trabalhar em um ponto ótimo de operação e diminuir os gastos com manutenção. Para a simulação dos algoritmos de controle foi desenvolvido um simulador para o processo de bombeio mecânico que faz parte de uma plataforma de trabalho que conta também com um CLP (onde estão implementados os algoritmos de controle) conectados através de tecnologia OPC, caracterizando assim, uma situação com condições semelhantes aos campos de produção. \noindent In this work the sucker-rod pumping system is evaluated in order to evaluate the downhole pressure contribution in the pump unit control. With the development of a new class of low cost downhole sensors based in optical-fiber technology, new control strategies could bee applied, and, a control framework using the downhole pressure combined with a Variable Speed Drive (VSD) structure and gain-scheduling tunning is proposed to the dynamic level control of the annular, which has high influence on the oil production. The final proposal used the downhole pressure and dynamometer cards informations to the unit pump control, making possible to operate in the optimized operational point and to reduce the maintenance costs. A hardware in the loop platform was developed for the controlled system simulation, composed by a process simulator (where the dynamic simulator for the sucker-rod pump system is placed) and a CLP (where the control algorithms are placed) conected by OPC technology, which characterizes a situation with similar conditions to the production fields
Molecular Mechanisms of Migraine: Prospects for Pharmacogenomics
No full textMigraine is a common complex disorder that affects a large portion of the population and thus incurs a substantial economic burden on society. The disorder is characterized by recurrent headaches that are unilateral and usually accompanied by nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. The range of clinical characteristics is broad and there is evidence of comorbidity with other neurological diseases, complicating both the diagnosis and management of the disorder. Although the class of drugs known as the triptans (serotonin 5-HT1B/1D agonists) has been shown to be effective in treating a significant number of patients with migraine, treatment may in the future be further enhanced by identifying drugs that selectively target molecular mechanisms causing susceptibility to the disease. Genetically, migraine is a complex familial disorder in which the severity and susceptibility of individuals is most likely governed by several genes that may be different among families. Identification of the genomic variants involved in genetic predisposition to migraine should facilitate the development of more effective diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Genetic profiling, combined with our knowledge of therapeutic response to drugs, should enable the development of specific, individually-tailored treatment.No Full Tex
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